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Hardware - OS course @ Telerik Software Academy
5 Boot process
Marian MarinovCEO of 1H [email protected]
Borislav VaradinovSystem Administratorbobi [ at ] itp.bg
Local boot processHDD
CD
USB
Boot loaders
Remote bootingWith local drives
Without local drives
Hardware initialization Find all storage controllers
Initialize all storage controllers
BIOS storage search Depending on the BIOS boot priority list Hard Disks
CD
USB
Floppy
Network
Identify bootable device
Search for boot loader
Copy the loader into memory
Search the first 1024 bytes
If partition table is found, search for the first PRIMARY partition marked as BOOT
Search the first 1024 bytes of the partition
Load the boot loader into memory
Set the Instruction Pointer to the beginning of the boot loader binary
LILO
GRUB/GRUB2
SYS/ISOLINUX
uBoot
PXElinux
Boot loaders
LILO Direct block offset to the kernel
The loader and its configuration is written directly in the MBR
Support for serial console
Kernel parameters prompt
Boot loaders
/etc/lilo.confimage = /boot/bzImage-3.8.2-terion root = /dev/sdb2 label = Terion-3.8.2 read-only
GRUB/GRUB2 Only the base loader data is written in the MBR, everything else is read from the device
Dynamic configuration
Shell like command prompt
Support for serial console
Support network loading of binaries
Boot loaders
GRUB
/boot/grub/menu.lsttitle CentOS (2.6.32-279.14.1.el6.x86_64) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.14.1.el6.x86_64 ro root=/dev/sda4 crashkernel=auto SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 KEYTABLE=us initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-279.14.1.el6.x86_64.img
Boot loaders
GRUB2
menuentry 'Fedora (3.7.6-201.fc18.i686)' --class fedora --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { load_video set gfxpayload=keep insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root f098d5f7-abf7-4161-966b-b265c6179abe echo 'Loading Fedora (3.7.6-201.fc18.i686)' linux /vmlinuz-3.7.6-201.fc18.i686 root=UUID=c567e7ef-eb7e-4ced-8c21-64d1075eb72e ro rd.md=0 rd.lvm=0 rd.dm=0 KEYTABLE=us quiet SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 rhgb rd.luks=0 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /initramfs-3.7.6-201.fc18.i686.img}
Boot loaders
ISO/SYSLINUX Mainly used for live/install CD/USB
Static configuration
No command prompt
Boot loaders
uBoot Developed entirely for embedded devices
EVERYTHING embedded runs this
Configuration similar to SYSLINUX
Boot loaders
Optional (boot)ROM Currently implemented directly in the BIOS on almost all new hardware
With local storage
Without local storage
Network Boot
Network Boot
DHCP ServerBIOSOptional ROM
Acquire IP address
TFTP Server
Load Network boot loader
Boot loader
Kernel
Load OS Kernel
Boot process
http://academy.telerik.com/student-courses/software-technologies/os-windows-linux/
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