Analogical Process

Reasoning falls under the big umbrella of problem solving.

Reasoning The process of logical thinking or problem solving.

Inductive reasoningDeductive reasoning Syllogism reasoning

Problem solvingIs a process used in discovering the correct and ideal solution to the problem.

Judy and her dog run on the beach every morning.

They run 8 kilometers daily. If they have been running for 35 days now, how many kilometers have they already ran?

How do we solve the problem?

1. What is asked?The total distance in kilometer ran by Judy and her dog.

How do we solve the problem?

2. What are given?8 kilometers daily, 35 days

How do we solve the problem?3. What is the operation to be used?

Multiplication

How do we solve the problem?Perform the operation and write the complete answer.

35 x 8

4

028 Kms. –the total distance ran by Judy and her dog in 35 days

Analogue Is a referent or equivalent cognitive information in the brain that can easily be accessed or mapped when needed.

Analogical ProcessOr Thinking

It refers to our ability to detect important

similarities between two things.

Analogical ReasoningIs a kind of thinking in

which we identify similarities between

current information and some information

acquired in the past.

Two Processes Involved in Analogical Thinking

1. Access Involves retrieval of a familiar analogue or other information from long term memory when presented with a novel problem.

2. Mapping It involves discovering which elements of the novel problem correspond to elements in the stored analogue.

Analogical ReasoningIs a pervasive and

powerful process of solving problem in

which we use different tools available in the

environment.

LEARNINGLearning is the process whereby knowledge is created throughthe transformation of experience.

Learning is like making this… Learning is like making this…

…into this.

Knowledge is created...

…through the transformation of experience.

Collecting sun rays Absorbing water

Absorbing nutrients

Specific categories of tools in

Analogical Reasoning1. Symbolic Reasoning2. Self-created tools3. Measuring tools

1. Symbolic RepresentationAre widely useful in solving problems.

Example:mapsmodelspictures

2. Self-created tools

Are novel symbolic toolsused for solving problem.

3. Measuring tools

Are very common in our Subjects in school.Example:

protractorrulerthermometer

More analogies = More learning

More light bulbs go on!

Prepared by:Ma. Antonette P. de

Castro