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This slideshow defines deductive qualitative analysis and describes some of its procedures. Deductive qualitative analysis is a way of testing theory qualitatively. it is important for graduate students and researchers seeking funding because DQA starts with research and theory, a requirement for dissertation committees and funders. The product is a grounded theory and descriptions of human phenomena from informants' points of view. This method brings the experiences of informants into public dialogue.
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An Introduction to Deductive Qualitative Analysis
Jane F. Gilgun, Ph.D., LICSWProfessor, School of Social WorkUniversity of Minnesota, Twin Cities, USASocial Work DayInternational Congress on Qualitative Inquiry24 May 2014
Topics
DQA Defined Advantages of DQA to Graduate Students Crafting a Preliminary Focus Components of the Conceptual Framework Methods for Testing Hypotheses Data Collection & Analysis Ethical Issues Dissemination References
Definition of Deductive Qualitative Analysis
A way of using theory from the beginning of research projects– As hypotheses to test and/or– Sensitizing concepts
Theory-guided research
Increasing numbers of researcher use theory upfront in qualitative research but there is no name for this
Definition of Deductive Qualitative Analysis
As Theory TestingTheory is developed and tested systematically so as to include a wide variety of cases that show patterns & not one dominant themeProduct is a pattern theory that has been tested and revised multiple times
Definition of Deductive Qualitative Analysis
As Theory-Guided Research Existing research and theory gives focus to a study
– Researchers start with a focus that sensitizing concepts give
Sensitizing concepts help researchers see what they might not otherwise have noticedResearchers seek to add dimensions to sensitizing concepts or, if evidence warrants, discard them in favor of new concepts that fit the emerging analysis
Source of the Theory to be Tested
Previous research & theory Professional experience Personal experience Knowledge of persons and situations that are
the focus of theory Values and ethics
Sensitizing concepts from same sources
General Proceduresof Deductive Qualitative Analysis
Begin with preliminary theories and/or concepts only
Test – the theories– The viability of concepts
Revise – the theories– Dimensions of the concepts; may discard in favor
of others
Advantages
Efficient way to do qualitative research– Great for disserations
Your professors want to know what you intend to do
Funders do, too Writes-up facilitated
Preliminary Focus
A topic that interests you Write out your own ideas Preliminary interviews Read related research and theory
Write a Reflexivity Statement
Topic: your preliminary ideas about itWrite whatever comes to mindCover the following areas
– Your personal experience with the topic– Your professional experience with the
topic
Write a Reflexivity Statement Cont’d
– Why the topic interests you– Who would you interview or observe– What issues arise when you chose to do research
on these particular persons and settings How do you see informants How do informants see you?
– Your sense of cultural beliefs and practices– Whatever else fits– What you want to use the research for
Principles of Data Collectionand Analysis
Sources of Codes– From conceptual framework/sensitizing concepts– From the act of coding transcripts/documents
Coding--– Open– Axial– Selective– Or other
Importance of Multiple Coders/Points of View
Negative Case Analysis
Recommended: First select similar cases Then seek cases that differ from those
already research to maximize variations– Purpose is
to describe patterns For some researchers, also to interpret and make
theoretical statements about the patterns
Basics of Interpretations
“Thick Description” is first Your interpretations follow Then, write about how your findings fit with,
add to, or undermine existing research and theory
Dissemination
State how you will let others know about the research – Create programs– Write articles: journal & internet publishing– Suggest policy – Create performances/songs/poetry– Do workshops– Have websites– Present conference papers
Summary
Understanding is key Find a focus Engage your whole self (reflexivity) Description is the foundation Then interpret, connect to existing
knowledge, theorize Awareness of ethical issues Know what you want to do with findings
References
Angell, Robert A. The family encounters the depression. New York: Scribner.
Becker, Howard (l953). Becoming a marihuana user. American Journal of Sociology, 59, 235-242.
Becker, Howard (1999). The Chicago School, so-called. Qualitative Sociology, 22(1), 3-12.
Gilgun, Jane F. (2014). Chicago School traditions: Deductive qualitative analysis & grounded theory. Amazon.
Gilgun, Jane F. (2013). Coding in deductive qualitative analysis. Amazon.
References
Gilgun, Jane F. (2012). Enduring themes in qualitative family research. Journal of Family Theory and Review, 4, 80-95.
Gilgun, Jane F. (2005). Qualitative research and family psychology. Journal of Family Psychology,19(1), 40-50.
Gilgun, Jane F. (2014). Writing up qualitative research. In Patricia Leavy (Ed.). The Oxford handbook of qualitative research methods. New York: Oxford University Press.
Gilgun, Jane F. (in press). Social work-specific research and theory building. In William Nichols (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences (2nd ed). New York: Elselvier.
