GoN/RELIEF AND REHABILITATION PROGRAMS IN THE AFFECTED AREAS CAUSED BY KOSHI

BARRAGE EMBANKMENT DAMAGES

(UNOFFICIAL TRANSLATION: ONLY FOR THE INTERNAL USE PURPOSE)

Unofficial Translation by:

Raj K PANDEY, MBA, MA

5 October 2008

Kathmandu, Nepal

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SECTION-1

BACKGROUND

On 18 August 2008, Saptakoshi River damaged its embankment and changed its regular path, which has shifted towards the eastern belt. Approximately 6,000 hector of agro-field has been ruined. It is estimated that nearly 100,000 general people have been displaced, out of them, nearly 50,000 are taking shelters in the various schools, government offices and other public places and remaining 50,000 are temporarily living in the houses of their relatives.

Subsequently, it has ruined properties of millions of rupees. Similarly, approximately 14 kilometer of road at Laukahi-Koshi Barrage Sector in different places under the East-West Highway has been badly damaged; where river is flowing in these days which has completely halted the transport service.

If rainfall in the eastern hilly region is not decreased, then the volume of water in the river also will not be reduced, which will make more difficult to estimate the actual physical damages. It is also difficult for the smooth operation of the transport service to link the East and West part of Koshi, particularly until construction of the embankment. Albeit, to some extend, various alternatives can be sought to ease the regular transport service in that affected area.

It may take some more additional days to acquire the actual data of the damage in the affected areas even though on the basis of a preliminary estimation collected from the different government agencies, flowing losses have been found and accordingly relief and rehabilitation programs have been designed.

SECTION-2

ACTUAL STATUS OF DAMAGES

Damages in the Fertile Land and Productivity

According to preliminary estimation, it has been noticed that Sripur, Haripur, West Kusaha, Laukahi VDCs of Sunsari district, where more than 10,000 households and their families have been affected. Additionally, several livestock have been displaced towards the Portaha, Bhardaha, Joganiya and Badagama VDCs of the Saptari district. At present, as reported by the Sunsari and Saptari District Livestock Service Offices, nearly 55,000 livestock have been affected and out of them 6799 died. The data compilation process has been on going in the different places consequently it is estimated that the number might be increased in the days to come. Moreover, besides above, other VDCs such as Narsing (ward number 2,3,4,5,6,7,8), Basantapur (5,6,7,8) Bhokaraha (5,6,7), Ghuski (2,3,4) and Harinagar VDC (nearly 25% of land has been descended). And, the data collection of the damages in these places has been on process so far.

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In merely above 4 VDCs, it has been estimated that approximately worth 180 millions of rice, 45 millions of jute, 25 millions of vegetables, 25 millions of fish, 7.5 millions of banana and sugarcane has been ruined.

In this way, the total damages in those VDCs are estimated to be approximately worth of NRs. 300 millions. On the other hand, total number of died 6,799 domestic cattle equivalents to nearly 30 millions of worth. And, additional data compilation process is still on going in the affected areas. Similarly, daily milk production, which is equivalent to NRs. 80 thousands, has also been stopped.

Human Loss and Displacements

The Koshi embankments’ spar number 12-10 and 12-90, at Western Kusaha VDC-4, was completely damaged, which destroyed the main barrage. Subsequently, the mainstream gush of the river entered towards the Western Kusaha, Sripurjabdi, Haripur, some parts of Laukahi and neighboring other VDCs of Sunsari district.

As a result, those VDCs were completely sunk and local residents were seriously affected who have been displaced. Local households, road transport (national highway and local roads) irrigation canals, drinking water supplies, local communication, industries, agro-crops, domestic animals, including livelihoods and physical infrastructures have been dismantled and interrupted. 7 persons have been died so far.

It has been arranged temporary camps for those displaced people in the peripheries of Sunsari district headquarters in 29 public schools and buildings. Total 4,630 households (27,378 persons) were provided immediate response for shelters. Similarly, those displaced people who migrated towards the border of the Saptkoshi Barrage, have been provided shelters in the 4 temporary camps, where 3,260 families (21,140 persons) are dwelling in the Saptari district.

