Chapter 2 “Cells”Section 1: “Cell Structure Pages

38 – 40

COMMON CELL TRAITS

A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

COMPARING CELLS

The size & shape of a cell relates to its function. (job it does)

Prokaryotic Cells(proh KAYR ee yah tihk)

cells without membrane-bound structures

EX: bacteria

pond scum

Eukaryotic Cells(yew KAYR ee yah tihk)

cells with membrane-bound structures

EX: animals, plants, fungi and protists

protects the cell gives shape is made of cellulose A cell wall is found in plants, algae, fungi, & most

bacteria.

CELL WALL

CELL MEMBRANE

Outer covering, protective layer around ALL cells

For cells with cell walls,the cell membrane is inside the cell wall

Allows food, oxygen, & water into the cell & waste products out of the cell.

CYTOPLASM

gelatin-like inside cell membrane constantly flows aka protoplasm

CYTOSKELETON

scaffolding-like structure in cytoplasm

helps the cell maintain or change its shape

made of protein

NUCLEUS

Directs all cell activities Contains instructions

for everything the cell does

These instructions are found on a hereditary material called DNA

Usually the largest organelle

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

separates nucleus from cytoplasm

controls movement of materials in & out of nucleus

NUCLEOLUS

Aka “little nucleus” Found in the nucleus

CHROMATIN

contains genetic code that controls cell made of DNA & proteins