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This is a presentation given to LIANZA members, 19 May 2013.
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1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy4. Government policy5. Creative and cultural fields6. Students7. Search
Let's begin with the obvious
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
share teaching resources
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
share teaching resourcescollaborate
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
share teaching resourcescollaborate
save time and money
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
share teaching resourcescollaborate
save time and moneystop reinventing various wheels
Potential of digital technologies and the Internet to:
share teaching resourcescollaborate
save time and moneystop reinventing various wheels
disseminate our cultural heritage
However:Two problems
First problem: Copyright
Second problem: Teachers don't hold copyright to
their resources
Two solutions,but first....
1. Copyright
What is copyright?
Bundle of rights: copy, distribute, perform, adapt
Automatic(no © required)
*applies online*
Lasts for 50 years after death
But what is the purpose of copyright?
Statute of Anne, 1710: “For the encouragement of
learning”
USA Constitution:“To promote the progress of
science and useful arts.”
The commons is a public good+
People need an incentive to create
=Limited monopoly, i.e. copyright
=A vibrant culture
However...
Copyright the opportunities and problems of print culture
“Caxton Showing the First Specimen of His Printing to King Edward IV at the Almonry, Westminster,” by Daniel Maclise, 1851.
‘All Rights Reserved’ copyright restricts the potential of digital technologies and the Internet
What to do?
“Grayson, Westley, Stanislaus County, Western San Joaquin Valley, California. Seventh and eighth grade class in Westley school after lesson in Geography” 1940, US National Archives 83-G-41445, via Flickr. No known copyright.
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons
Public DomainFew Restrictions
Public DomainFew Restrictions
All Rights ReservedFew Freedoms
Public DomainFew Restrictions
All Rights ReservedFew Freedoms
Some Rights ReservedRange of Licence Options
Four Licence Elements
Attribution
Non Commercial
No Derivatives
Share Alike
Six Licences
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
More free More restrictive
Retain copyright: Creative
Commons licence
permission in advance
“2500 Creative Commons Licences” by qthomasbower, via Flickr. Made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 licence.
Go to creativecommons.org/choose
Layers
Licence symbol
Human readable
Lawyer readable
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"<<img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/3.0/88x31.png" /<</a<<br /<This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/"<Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License</a<
However...
You can't apply a CC licence if you don't hold copyright
Teachers don't hold copyright to their teaching resources
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy
All teaching materials:Creative Commons Attribution
1. No need to ask permission
1. No need to ask permission
2. Keep resources when you leave
1. No need to ask permission
2. Keep resources when you leave
3. Teachers receive credit when their work is reused
Case studies at creativecommons.org.nz
“When I look outside at other schools, I think, why aren’t you
doing this?”Nathan Parker, Warrington
School
“Teachers are collaborating more, and they’re also involving
their students in the development of those teaching
and learning resources.”Mark Osborne, ASHS
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy4. Government policy
Beehive, Wellington, NZ. Creative Commons Attribution Non Commerical No Derivatives by stewartbaird by Flickr.
NZGOAL:Government guidance, approved
by Cabinet
NZGOAL:
a)Provides a framework for release using CC BY
a)Advocates release using CC BY
2. “It is widely recognised, in New Zealand and abroad, that significant creative and economic potential may lie dormant in such copyright and non-copyright material when locked up in agencies and not released on terms allowing re-use by others.”...3. “The Government wants to encourage the realisation of this potential.”
BoTs are “invited” to:
1) become familiar with NZGOAL
2) take NZGOAL into account when releasing copyright material
Case Studies: Ministry for the Environment
Wellington City CouncilLINZ
Te Papa
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy4. Government policy5. Creative and cultural fields
“Tosca Olinsky, American painter, 1909-1984,” date unknown, Smithsonian American Art Museum J0115443, via Flickr. No know copyright.
i) New ‘Business Models’
Creative Commons licences allows for changes in:
1) production (new forms)
2) distribution (new channels)
3) consumption (read only → read/write)
Case Studies:
Meena KadriBronwyn Holloway-Smith
DisasteradioOpen Source Cinema
'Uttarayan Sunset' by Meena Kadri/Meanest Indian, via Flickr. This image is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives licence.
ii) Culture and Heritage
Many cultural works are in copyright but not commerical
viable
Where public money is involved, we advocate for open licensing
The infamous 'low hanging fruit.'
1. Public domain works→ use the 'public domain' mark
2. Materials with easy permissions→ CC friendly donors
3. Institution's own copyright→ release according to NZGOAL
iii) Public Funding
The taxpayer—via CreativeNZ, NZ On Air, etc—funds a lot of culture
Many publicly funded cultural works will not enter the public
domain till at least 2100
Creative Commons can give publicly funded work a second life
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy4. Government policy5. Creative and cultural fields6. Students
Banks College students playing leap frog. Wellesley College :Photographs relating to Wellesley College, Banks College and Croydon School. Ref: 1/2-147264-F. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington, New Zealand. http://natlib.govt.nz/records/22901144
Creative Commons is a great way to teach students about
copyright
Creative Commons shifts the conversation from what students
can’t do, to what they can.
Teach students to critically, creatively and legally engage
with their intellectual and cultural heritage
'read only' → 'read/write'
Mix & Mash 2013: The New Storytelling
mixandmash.org.nz
Prizes of $50, $500 and $2000
Screenshot of “Manny’s Story” by Casey Carsel, via Youtube. Made available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence
1. Copyright2. Creative Commons3. CC in schools policy4. Government policy5. Creative and cultural fields6. Students7. Search
Photograph of Card Catalog in Central Search Room, 1942, US National Archives, via Flickr. No
known copyright.
More than 700 million works
General: search.creativecommons.org
New Zealand: digitalnz.org
Media: commons.wikimedia.org
Photos from Flickr: flickr.com/creativecommons or compfight.org
Music: Jamendo.org
Public domain movies and music: archive.org
Video: vimeo.com/creativecommons