In both the camps, 7,890 families (48,518 persons) are taking shelters so far and some percentages of them also include the Indain citizens. (Indian citizens are provided only humanitarian cooperation as per internationals norms). It is necessary to provide special attentions to the camp dwellers particularly the children, women (maternities/pregnant) and elderly citizens. Similarly, it is estimated that approximately 50,000 of displaced people have been taking shelters in their relatives.

It is difficult to retain a huge number of displaced people for a longer period in the local schools, campuses and public buildings. They cannot be properly managed due to limited available physical infrastructures, health status, daily hygiene, security, psycho-socio effects and other several reasons and prospective. As a result, the regular classes of the children are also likely to be indefinitely disturbed.

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Damages of Physical Infrastructures under Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR)

Irrigation

Sunsari-Morang Irrigation Project’s Haripur Branch Cannel’s 9 kilometers sector has been completely dented.

Irrigation Sector Project’s Galfuria, western Kusaha and Haripur projects have been completely damaged.

Two numbers of farmers managed irrigation systems – Kisti and Aruwa streams have been dented.

Forty numbers of soil tube wells (STWs) have been damaged. Total 3,645 hectors of land would have no irrigation facilities.

Damages under the Water Induced Disaster Control Office

Constructed under the Agencies of the Government of Nepal

Partial damages in the 8, 11, 12 and 13 RD’s spur of the Chatara area.

Physical Infrastructures under the Maintenance and Operation from Indian Side

Koshi Project’s 12 kilometer above eastern embankment 1,100 meter damaged and nearly 90% mainstream entered towards the rural settlements.

12.1 and 12.9 RD’s two spurs washed away 2 spurs are at risk at the right above and below of the damaged embankments 26.4, 26.8 and 27.1 RD’s spurs are partially damaged

Electricity

60 Megawatt of electricity supplies (from India) has been badly disrupted and cut-off under the 132 KV Transmission Line due to dismantle of 12 number towers at Kusaha.

Total 25 kilometer distribution systems under 33 KV and 11 KV Transmission Extension Line have been damaged.

12 Electricity Transformers of different capacities have been damaged.

Damages Under Road Transport, Water Supply and Physical Works (Ministry of Physical Planning and Works (MoPPW)

The Koshi has crossed the East-West highway and flowing towards the western belt in THE new way and direction, which has hugely damaged the highway.

Highway kilometer 118 at Laukahi has been washed away (50 meter of road). where the river is flowing in these days.

Highway kilometer 119+800 at Kusaha Chowk, 100 meter road has been damaged where huge quantity of water is flowing

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Highway kilometer from 120 to 124 sectors, at three different places, in an average 150 meters and total 450 metes of road has been washed away and there has been created a gorge by and for Koshi River.

From Kusaha to Bhantabari (Kilometer 133), at different places, all together four kilometer of blacktopped road is under the deep water.

At different places, altogether 40 meter pipe culvert, 50 meter slabs culvert and 13 meters of medium sized Jamauna bridge has been damaged.

Water Supply and Sewerage

It has been difficult for the supply of drinking water for the displaced folks, which has also created a challenge for the sewerage and hygiene management. Consequently, there is a risk for an epidemic spreading across the temporary settlements.

Habitat

The displaced people are living in 38 different temporary camps including in the houses of relative in a very difficult circumstances.

Ministry of Health (MoH)

The flood damaged three Sub-Health Posts. Due to this crisis, 19,254 and 9,335 persons became sick and under going treatment in Sunsari and Saptari districts respectively. The major illnesses that appeared are mainly diarrhea, respiratory endemic, skin allergy and ear related problems.

However, no severe epidemic has been reported in any flood-affected areas so far. It has been reported that total seven persons have been died due to several illnesses although it is not during the treatment period in the camps.

It has been arranged referral provision for safe deliveries of pregnant women but there is more need of proper management. Furthermore, it is also necessary to arrange medication service for the fertility health, immunization service, germ control, treatment for the chronic tuberculosis patience, etc.

As there is no proper arrangement for dwelling in Saptari district and there is also lacking proper infrastructures around the camps.

There are no enough facilities in the camps for the settlements, meals, solid-waste and excretion disposal, sanitation and sewerage management. There are no sufficient drinking water supplies particularly among the displaced people of Saptari.

