BUILDING RESILIENCE BY STRENGTHENING GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTABILITY OF POST-

DISASTER RECOVERY IN INDONESIA: CASE OF ACEH

Dr. Suprayoga Hadi (yogahadi@gmail.com)Deputy Minister for Resources Development, Ministry of Disadvantaged Region

International Converence on Building Resilence for Food and Nutrition SecurityInternational Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 17 May 2014

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA MINISTRY FOR DISADVANTAGED REGION

Brief overview from Aceh-Nias Recovery Process2005 - 2009

1) The 1st experience to employ Damages and Losses Assessment for recovery strategy formulation, fully supported by the international community

2) Recovery strategies: outlined in the Master Plan for Aceh-NiasRehabilitation and Reconstruction (President Regulation 30/2005) and its completion under Presidential Regulation 47/2008

3) Centralized ad-hoc institutional arrangement (Agency for Rehabilitaion and Reconstruction/BRR) with multi-dimensional role: planning and resource mobilization, implementation, monitoring and evaluation from 2005-2009

4) Centralized management for restoring communities and social capital, rebuilding infrastructure, revising livelihoods and communicating the recovery progress

5) Innovation: a strong communication strategy for non-government resource mobilization, off-budget tracking MIS and asset-tracking MIS

6) Resource mobilized: Rp 35,36 trillion (National budget+on-budget external assistance), USD 685,15 million (committed Multi Donor Fund), USD 3,70 million (non MDF external assistance/off-budget)

7) Initially insignificant degree of participation of the line-ministries/agencies and provincial and local governments in Aceh and Nias, high degree of international attention and contribution, towards a gradually shifting the responsibility to the provincial and local government level

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National Medium-Term Plan (NMTP) 2005-2009 NMTP 2010-2014

President Regulations 30/2005 and 47/2008

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Action Plan 2010-2012

Accelerated Sustainable Development

16 Apr ‘09Apr ‘05 Dec’09Dec ‘08

BRRImplementation & Coordination

Line Ministries & Local GovernmentsExecution

Liquidation Team, PMU-RRI and PMU

of Line Ministries to sustaining BRR

mandates

BKRAN, BKRA, BKRN

Coordination

Kesinambungan RekonstruksiPenyelesaian Mandat BRRRekonstruksi

Stages toward Reconstruction Sustainability: Case of Aceh-Nias Recovery Process

2010 - 2012

2012

Mag

nitu

de o

f inv

olve

men

t

Stages from Reconstruction to Accelerated Sustainable Development

Transition –Reconstruction Continuation

2012-2014

Accelerated Sustainable Development

(Action Plan)

Local Governments,Line Ministries

Local Govs,Line Ministries

2010 2011

(Acelerated Development Plan)

“Interface” between Action Plan and Accelerated Development Scheme for Aceh and Nias Recovery Process

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1) Under the prevailing Law no. 24/2007, Government Regulation no. 21/2008, Government Regulation no. 22/2008 and Government Regulation no. 23/2009; the guideline for rehabilitation and reconstruction has been issued by National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) through BNPB regulation no. 11/2009

2) BNPB has authorized mandate to discharge the on-call financing from APBN source, based on needs for post disaster recovery

3) National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), Ministry of Finance and BNPB collaborate closely to mobilize APBN-sector funding for relevant line ministries through additional budget mechanism, and coordinate planning for Government Annual Workplan

4) To prevent delay for reconstruction, it was overcomed by: a) reconfiguring existing projects and programs in the disaster-affected area; b) drawing on government sources of financing; and c) mobilizing external assistance from donors and NGOs that can flow outside of the government budget to support government policies and programs

5) Bappenas leads the effort to mobilize external assistance through the Indonesian Multi Donor Fund Facility For Disaster Recovery and signing the MoU with The United Nations and the World Bank.

