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Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

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Page 1: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

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Page 2: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

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Page 3: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

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Deeper and Deeper arrives as stand‐alone learning kit containing this Resource Binder, labelled envelopes and packages of materials, and additional resources for teaching the activities. The 30 activities are divided into three sections:

2015 English resource binder is being updated – Topic 4: Soils and Erosion

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Why the disconnect? Because the natural resources are not living, the raw materials looks very different from the finished product and most students have not seen a mine / quarry to know that if it is not grown, it has to be mined

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Page 6: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

What’s it made of? What are materials? Metals, ceramics, semi‐conductors, plastics, composites…  

Most things are made from many different kinds of materials

Our clothes are made of materials, our homes are made of materials ‐ mostly manufactured.  

Reinforces the key questions that are at the heart of the WHERE Challenge

‐ What on Earth is in your stuff?

‐ Where on Earth does it come from?

So, why the disconnect? 

Maybe because the natural resources are not living, the raw materials looks very different from the finished product and most students have not seen a mine / quarry to know that if it is not grown, it has to be mined.

Materials Science ‐ Defined as the study of the properties of solid materials and how those properties are determined by a material’s composition and structure. (VCSU, 2006)

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1. Compositional layers differ in chemical composition

‐ Crust (oceanic (thickness uniform, mafic composition) and continental (thickness varies, felsic to mafic composition) – low density silicates), mantle (ultra mafic, high density silicates), core (Fe, Ni, only layer of Earth that is a true liquid; outer part)

2. Mechanical layers differ in their strength or rigidity

Lithosphere (most rigid), athenosphere (flows easily), mantle (gradual changes in the rigidity)), lower mantle (flows somewhat, not a lot), [core‐mantel boundary also a compositional boundary], outer core, inner core (solid)

*The two ways of categorizing the structure of Earth are distinct from each other.

3. Mining happens at the crust

Eight of the ten deepest mines in the world are in South Africa

Two , are located in Ontario Canada, Kidd Creek and Creighton 

How deep are these mines? 2.5 – 4.0 km deep

http://www.mining‐technology.com/features/feature‐top‐ten‐deepest‐mines‐world‐south‐africa/

4. How do we know?

EQs and the tech used to monitor and measure energy propagating thorough the Earth tells us much about Earth’s interior. Seismology 

READI

The Real‐time Earthquake Analysis for Disaster Mitigation Network is a research project that leverages the 550+ station real‐time GPS super‐network in Western North America 

http://sopac.ucsd.edu/readi.shtml

See the shaking – Seismograph viewer

http://earthquakescanada.nrcan.gc.ca/stndon/wf‐fo/index‐eng.php

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Rapid Seismograph Viewer

The Rapid Earthquake Viewer (REV) gives you access to data from seismograph stations around the world. REV monitors the earth and posts information about recent earthquakes so you can see where they happened and view the seismograms from global seismograph stations for every notable earthquake.

http://rev.seis.sc.edu/

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Page 8: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

Richly endowed with natural resources, Canada ranks among the top five countries in the global production of 11 major minerals and metals (Mining Association of Canada, Facts and Figures 2014, details in Annex 4): 

• First in potash 

• Second in uranium and cobalt 

• Third in aluminum and tungsten 

• Fourth in platinum group metals, sulphur and titanium 

• Fifth in nickel and diamonds

http://mining.ca/documents/facts‐and‐figures‐2014

New Brunswick: 1 smelter Glencore, Brunswick

Provide teachers with the New Brunswick government commodities fact sheets 

http://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/energy/minerals/content/FactSheets.html

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Page 9: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

A set of activities that describe the different stages of mining is called the mining sequence. It is helpful to understand the mining sequence, as

each part of this sequence comes with different demands on communities, its people and the environment

The mining sequence:

Exploration

Development

Operations

Closure / Reclamation

*The 3R’s, remediation, rehabilitation and reclamation are on going

The mining cycle presents an opportunity discuss career pathways with your students – its never too early

From Red Seal training to advance  technical and management skills, there is something for almost everyone in the minerals industry

English ‐ www.acareerinmining.ca/en

French ‐ www.acareerinmining.ca/fr

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Page 10: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

New Brunswick operations of 2014

1. Glencore Canada Corporation Brunswick, Bathurst (Pb, Zn, Cu, Ag) 

2. Groupe Berger Ltée Baie‐Sainte‐Anne, Baie‐Sainte‐Anne (Vermiculite, perlite) 

3. Graymont Inc. Havelock, Havelock (Lime, limestone) 

4. Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan Inc. New Brunswick, Sussex (Potash, salt)

5. Brookville Manufacturing Company Brookville, Saint John (Dolomitic lime) 

6. Elmtree Resources Ltd. Sormany, Sormany (Limestone)

4 NRCan posters

Chart paper

Markers

Differentiate between the mine and the quarry with respect to process and economic value (e.g. hard rock vs. soft rock)

What are the benefits of mining natural resources?

