Breeding for Rust Resistance at the University of Minnesota

Jim Anderson Dept. of Agronomy & Plant Genetics University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN

Jim Kolmer, Matt Rouse, Yue Jin USDA-ARS St. Paul, MN

U.S. Wheat Production Regions

HRS SWW

HRW SRW

Wheat Breeding Priorities Agronomic Characteristics 1. Yield 4. Shattering 2. Lodging resistance 5. Kernel color 3. Test Weight 6. Pre-harvest sprouting resistance

Diseases 1. Fusarium head blight (scab) 4. Bacterial Leaf Streak 2. Leaf Rust 5. Leaf Spotting (Tan Spot, Septoria’s) 3. Stem Rust 6. Stripe Rust

7. Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus

Bread-Making Quality Characteristics 1. % protein 4. Flour Water Absorption 2. Mixing Properties 5. Kernel Hardness 3. Loaf Volume 6. Milling Yield

7. Percent Flour Ash

University of Minnesota Wheat Breeding Timeline

Year Generation No. (Loc.) 1 Crossing/F1 300

F2 (300 x 1000) 300,000

2 F3 Winter Nursery 30,000

F4 Headrows 24,000 (2)

3 F5 Scab 2,400 (2)

4 Winter Nursery 1,000

Prelim. yield trial 550 (2-3)

5-6 Adv. yield trial 170 (8-10)

7-9 MN Variety trial 10 (12)

Lr, Sr FHB Quality

Prot/TWT/Mixo

+ flour color

+ bread bake

Same as AYs

Use of Markers

1. Parental Characterization 2. Enrichment of BC1F1’s and 3-way crosses

3. Screen all F6’s (~1,000 lines) with 12 markers

RR

Rr

rr x

rr x

Rr rr or

RR

Rr

rr x

RR x

RR Rr or

High Priority Genes

Fusarium Head Blight (2 genes) High Molecular Weight Glutenins (2–3 genes) Stem Rust (esp. Ug99–effective genes) Leaf Rust (Lr34) Waxy Grain Protein (GPC–6B) Tan spot (Tsn1) Reduced height (Rht1 and Rht2)

Crossing Parent Marker Database

Leaf Rust Mapping/Crossing Targets

•  “Durable” resistance with combinations of Lr13 + Lr16 + Lr23 + Lr34 •  Ulen/Thatcher •  AC Taber/Thatcher •  RB07/Faller

•  both have defeated gene Lr21, but RB07 less receptive as adult plant

•  Introgressing: •  Lr52, Americano 44d (Uruguayan landrace)

Backcrossing Ug99-Effective Genes

•  Preliminary yield trials of “NIL” lines in 2013 •  Funded by MN AES Rapid Response Project

“Forward” Breeding Ug99-Effective Genes (F4 Headrows in 2013)

“Forward” Breeding Ug99-Effective Genes (F4 Headrows in 2013)