There are no adequate toilets in the camps on one hand, and no use of the existing toilets is another problem on the other hand. Due to these several reasons, there is likely to be food-induced, air-induced, water-induced and germ-induced epidemics in the future.

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Education (Ministry of Education and Sports: MoES)

Detailed Damages in School Buildings, Furniture and Students SN

Types of School School Qty

School Building and Furniture Students Number

1 Community 17 17 Schools 7,548 affected2 Private 13 13 School Buildings and furniture 1,585 affected3 Muslim’s Musk 06 06 Buildings and furniture 500 affected4 Community Managed Child

Development Centers 24 24 Centers and their furniture -

Details of affected schools due to flood-victims temporary resettlements

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Type of School School Qty

StudentQty

1 Community 15 10,5002 Madarasha/Muslim Musk 7 -3 Campus 1

Telecommunication (Ministry of Information and Telecommunication: MoITC)

The Optical Fiber Cable Network, which was installed in the corridor of the highway by cooperation of the Government of India, has been completely damaged. Subsequently, telephone exchange, power plant, MDF, transmission system, CDMA Base Station, etc. have been sunk under the water so far which has interrupted and halted the telephone service (PSTN) in that region.

SECTION-3

THE ONGOING RESPONSES

Agriculture

Temporary 1 and mobile 3 camps have been established so far in the Bhardaha, Saptari. Currently, 20-22 thousands of displaced livestock are sheltering there.

The HSBQ vaccination work for 2,000 livestock has been completed in the different 11 temporary human beings living camps of Sunsari.

More than 110 domestic animals received treatment for different illnesses at Laukahi and Madhuban Livestock Service Camps and additional services are on the process. The 8 mobile technical teams have been deployed to provide services and rendering treatment and immunization facility against different illnesses.

Fodders, from Community Forest, have been distributed to some victim livestock. Sufficient vaccines, medicines and first-aid stuffs have been stored at Bhardaha

Saptari and Sunsari to control the possible epidemics in contingency situation.

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Ministry of Health (MoH)

Total 21 camps, out of 29 in Sunsari district, have been provided Static Health Camps from 10 AM-5:00 PM and free medicines have been dispensed with coordination of the District Health Office. Additional 3 mobile free health camps have been set up on daily basis to render the health service in the remaining camps. Approximately 19,254 persons received treatment up to date of 31 August 2008.

Three ambulance services have been mobilized to render additional necessary health service to the serious patience and refer them to Inaruwa Hospital. In this way, 19 women’s safe delivery and 25 persons’s treatment service have been provided in the hospital so far. To control and eliminate unnecessary germs and insects induced illnesses in the camps, preventive measures have been implemented.

Necessary provisions have been made to provide immunization service to the below one year infants and some measures for safe deliveries of pregnant women have been initiated. For this purpose, epidemiological division has provided necessary medicines and health practitioners as well as technical support at the field level to the District Health Office. Under this scheme, a team was deployed in the filed in Sunsari district under a leadership of a doctor on 19 August 2008. The same team carried out different 35 types of medications from the center. The Regional Medial Store, Biratnagar provided additional medicines which is equivalent to NRs. 500 thousands. In addition to this, the Epidemiology Division has been monitoring regarding the flow of medications in fields.

To cope the high demands of medicines, NRs. 1 million’s medicines have been sent thought the Eastern Regional Health Directorate to the districts for supply of the necessary medicines under the cooperation of Central Disaster Relief Fund. A team of 70 health practitioners have been actively working around the clock on daily basis merely in Sunsari district to provide the health service. To maintain the sanitation in the camps, 16 persons have been appointed and assigned. Different 11 locally based I/NGOs are also actively involved to provide the health facilities in the camps.

To provide the health service in Saptrari district, 4 mobile health camps are on operation and providing services at free of cost. Around the clock free health service has been rendered in the building, which was provided by the Custom Office. Necessary provision for referral system has also been made at Sagarmatha Zonal Hospital. Total 9,535 persons have received the health service up to 31 August 2008. Diarrhea has been mainly observed among the displaced people of the camps.

For this job, about 40 health practitioners have been mobilized. It is expected that the demand of mobile health camps and accordingly health practitioners as well as medicines likely to be increased within the camps. As an immediate response for the health service management, this division office has mobilized a team of doctors three times. On top of this, on 29 August 2008, a truck of urgent medicines including a team has been deputed in that district. Additionally, NRs. 1 million has been dispersed to the Sagarmatha Zonal Hospital for medicines procurement purpose.

