•Module 8 - Process Management

1. Linux boot loader

2. Linux boot process

3. Linux processes

4. Linux services

5. Linux top

6. Remember proc ?

7. Linux Device Management

8. Linux Massages log

9. Schedule tasks with cron

Process Management

•/boot directory•How to configure the grub boot loader using grub.conf

Linux boot loader

• the init process and the boot flow• Linux run levels• /etc/init.d• the init command• changing default run level /etc/inittab• Booting into single mode from the boot-loader

menu

Linux boot process

• Find a process with ps

# ps aux

# ps –ef

• Kill a process with kill

# kill -15 PID

# kill -9 PID

Linux processes

•System-V Scripts•The Init directories•rc.local•The chkconfig command

Linux services

•top•free•the /proc directory

Linux Top

•dmesg•kudzu•lsmod•lspci•lsusb

Linux Device Management

• /var/log/massages is the main kernel log

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: iscsi: registered transport (be2iscsi)

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: 8021q: adding VLAN 0 to HW filter on device eth0

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: e1000: eth0 NIC Link is Up 1000 Mbps Full Duplex, Flow Control

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready

Jul 7 14:20:59 NX102 kernel: scsi1 : iSCSI Initiator over TCP/IP

Linux Massages log

Schedule tasks with cron

# crontab -l

# crontab -e

30 13 * * * /home/ilanit/ort.sh > /dev/null 2>&1

cron daemon

1. Go to run level 3

2. Find your current run level

3. set your default init to 3

4. reboot and enter single mode, then change the run level back to 5.

5. Open a firefox browser, find the browser PID and kill it gently.

6. find all the services set to run in run level 5

7. set the cups server to start at all relevant levels

8. set the linux firewall not to start at all run levels

Exercise

9. create a new title in the boot loader and call it Linux-Your-Name

10. Set this to be the default title.

11. Set the boot loader count down to 10 seconds

12. Add a new Virtual Hard Drive (1GB) to the VirtualBox Linux guest.

13. Reboot and check with dmesg to locate this new disk.

14.Create a cron job that will run every day at 12:30 past midnight (AM) and will look for files with 777 perm and save a list of the files under /tmp

Exercise

Exercise

15. Create a list of all linux usb and pci devices.

16. issue the lsmod mode and examine the output, do you see the Bluetooth driver loaded ?

17. what is this file ?

# /etc/sysconfig/hwconf

18. Can you manually run kudzu ?

19. How many processes are currently running ?

20. Open 6 firefox browsers. can you kill them all In one single command ?

21. How can you count the linux cpu cores in one command ?

cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep -i cores | tr -s " " | awk '{print $4}' | wc -m

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