Cold Chain Challenges in India_2013

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National Summit on

Cold Chain Emerging Trends and Market

Challenges

Synergy Hall, Hotel Taj Deccan, Hyderabad

6th February’2013

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“Real Time Tracking &

Traceability : An Automated Transport System”- Journey from

Farmland to the End-User

DSK Rao,

Director, GISPL AGRIBUSINESS KNOWLEDGE CENTRE(AKC)

(A PPP initiative between NAARM (ICAR) & Gyantech Information Systems Private Limited( GISPL) , Hyderabad)

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Agenda   India’s Agricultural Scenario   Linking Unorganized to Organized – Indian

Success Case Story   Issues in Replicating ANAND Success Case

Story to Agriculture   Storage & Transportation Technologies   Indian Centric Challenges & Suggested

Solution Models   Track & Trace Technologies & GISPL Pilots   Way Forward

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Success Case Story   Issues in Replicating Success Case Story to

Agriculture   Storage & Transportation Technologies   Indian Centric Challenges & Suggested


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India’s Agricultural Scenario India with 329 million hectares of geographical

area and 140 million hectares of cultivable land in 638,000 villages falling in 250,000 Panchayats in 616 districts of 28 states & 7 union territories with 15 Agro Climatic Regions and 127 Agro Climatic Zones capable of growing around 400 crops with around 4000 varieties by 125 million farmers of which 87 million farmers are poor and dependent on rain fed farming.

. With the RTF(Right-to-food) policy announced

by GoI, how do we feed the 1230 million population of India today and 1326 million by 2020 on a sustainable basis with 62% of it’s population dependent on Agriculture vis-à-vis 3% in developed countries

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India’s Agricultural Scenario The Challenge is how do we reach these 125 million farmers especially the 87 million

farmers who are small and poor and increase their productivity for their improvement and reduce spoilage & quality of Food to ensure Food Security. How do we enable backward & forward Chaining of agriculture produce?

Modern India has an Organized tech savvy

retail sector with a huge appetite for matured Supply Chain which needs to be fed by an Unorganized farming system!

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India’s Agricultural Scenario Unlike establishing Supply Chains and

forward / backward linkages for other commodities, agriculture produce has a great challenge due it’s perishable nature and need an entirely different approach in terms of it’s procurement, transportation, Storage and finally retailing.

GISPL/AKC has been studying on finding

solutions to the Indian Scenario for the last 3 years which is very much different from that of developed countries

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India’s Agricultural Scenario India’s food grains production itself is about

250 million MT. It is very essential that we produce, protect,

preserve and bring to our plates the Food with least wastage.

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Success Case Story   Issues in Replicating Success Case Story to

Agriculture   Storage & Transportation Technologies   Indian Centric Challenges & Suggested


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Linking Unorganized to Organized – Indian Success Case Story GISPL/AKC has been working relentlessly to

formulate a Indian centric strategy to establish backward/forward linkages to the 400 different crops grown in India with about 4000 main varieties.

Fortunately, an excellent technology driven

model for procurement, transportation, storage / processing and distribution of a perishable item ‘Milk’ is available in the form

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Linking Unorganized to Organized – Indian Success Case Story ANAND, Gujarat. Technology driven milk

collection centers at the village level procure Milk from the Unorganized Villagers after ‘Testing’ for FAT Content & SNF and transported in chilled vans for ‘Pasteurization’ and processing which includes preparation of Value Added Products & making milk sachets to store them in cold storages and distributed in cold vans in a Organized manner!

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Issues in Replicating ANAND Success Case Story to Agriculture On scrutiny by GISPL/ AKC on why this

excellent model can not be replicated for Agriculture Produce, it is observed that the major bottleneck is in establishing the Unorganized - Organized interface equivalent of the ‘Milk Testing & Collection Centres’ for the 400 crops which are cultivated randomly to some extent by the farmers. Grading & Sorting and Quality Identification & Aggregation becomes a Challenge with fragmented uncontrolled current farming.

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Issues in Replicating ANAND Success Case Story to Agriculture Coupled with this, we also have different ‘optimum’ temperature & humidity levels for each of the agriculture produce. Handling & Transportation and associated Wastages also become important, especially in case of F&V items. Due to these factors, it may be interesting to know that the current 5400 storage facilities in the country with a capacity of 23.66 million MT which is about 9% of Food Production are partially utilized!

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Storage & Transportation Technologies Storage Technologies:   Warehouses, Godowns, Silos   Cold Storages with Multiple Chambers   Controlled Atmosphere Units   Vacuum Technologies   Open Yards (Risky) It is observed that the current technologies for Cold Storages is not

optimized for Energy Needs and use about 40% more energy. CA units, which involve pumping out oxygen and inserting some inert

gas like nitrogen are slowly entering Indian Markets

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Storage & Transportation Technologies Transportation : India lacks Cold vans/

carriages for long haul of Agriculture Produce, especially F&V, Meat Products, Fish & Sea Foods, Eggs etc

Coupled with this shortage is the bad

infrastructure in terms of Roads etc. The situation however is improving with improvements and Innovations for Indian Needs

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Storage & Transportation Technologies

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vQm: optimum protection

Once your food is insect free.. How to preserve it? vQm Packaging A unique vacuum packaging system for large volumes. -  no re-infestation -  no mould or funghi growth -  extended shelf-life -  not exposed to external environment

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Indian Centric Challenges & Suggested Solution Models India has it’s own typical challenges which

needs to be addressed to exploit it’s natural Agro Climatic & Soil advantages with a capability to produce 400 crops!

  Erratic Power Supply & Poor Road Conditions

  Fragmented Farms & Agriculture   Cooling Facilities & Refrigeration   Capital & Subsidy Schemes   MIS & Sensing Technologies

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Indian Centric Challenges & Suggested Solution Models GISPL/AKC have studied the existing Cold

Storages and find that they can be optimized to consume 40% less Energy thru Micro Processor based ‘Intelligent Cooling’ with some structural changes

GISPL recommends use of Solar Power Plants to run these ‘Optimized Cold Storages’

GISPL has identified Transport Vans with Zero energy cooling for transportation

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Track & Trace Technologies & GISPL Pilots GISPL has done several Pilots including   Automatic Vehicle Tracking using GPS   Automatic Vehicle Tracking using GPRS   RFID for Automatic Stock Identification &

movement from Warehouses   Chipless RFID for Packaging & automatic

sensing RFID technologies can further be modified for ‘Produce’ specific automatic sensing & identification

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Way Forward With individual small farmers quitting

agriculture due to it becoming economically unviable, GISPL is trying a Hub & Spoke Model as follows

  Educated Tech Savvy people entering the arena with Good Farm Management & GAP in Panchayats surrounding Mandals

  Establish Solar Powered Irrigation Pumps/ Moisture Conservation Methods

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Way Forward   Produce High Quality Produce as per the

Agro Climatic/ Soil/ Water support   Establish Optimized Cold Storages powered

by Solar Plants thereby setting up smaller capacity plants in the Mandals for Scale Of Operations & Aggregation

  Forward Link with Retail Chains / Processors   Use Sensing Technologies for Tracing &

Tracking Real Time   Manage thru Mobile based Monitoring

Systems

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Q & A

DSK RAO Director, Gyantech Information Systems Private Limited (GISPL) Hyderabad [email protected] Cell:9440051847

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Thank You

Education

Cold Chain Challenges in India_2013