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Moreover, the Epidiomology Division Office has also sent NRs. 450 thousands to the Sunsari, Saptari, Sagarmatha Zonal Hospital and Eastern Regional Health Directorate to mobilize the additional manpower, camp management as well as staff mobilization and vehicle management purpose. That amount, albeit, is a tiny drop in the sea in considering the overall necessities.

Road Transport, Drinking Water and Habitat

Road Transport

It seems complex task for the maintenance and operation of the transport in considering the present highway damages and water force level until the volume of water is not re-diverted towards the previous Koshi Barrage.

Possible Alternatives

There is an alternative road via the Dharan-Chatara at the Rampur-Phatepur to access the Kanchanpur of Mahendra highway. On this trail, currently via the Chatara-Phatepur sector people are riskily using boats over Koshi River. Phatepur-Chatara sector is currently under road improvements by an initiative of the Local Bodies and Department of Road (DoR).

Drinking Water and Sanitation

Currently, 6 different task forces have been formed in Sunsari under the District Disaster Relief Committees. These task forces are involving in support of need identification and implementation of activities. Total number of 53 and 7 Soil Tube Wells (STWs), and 96 and 9 toilets construction works have been completed in the Sunsari and Saptari districts respectively to provide the temporary drinking water and sanitation facilities for people.

Urban Development and Habitat

The RD Spur 8, 11, 12 and 13 damage-control activities are on progress, which were constructed by the different agencies of the GoN.

Required construction materials have been provided to the Government of India to control the further damages in the spurs, which are under the management and maintenance of the Indian side.

Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA)

It has been arranged daily basic necessaries - food, cloths, bed, tent and medicines under the leadership of the District Disaster Relief Committee with a cooperation of the local I/NGOs as well as International Communities. Proper security has also been arranged. Among them, various organizations are also involving to provide the daily meal in the different 16 camps of Sunsari.

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For easy identification of the displaced people, provision has been made to enlist them in a roster and pay special attention to render the relief materials and services only among the target groups.

Ministry of Education (MoE)

Current Arrangements

District Education Office has been collecting the primary data of the damages. Teaching-Learning activities are not on operation in the damaged schools Local level dialogues have been initiated to run classes as soon as possible. The DEO has initiated to mobilize the teachers It has been initiated to effectively run the teaching-learning activities in a

coordinated manner with the local CBOs and I/NGOs.

Telecommunication

The interrupted telecommunication service has been re-started through the support of satellite and microwave.

There will be telephone service in the camps within a week The expenses will be born by the Nepal Telecome.

SECTION-4

FUTURE PLANS AND PROGRAMS FOR: RELIEF, RECONSTRUCTION AND REHABILITATION

Agriculture

The flowing programs will be started immediately for the flood affected peasant families’ food security, livelihoods and make them feel relief from the crisis. Under this scheme, crop-livestock and service-oriented programs have been selected on the basis of future weather and local possibilities. On top of this, fishpond and small irrigation facilities will be immediately repaired and operated under this package.

Vegetable Composite Kit Distribution (For marginalized farmers) Arrangements of urgently required medicines for emergency treatment Sanitation, Disinfections and Safe Disposal or Caracass Management Mobile veterinary and artificial fertility services Manpower management and monitoring Various stuffs distribution Wheat seed and fertilizer distribution under the package Unseasonable-maize seed and fertilizer distribution under the package Potato seed and fertilizer distribution under the package Fishpond repair and distribution of small fishes Package vegetation program in the infertile and barren land

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Farmers and their families’ need identification and plan formulation Repair, maintenance and reconstruction of previously spoiled farmer managed

irrigation systems. Establishment of community vegetation nursery Field level training, technical service and organizational strengthening Operation of soil test camps Writing off of the agro-loan and interest as well as tax (concerned agencies)

Mid-term and Long-term Programs

Under this scheme, affected farmers and agro-based industries as well as affected areas will be completely rehabilitated and model agriculture development programs in that particular areas will be launched. In this regard, detailed plans, programs and budgets will be formed later, after acquiring the detailed information and data from the fields. It has been aimed to complete the mid-term and long-term programs within 3 years.