What are the costs of mining natural resources?

Which mind has a larger footprint?

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Show and tell the materials that are needed and where the can be sourced

Caterpillar’s Ground Rules

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Topic 2 envelop with supporting print resources

Rock and Mineral concentration game

Insects – Making a fossil

Numerous Rock and mineral sample bags

NickelQuest DVD

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Page 13: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

Material:

• Provide teachers with 4 minerals are building blocks samples (Mica, Feldspar, Quartz, Granite)

• Based on current knowledge, observe and classify

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Photos sourced from www.geology.com 

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Have instruction cards and materials available

Rocks and Minerals Activity 7 

Compare two igneous rocks looking at the physical properties of grain size, vesicles (air bubbles), and colour.

• Igneous rocks

• Clear water container

• Water

• Activity Card (laminated)

Rocks and Minerals Activity 8 

Investigate the grain size of different sediments, and discover how this affects the rate the sediments settle in water.

• 1 set of various grain size containers

• Sedimentator

• Grain size chart

Rocks and Minerals Activity 10

Discover how granite, an igneous rock, is changed through heat and pressure to form gneiss, a metamorphic rock. 

Observe the change in physical appearance and how foliation is created in metamorphic rocks.

• Metamorphic rocks

• Pennies

• Play Doh

• Activity Card (laminated)

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Page 16: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

Identifying rocks is not an easy task especially for young students however given time to practice coupled with the understanding that geology has more grey are.as compared to black and white students can learn to pick up on clues the can use to support their guess

Sedimentary     Metamorphic      Igneous

Sandstone quartzite

Shale slate

Limestone marble

gneiss granite (intrusive, coarse grain, slow cooling)

rhyolite (extrusive, fine grain, vesicles, fast cooling)

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hard , shiny or angular pieces (crystals) ‐ both

Banding, stripes ‐ metamorphic

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"Rock Identification Answer Key": http://www.haikudeck.com/p/pCGcN0wUpl

• Rock Discovery bag (9)

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"Mineral Discovery": http://www.haikudeck.com/p/lywGM0NexC

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Materials:

Earth Exploration Bags (no two bags are the same)

There is no in between. The contents of the bag must be assigned to one group or the other. 

Discuss with how your students might sort these samples

What challenges might they have?

What if you had completed this activity at the outset, do you think your classification scheme would have been the same?

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Page 25: Deeper and Deeper Workshop hosted by Hampton Middle School

Students need to understand that they only have a small piece of a very large outcrop! That is why the samples are not uniform. 

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Material:

• 3D net Handout

• Glue, popsicle sticks, small plastic cups

• Scissors x 10

• Various decorating material

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Topic 1 envelop with supporting print resources

Magic School bus 

Don’t let the colourful hand‐drawn graphics fool you, there’s a lot of sophisticated science presented with in. Students may need some scaffolding. 

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1. Too often we take for granted that students are able to make the connection between origin of the natural resources and the production of items/materials we use daily. The Challenge shines a light on an emerging field, materials science. 

2. It is an opportunity to present an integrated approach to teaching (and learning)  incorporating science and technology, language and visual arts, geography and careers.

3. Feeds on our students natural curiosity and creativity as well as allowing for differentiated instruction.

4. Fosters stewardship and increased awareness of the sustainable resource use and importance of conservation.

5. Most important, it is fun way for students to learn and share lessons learned! 

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Added associated with this workshop:

• ongoing classroom support, access to Mining Matters publications posters, newsletters, activity books and more  (mailed to teacher free of charge [*subject to availability])

• Exclusive access funding for geoscience related excursions ‐ Field Trip Subsidy Program 

• Advance notification of PD opportunities related to geoscience i.e. PDAC Convention school group, Teacher Mining Tour, M4S, etc.

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