Submitted by:KARTIK MONDALB.F,Sc,2nd yr,1st semFS-10/13

Introduction……Shrimp is a valuable aquatic food resources high In

protein and command good export markets. The tiger shrimpP.indicus and p.merguiensis are important candidate oraquafarming.The seed requirement presently meet from the wildand insufficient to meet growing demand. Hence there is a goodpotential for hatchery production of shrimp seed.

The success of a shrimp hatchery depend on:

1.The choice of suitable site

2.Effectiveness and efficiency of the hatchery design

3.Experience of hatchery technicians

4.Efficiency of operational management.

.1.Sea water supply: The sea water used in

hatchery should be clean,clear,and free from silt. Suitable sites for hatchery are sandy and rocky shore ecosystem.

2.Availability of spawners: Presence of spawners at the vicinity of the proposed site is a considerable advantage. It reduce the transportation cost.

3.Availability of power sources: Electricity is essential to run equipment and run other live support system in the hatchery

4.Freshwater supply: Freshwater is essential for dailyhatchery operation such as salinity adjustment, equipmentmaintenance and other domestic use.

5.Accessibility:A hatchery should be sited in areas wherethere are active shrimp farming operation so that the shrimplarvae can be easily transported and distributed to the grow outpond.

Basically there are two hatchery system adopted

1.The large tank hatchery: Developed in Japan,

2.The small tank hatchery: Developed in USA.

Hatchery Design and construction

There are three determinants in designing a hatchery-

1.Target species

2.Production target

3.Level of financial inputs

Hatchery Design is aimed at achieving the production

target which determine the size of hatchery

Size of hatchery:-Based on the level of operation ,productionoutput and financial investment hatchery practice grouped into-

1.Backward hatchery :The seed production capacity 20 million per yr

2.Medium scale hatchery: The seed production capacity 50 million peryr

3.Large scale hatchery: The seed production capacity more than 50million per yr

Hatchery Facilities1.Maturation Tank: The shape of the tank either be circular, Rectangular or oval. The tank capacity with 5-40tons with depth of 1.2-2m.Maintaning ablated shrimp in maturation tanks would ensure a constant supply of gravid females.2.Spawning tanks: The shape of the tank circular with a flat or conical shaped bottom. The tank capacity with 50 lit to 1.5 tons. The tanks are used to temporality hold the gravid females until spawning.3.Larval rearing tanks: Two types of rearing tanks used to rear the newly hatched larvae-

1.Small tank system-in southeast Asia with 3 tons capacity.

2.Larger tank system –in Japan with more than50 tons capacity.

Contd.

4.Live food culture tanks: In mass cultivation

of live food organism size of the tank ranges from 1-2 tons.5.Water storage and filtration tank: The water storage tank are normally elevated to effectively distribute water by gravity to the hatchery. When the water is turbid then filter chamber is necessary .

There are two types of filter system-

1.Gravity filter2.Reversing filter

6.Aeration:Aeration is essential during the entire larval rearingprocess in maintaining DO concentration. it also help inreducening ammonia content in the water.

7.Sea water supply and piping system:

If the water is relatively clear then the water can be pumpeddirectly into overhead filter tank and stored in storage tank .Theturbid water pumped first into sedimentation tank and the clearwater on the top is pumped into the filter tank .

Depending 0n the size of hatchery anddaily water requirement:

1.Small hatchery –Submersible pump

2.Medium hatchery-Centrifugal pump

3.Large hatchery - Centrifugal pump

Marine pumps

Lay out and Construction: once the project site is selected andproduction target defined as an aerial survey of the proposed site will help

to determine the perimeter of the area. An aerial view would show

topographic characteristic such as river, mountain, shoreline etc.Layout of

the hatchery should provide a schematic design of the location and

integration of the various facilities such as building, bloodstock tank ,larval

rearing tank, nursery tank ,spawning tank ,pump house, air supply ,pump

house staff house,piping for water supply and drainage canals. the lay out

plan should include exact dimension locality shape and size of the said

facility . From the technical drawing owner can roughly estimate the cost of

the estimate .However estimation of construction cost should be done item

by item ,In total estimation labour cost should be included.

Conclusion......

In recent years the developed of shrimp

farming from a low level traditional subsistence

activity into a commercial enterprise has seen

tremendous transformation in the brackish water

sector. as shrimp is a valuable as well as high in

protein and command good export markets. About

10000ha of brackish water area is under shrimp

culture in India.

FAO FISHERIES TECHNICAL PAPER

AQUACULTURE AND FISHERY VISION

WWW.GOOGLE.COM

Thank You

…….