Upload
bhatianirohit
View
225
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
1/36
Cold Chain and Export Opportunities
APEDAMinistry of Commerce and Industries
Government of India
9th December, 2009
PRESENTATION
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
2/36
Promotion of Export Oriented Production
Support for R&D and Quality Assurance
Fixing of Quality Standards and Specifications for the Scheduled
Products
Inspection & Certification of Processing Plants, Storage and
Transportation Points for Meat Products
Infrastructure for Transportation Handling and Storage
Improving Packaging of Products
Market Development and Promotion
Market Intelligence Undertaking Surveys & Feasibility Studies
Training in Various Aspects of the Scheduled Products Industries
APEDAs Mandate
(From Section 10 of the APEDA Act, 1985)
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
3/36
1. Fruits, Vegetables and their products
2. Meat and Meat Products
3. Poultry and Poultry Products
4. Dairy Products
5. Confectionery, Biscuits and Bakery Products
6. Honey, Jaggery and Sugar Products7. Cocoa and its Products, chocolates of all kinds
8. Alcoholic and Non Alcoholic Beverages
9. Cereal & cereal products
10. Groundnuts, Peanuts and Walnuts
11. Pickles, papads and Chutneys
12. Guar Gum
13. Floriculture and Floriculture Products
14. Herbal and Medicinal Plants
Products Monitored
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
4/36
Establishing India as a supplier of quality agro and
food products in the global markets.
Vision
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
5/36
Global Trade - 23431 Billion US$
Agriculture In Global Trade - 1554 Billion US$
% Share In Global Trade - 6.63 %
Major Agri Trade Players - USA ,Germany, France , UK , Japan
Agri Trade - Global Vs India
Value : (Billion US$)
Global India % Share
Agri Trade 1554 21 1.35
Agri export 751 14 1.86
Agri Import 803 7 0.87
Source: UN COMTRADE Year 2007
Macro Indicators
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
6/36
Globally India occupies a prominent position in productionGlobally India occupies a prominent position in production
Source: NHB
Vegetables
Others
54%
China
29%
Italy
1%
Iran
1%
Turkey
2%
Egypt
1%Japan
1%
USA
3%
Russia
1%
Spain
1%
India
6%
Fruit
Others
60%
China
11%
India
7%
Brazil
5%USA
5%
France
2%
Philippines
2%
Iran
2%
Mexico
2%
Spain
2%
Italy
2%
Commodity ProductionIndias Rank in
the World
Bananas, Buffalo Milk, Chick Peas, Ginger, Buffalo Meat, Lentils,Mangoes, Millet, Okra, Peas, Pulses, Sesame Seeds, Spices, Tea 1
Beans, Cabbages, Cauliflower, Eggplants, Garlic, Lemons/Limes, Dry
Onions, Pumpkins, Fresh Fruits, Fresh Vegetables. 2
Coconuts, Nutmegs, Potatoes, Rapeseed, Sorghum, 3
Oranges, Papayas, Pepper, Pineapples, Tomatoes 4
Indigenous Chicken Meat, Lettuce, Soybeans 5
Hen Eggs, Maize 6
Honey, Sunflower Seed, Walnuts, 7
Cantaloupes & Other Melons, Grapefruit & Pomeloes, 8
Sweet Potatoes 9
Apples 10Source: FAO
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
7/36
7
Share of Agri. Exports inTotal Exports from India
Value in US $ billion
Source : DGCI&S
2006-07 2007-08 2008-09
Total merchandise exports 127.35 159.25 183.01
Export of all agri. products 11.60 16.83 16.93
Export of products monitored by APEDA 4.86 7.93 7.50
Share in total merchandise exports 3.81 4.98 4.10
Share in all agri. exports 41.86 47.11 44.30
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
8/36
9 2 1 3
1 0 1 6 9
1 3 8 2 8
1 4 1 8 4
1 6 8 2 8
2 1 8 0 6
3 1 8 7 1
3 4 4 5 1
2 0 0 0 - 0 1
2 0 0 1 - 0 2
2 0 0 2 - 0 3
2 0 0 3 - 0 4
2 0 0 4 - 0 5
2 0 0 5 - 0 6
2 0 0 6 - 0 7
2 0 0 7 - 0 8
2 0 0 8 - 0 9
18783
Value Rs. Crores
Export of APEDA Products
Source : DGCIS
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
9/36
Export of Perishable produce requiring cold chain
Flriculture and Seeds
399.4
415
482.26
488.71
0 100 200 300 400 500 600
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
1697.39
2468.32
2437.11
4399.04
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
Livestock Products
3851.19
4118.56
6914.26
5129.26
0 2000 4000 6000 8000
2005-06
2006-07
2007-08
2008-09
Value in Rs. cro
Processed food is becoming high value with IQF
products which require Cold chain facilities
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
10/36
Cold Storages in India
1. 82% of existing cold storage capacity in the country is dedicated for potatoes
In North and Eastern states, which account for the largest production zone for potatoes,over 93% of cold storage capacities is dedicated for them
Cold storage for potatoes can cater to the temperature needs of only a small number ofproducts such as onions, apples
State/UT POTATOES
No. Capacity Distribution
Central 118 580832 4%
East 594 5225207 33%
North 1917 9574757 60%
North East 0 0 0%
South 3 0 0%
West 168 587284 4%India 2800 15968080
81.7%
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
11/36
State/UT MULTIPURPOSE
No. Capacity Distribution
Central 98 507109 16%
East 128 437597 13%
North 258 730425 22%
North East 38 108716 3%
South 291 873433 27%
West 260 608657 19%
India
1073 3265937
100%
16.7%
Only 16.7% of the total cold storage capacity is dedicated for Multi - purpose
Cold Storages in India
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
12/36
State/UT FRUITS & VEG.