Food seed improvement and resource centers development Repair, maintenance and reconstruction of damaged farmer managed irrigations. Fruits garden reconstruction and area extension Agro market-centers repair, modification, construction and operation Distribution of seed and fertilizers for jute plantation Field level training and technical services Fishpond repair, construction and distribution of infant fishes Community agriculture nurseries establishment Community service centers establishment Resource Preserve Technology (RCT) exhibition and extension Soil Reclammation Dissemination of agro-loan at the reasonable rate for the commercial farming of

vegetables, fruits and fishes (from concerned authorities) Providing medication service for at least 3 months and Urea Molasses Mineral

Block (UMB) distribution. After 3 months, the rehabilitated families can manage fodders by themselves. Masking arrangement for the produced lactose collection by a machinery of Milk

Development Organization. Providing support for the sell of camp-based livestock in the nearer local towns. At the same time of rehabilitation of the affected families, necessary arrangements

should also be made for the proper shelter for the livestock. Arrangement will be made for regular monitoring of the relief and reconstruction

programs and accordingly will be modified as per necessity. Provision of compensation for the actual dead livestock after receiving a detailed

assessment of the losses from the District Livestock Service Office and District Disaster Rescue Committee.

Arrangement for the scientific shelters for livestock at the rehabilitate places. Service oriented and promotional programs With reference to the above relief and reconstruction programs, the farmers will

be provided improved cattle.

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Subsequently, the flood victims will acquire more opportunities for the income generation activities and that can be further converted for an improved livestock resource centers for cow, buffalos, goat, pig and livestock fodders.

Six local livestock towns will be established around the peripheries of the rehabilitated settlements, which will enhance for access to market and support for the income generation activities among the farmers.

Milk cold-storage centers will be established to collect the locally produced milk and support the farmers.

Service oriented, promotional programs as well as livestock related professional training package would be launched.

After implementation of the above relief and rehabilitation plans and programs, the concerned District Livestock Offices of the respective districts will also run their regular ongoing programs incorporating into the same package.

Health Service

Mid-term to Long-term programs is as flowing:

Health service delivery by 20 static and 6 mobile health camps in both districts. Immunization service for under 1-year-old children. Post and pre-maternity and delivery services to the pregnant women. Family planning service Medication for the TB patients Free treatment facility for the serious persons by referring to them to the Inaruwa,

Koshi Zonal, Sagarmatha Zonal and BPKIHS Dharan Hospital(s). Providing expert doctors in accordance with the need Prevention and control for the possible spread of the water-induced, air-induced

and germ-induced epidemics. Daily research and analysis of the illnesses Management of probable epidemic through the mega camps. Monitoring of service delivery Sanitation of camp environments Prevention of germs and insects by spreading anti-germ poisons Health education and hygienic promotional activities Consultation service for the mental health

Road Transport, Drinking Water and Habitats

East-West Highway, Dharan-Chatara-Phatepur-Kanchanpur sector’s short, medium and long-term transport operation, maintenance and reconstruction programs are as flowing:

Program (What to do?)

East-West Highway

Total 10 rafting boats operation

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One jet-ware (?) operation Procurement of 60 meters long six quantity of bailey-bridges at Dharan-Chatara-

Fatepur-Kanchanpur road Widening 12 kilometer of road Construction of drainage and culverts Graveling work (35 kilometers) Two quantity of Ferries installation

Long-term Programs (East-West Highway)

Soil filling/graveling Surface and solid reconstruction of five kilometers Belly-bridge installation Surface re-ceiling of four kilometers Cleaning of culverts and drainages Culverts and small bridges reconstruction Patched repair, 6 kilometers (Dharan-Chatara-Fatepur-Kanchanpur road) Support wall construction Koshi bridge Chatara design and construction contract management

Possible Alternatives:

Mahendra highway can be accessed from Rampur-Fatepur via Dharan-Chatara sector. The length of this road and its status is presented as flowing:

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Particular of Road Sector

Length (KM)

