1

Chapter 7 - Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Follow me on slideshare. http://www.slideshare.net/gohbangrui These slides are used in Singapore lower secondary History lessons to illustrate 'How did the local people respond to British rule after World War II'. . It aims to explain the riots which expressed anti-British sentiments after World War II after the British returned to Singapore. . Any feedback is welcome.

Citation preview

Page 1: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

How did the Local People respond to British Rule after World War II?

Chapter 7 Part 2

Page 2: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Overview of Chapter 7

Part 1Living Conditions after the war

Part 2Maria Hertogh and Anti-NS riots

Part 3RendelConstitution & 1955 Election

Page 3: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Maria HertoghRiots11th – 13th December 1950

Page 4: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Adeline Hertogh Petrus HertoghChe Aminah

Page 5: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Who were involved?

Maria Hertogh(Dutch Catholic

parents)

CheAminah

(Maria’s foster

mother)

Adeline Hertogh

(Maria’s natural mother)

TheMalay

Community

Page 6: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Born in Java in 1937 to Dutch Catholic parents.

Parents were imprisoned during the Japanese Occupation

Page 7: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Under the care of Che Aminah, Maria was raised as a Muslim.

Her name was changed to

Nadra.

Page 8: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

When Adeline Hertogh was released, she wanted her daughter back but Che Aminahrefused.

The case was brought to the High Court in Singapore.

Maria Hertogh was placed in the Social Welfare Department.

Page 9: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

The court ruled that Maria be

returned to her natural

parents.

May 1950

Che Aminahfiled an

appeal and the courts

decided that custody of

Maria Hertogh be returned to

Che Aminah

July 1950

Custody Battle

Page 10: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Under Che Aminah’s care, Maria was married to a Malay teacher, MansoorAdabi.

She was only 13 years old.

She thought that the marriage would prevent further attempts by the Hertoghs to get back their daughter.

August 1950

Page 11: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

November 1950The battle for custody continued.

The court ruled that Maria should be returned to her natural parents.

The Dutch law did not recognize Maria’s marriage as she was

under-aged.

Her natural father did not give

consent to the marriage.

2 Reasons

Page 12: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

This upset the Malay community as they felt that Muslim law was not respected.

Meanwhile, the court placed Maria in a Catholicconvent in Thomson Road.

Page 13: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

A Huge

Mistake!

Page 14: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Press was not banned from the grounds

Published controversial picturesof Maria Hertogh in the newspapers showing Maria surrounded by symbols of the Christian faith.

Deeply offended the Muslim community.

Page 15: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

11th December 1950Che Aminah appealed again for the custody of Maria Hertogh.

The court rejected the appeal within 5minutes.

The large crowd that gathered to hear the verdict at Padang started to riot.

Page 16: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Why did the riots take place?

Felt betrayed as they thought the British were taking sideswith the Dutch

Felt that the British were insensitive to the feelings of the Malay community

Felt discriminatedagainst and frustrated

Page 17: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Riot!

Page 18: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Any Europeanor Eurasian in sight was attacked.

During the riot,

Cars were overturned and burnt.

Page 19: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

days

Troops were called in to help maintain law and

order.

The situation was under control by

the 3rd day.

A curfew was imposed for two

weeks.

The riots continued.

Page 20: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Racial tension rose when different ethnic groups

failed to understand each other’s culture and customs.

18people killed.

173people injured.

The riots affected businesses and the economy in the country.

Page 21: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Maria Hertogh dies at 72 from leukaemia.

Page 22: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Anti-National Service Riots13th May 1954

Page 23: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Anti-National Service Riots

Who was involved? Chinese-educated students (mostly from Chung Cheng High School and Chinese High School)

Page 24: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

What happened?British colonial government introduced National Service. (All males aged 18-20 had to register by May 1954).

National Service

Page 25: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Students gathered in front of the Government House to protest peacefully against National Service.

Page 26: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

It became a riot when the police were called in to separate the crowd.

Page 27: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

It interrupted their education. (Students were

mostly 20 years old or above due to

WWII)

The students are unwilling to

defend the colonial government

Malayan Communist Party

encouraged the students to boycott

National Service.

Why? Secondary school students from Chinese schools were unhappy about National Service.

Page 28: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

Consequences

48students were

arrested.

Chinese students also became more politically aware.

26people injured.

Page 29: Chapter 7 -  Maria Hertogh Riot and Anti-National Service Riot

SummaryPart 2 – Maria Hertoghand Anti-NS riots

Riots clearly expressed anti-British feelings• Locals felt that the British were not sensitive enough to their needs and feelings.

Mar

ia H

erto

gh – Muslims law

ignored; betrayed by the British

Nat

ionl

Ser

vice

Rio

ts – Education of

Chinese interrupted; not willing to defend the colonial government