No. Capacity Distribution
Central 4 2577 6%
East 0 0 0%
North 11 9733 22%
North East 0 0 0%
South 13 12950 29%
West 95 19157 43%
India123 44417
100%
0.2%
Only 0.2% of the total cold storage capacity is dedicated for fruit and vegetables
Largest share of the capacities are in the western region, probably due to the fact that most of theexports happen from the region
Cold Storages in India
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
13/36
Components of the Cold Chain
ColdChainInfrastructure
Stationary Storage facilities with Controlled Atmosphere
(CA) / Modified Atmosphere (MA) facilities
Pre-cooling facilities
Mobile
Special
Reefer trucks for road transport
Reefer Containers movement by rail
Reefer container exports by sea
Air Transport
Special facilities to improve the shelf life of the
products and increase its value
Sorting and grading facilities
Treatment facilitiesPackaging and Palletisation
Laboratories and R&D Centres
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
14/36
Existing Cold Chain and shortcomings
x At the national level, a cold chain exists only for
meat, dairy, frozen foods, since these business aredependent on a cold chain and exporters / players
are organized.
x A cold chain almost does not exist for fruit &
vegetables, lack of backward integrated cold
chain lead to underutilization of common
facilities
x Losses are highest at the farm level without
proper cold chain
x The existing chain breaks at all principal nodes
At farm level - Post Harvest Facilities
Storage - Cold Storages
Transportation - Reefer Transport
Collection
Centre
Intermediate
storage
Local Markets
Airport
Port
Foreign Market
A
BG
C
ED F
Production
Centre
Z
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
15/36
State of Transportation
x High transportation cost
x Indias international transportation costs are 20-30%
higher than their corresponding global counterparts International transportation costs account for over 51%
of CIF price while inland haulage account for another6%.
As a result Indian products are 5 to 15% moreexpensive than their foreign counterparts simply on thisaccount
3. Perishable products have an average shelf-life of
only a month, thereby time is a critical factor intrade
4. Given the current inefficiency in the logisticssystem, ratio of exports to domestic productionamong F&V is strongly correlated with the degreeof their perishability, i.e. onions
51.3%
4.7%5.8%
9.7%
9.9%
18.6%
International transport costs
Procurement cost
Exporter's margins
Grading & packaging costs
Inland transport, storage,
handling & wastage
Others
Total Delivery
Costs 57%
Contribution of elements of the supply chain to the CIF price
The World Bank
To become a successful exporter,
India needs become an efficient and
low cost mover and distributor of
commodities, i.e. India must lowerits high cost of logistics of about
10-14%, which are double the cost
of logistics in developed countries
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
16/36
Status of Transportation by Reefer Vans
1. Availability is low because producers do not use them due to high costs2. Costs are high since vans are in short supply as business is seasonal
3. The trickiest problem faced by truck operators is in catering to the seasonality
of horticultural produce (especially fruit), which keeps the operators solvent
from February to May. In the off seasons, reefers are able to haul goods only at
a sub-optimal rate
4. As per transport operators, the present costs of reefer transportation are
exorbitant Transport cost per MT/km is Rs. 6 for non-reefer trucks
Corresponding transportation cost per MT/km for reefer vans is Rs. 18-21!
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
17/36
State of Rail Transportation
x Indian Railways has been transporting agro commodities, primarily grain and pulses throughout itswidespread network in the country
x For the last 3 decades, Indian Railways has discontinued piece meal movement of agricultural
goods and prefers to transport goods by block rakes (40 wagons)
Although this has reduced turn around time 5-fold (from 30 days to 6 days)
However, time for a container rake to travel from Delhi to Mumbai is 48 hours.
x Currently, only bananas, mangoes and oranges are transported by non-reefer wagons
They can be transported almost raw and ripened later
x Indian Railways procured 10 reefer wagons for transporting F&V. However, none are being used
for F&V (no demand and/or unsustainable charges)
Reefer wagons based in Bangalore are currently being used by the pharmaceuticals industry
x Cost of freight transportation by rail is comparable to road transport costs. Not lower.
**As per Study conducted by ICRA Management Consulting for APEDA in 2005-6
8/8/2019 Cold Chain APEDA
18/36
State of Container Transport
1. Currently the level of cargo containerisation is
just over 16% as against over 50% globally
3. In the last five years, Indias reefer containerexports have risen to about 1.1 MT/year at anannual growth of 14%
5. As imports through reefers are very low (