IMPROVING IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK AND GOVERNANCE FOR POST-DISASTER RECOVERY POLICY

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1. The simplicity of recovery framework has been adopted (with locality modification) at post-earthquake in West Sumatera (2007), and post-earthquake in West Java-Central Java (2009), West Sumatera (2009), Mentawai Island, and Merapi Eruption and lava flood (2010)

2. The existing public funding regulations and mechanisms does not allow a quick response to post disaster needs, except from the restricted “on-call” resources managed by the National Disaster Management Agency

3. Immediately after humanitarian relief, an interim intervention is required to address the on-going crisis for the provision of transitional shelter, water and sanitation, temporary health and education facilities, food allowance, protection etc. to the affected communities

4. A national post disaster recovery fund may be an alternative mechanism to address current and future disaster response in Indonesia, that should have the following features: (a) provide flexible financing instrument for systematic response to disaster, preferably for longer-term and future use if desired; and (b) focus on financing critical post disaster needs ie: housing, community infrastructure, livelihoods, disaster risk reduction, technical assistance for quality assurance, monitoring and evaluation

5. To fill-out the gap for interim intervention and scarcity of fund for longer term recovery, international assistance is required

IMPROVEMENT FOR FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF DISASTER RECOVERY FRAMEWORK

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LESSON LEARNED AND WAY FORWARDS

Since 2005 until 2012, a significant evolution is made on post disaster recovery management in Indonesia:1. Recovery policy incorporated disaster risk reduction and preparedness to

overcome possible future disaster, in alignment with Law no. 24/20072. Strengthening the local capacity for disaster management is become one of

the GoI priority under National Medium-term Development Plan 2010-20143. Disaster management agency has been established at central, provincial and

local level to lead and coordinate the pre-disaster, during and post disaster program implementation

4. Damage and Loss Assessment, Post-Disaster Need Assessment (PDNA) and Post-Disaster Recovery Action Plan adopted as reference for recovery implementation guideline

5. Partnership on external assistance is coordinated through the Indonesia Disaster Fund (IDF) mechanism; led and managed by the government, for effective resource mobilization and for filling the financing gap

6. Most importantly, on general perspective, recovery management responsibility has been decentralized through lesson-learned and best practices in Aceh-Nias, Yogyakarta-Central Java, West Java, West Sumatera from 2005-2012 period.

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Dr. Suprayoga Hadi, is Deputy Minister for the Development of Resources at the Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Regions, Republic of Indonesia. Before joining the Ministry for the Development of Disadvantaged Regions in June 2011, when he was assigned as Deputy Minister for the Development of Special Region until March 2014, he had been assigned as Director for Special Area and Disadvantaged Region from August 2005 until June 2011 at the Ministry for National Development Planning/National Development Planning Agency (BAPPENAS), Republic of Indonesia. His career at BAPPENAS began in 1990. He has various responsibilities for planning, programming and monitoring of the policies and strategies for disadvantaged region and special area development, and has been acknowledged as focal person on disaster reduction and recovery related issues, such as the rehabilitation and

reconstruction of post-disaster areas in Indonesia, particularly in post-disaster recovery process in Aceh and Yogyakarta, as well as post-conflict regions in Aceh, Papua and Maluku. Since 2006 he has been a focal resource person for disaster risk reduction policy initiatives in Indonesia, working with respective international donor agencies, such as the World Bank and UNDP, by which he has been appointed as the National Project Directors for many foreign-assisted disaster reduction and conflict recovery related projects. Along with his assignment as Government official of BAPPENAS and the Ministry of Disadvantaged Region, since 1992 he has been teaching as a lecturer in the graduate program of regional development planning at University of Indonesia in Jakarta. After he obtained his master degree in regional planning at Bandung Institute of Technology in 1990 and a bachelor degree in agricultural economics at University of Lampung in 1987, he enrolled in the doctoral program at University of Southern California in 1998, and obtained his Doctoral degree in Planning and Development Studies in 2002.

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