CHAPTER 9:HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

CH 9© 2015 SAGE Publications

Human Resources Management

Harassment• Harassment- Unwelcome conduct that is based on race,

color, religion, sex (including pregnancy), national origin, age (40 or older), disability or genetic information

• Sexual harassment- Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature

Job Analysis• Job analysis

• Determines what a position entails and the qualifications needed to staff the position

• Job description • Identifies the tasks and responsibilities of a position

• Job specifications • Identifies the qualifications needed by the person who is to fill a

position

Attracting Employees• Recruiting is the process of attracting qualified

candidates to apply for job openings• Internal recruiting• External recruiting

Internal recruiting• Internal recruiting involves filling job openings with

current employees or people they know• Promotions from within• Employee referrals

External recruiting• External recruiting involves filling job openings with

applicants outside the organization• Walk-ins• Educational institutions• Agencies• Advertising

The Selection Process• Application Form• Screening Interviews• Testing• Background and Reference Checks• Interviewing• Hiring

Orientation• Introducing new employees to the organization and

their jobs • Most orientations emphasize corporate values, culture

and strengths• Description of organization and department functions • Specification of job tasks and responsibilities • Explanation of standing plans• A tour of the building(s)• Introduction to coworkers

Training and Development• Training is the process of teaching employees the skills

necessary to perform a job • Development is the ongoing education to improve skills

for present and future jobs

Off-the-Job and On-the-Job Training

• Off-the-job training is conducted away from the work site. A common method is vestibule training • Vestibule training develops skills in a simulated

setting• On-the-job training is done at the work site with

the resources the employee uses to perform the job

Job Instructional Training

Job Evaluation• Job evaluation

• Determining the worth of each job relative to the other jobs within the organization

• Comparable worth is the principle that jobs that are distinctly different but that entail similar levels of ability, responsibility, skills, and working conditions, are of equal value and should have the same pay scale

Benefits• Benefits are various nonwage compensations provided

to employees in addition to their normal wages or salaries

• Legally required benefits include workers’ compensation to cover job-related injuries, unemployment compensation to provide for employees who are laid off or terminated, and Social Security for retirement.

Health and Safety• Companies must meet safety standards set by the U.S.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), maintain records of injuries and deaths due to workplace accidents, and submit to on-site inspections

Unions and Labor Relations• A labor union is an organization that represents

employees in collective bargaining over wages, benefits, and working conditions with the employer

• Labor relations are the interactions between management and unionized employees

• Collective bargaining is the negotiation process resulting in a contract between employees and management that covers employment condition

The Union-Organizing Process

Terminating Employees• Attrition: occurs when employees leave for other jobs,

elect to stop working for a period of time, or retire• Firing: employees who do not perform to standards or

violate serious rules should be fired • Layoffs/downsizing: employees can also lose their jobs

due to company layoffs or downsizing based on a retrenchment strategy