Present Status Proposed Improvement

Remark

1 Dharan-Chatara 12 3 kilometer graveled road is narrow, out of work

Widen road, gravel, repair

3 weeks

2 Jhumka-Chatara 22 Graveled road and narrow culverts, surface out of order

Gravel repair 6 weeks

3 Koshi River 0.35 High mainstreaming and no arrangement to cross

Two Ferries & Motor Boat

5 weeks

4 Chatara-Fatepur 35 9 KM narrow mud road Widen 9 KM, gravel culvert

6 weeks

5 Fatepur-K’anpur 12 Black toped out of order Surface patch 3 weeks6 Chatara-Baraha 03 Gravel narrow road Gravel widen 4 weeks

Drinking Water and Sanitation

To provide immediate responses in the camps, the flowing proposal has been submitted:

Improved toilets, total quantity of 3,100 Improved bathrooms 1,240 Hand pump installation 1,240

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Safety-tank construction, 3,100 Garbage pit construction, 4,133 Sanitation program implementation

The above programs are being run by the district based Water Supply and Sewerage Office and it is also proposed to implement the planed activities by the same office.

Medium/Long-term

Habitat (Short-term)

Cleaning sites in temporary camps, soil filling in the ditches, cliff surface management, and temporary drainage for sewerage management.

Construction of trials towards the camp as well as internal path inside the sites, increasing the surfaces to install the tents, making proper arrangements for the water flow around the tents, arranging proper lighting and kitchens in the camps.

Residence construction for the 200 deployed police force for the camp security purpose as well as building a new warehouse for the relief materials storage and management.

Medium and Long-term

The proper site and location selection process will be carried on as soon as the monsoon will be over.

Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR)

Short-term/Immediate Response

Repair and strengthen of the Spurs at Chatara, which is responsibility of GoN side To provide support to the Indian side in accordance with the need.

Medium/Long-term

Irrigation

Reconstruction works of the damaged canals, tube-wells, Jhumka-Chatara Road and 48 RD’s Bridge

Physical Infrastructures Repair and Strengthen under Water-induced Disaster Prevention

Repair of 37 number of Spurs from Mahendranagar to Chatara, strengthening of Spur number 22, construction of additional one spur at Sukrabare and gravelling of 11-kilometer long embankment.

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Electricity

Reconstruction and repair of all damaged electricity extension lines and transformers will be carried on. For this purpose, attempts and initiations will be made to acquire the necessary cooperation from the Indian side to reconstruct the flood control mechanisms as per previous structures and also request for additional support for to strengthen the existing infrastructures.

Ministry of Home Affairs (MoHA)

Attempts have been made to keep the displaced people in the temporary camps under the medium-term plan and relief package has been provided. The main objective of the program is to construct the temporary shelters, arrangements of proper livelihood, sanitation, medications and education facilities. For this purpose, multi-agencies will be involved so that proper implementation and monitoring machinery is necessary.

District Disaster and Rescue Committee will carry on the overall responsibilities to effectively implement the relief programs and also ensure for secured and dignified lives of the displaced people. The same committee is responsible for the relief monitoring, control and necessary coordination among the different stakeholders under the leadership of the Chief District Officer (CDO).

Ministry of Education (MoE)

To collect information and data To identify site for the teaching-learning activitiesTo arrange the reading materialsTo arrange school stationery and teaching aidTo arrange basic furniture for the educational program implementation To run regular classes in the presently occupied schools for shelters

Telecommunication

Long-term Plan

Optical fiber will be install after completion of the road construction activities Telecom will bear all the expenses for this purpose.

SECTION: 5

ESTIMATED BUDGET OF THE PROGRAM

To implement the Relief and Reconstruction program, the total estimated budget is:

NRs. 2,48,39,78,023:00 (Approximately NRs. 2.5 Billion)

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Budget Summary

SN

Ministry Sector Subheading Total NRs. Round Figure/App.

1 Ministry of Agriculture (MoA)

73,21,60,000.00 732 Million

2 Ministry of Water Resource

56,85,00,000.00 568 Million

Irrigation 35,00,00,000 350 MillionWater-induced Disaster

18,60,00,000 186 Million

Electricity 3,25,00,000 32 Million3 Ministry of

Transport, Physical Planning and Works (MoTPPW)

63,88,61,000.00 639 Million

Road 53,35,00,000 533 MillionWater Supply

6,78,61,000 68 Million

Housing 3,75,00,000 37 Million4 Ministry of Health 12,68,10,000.00 127 Million5 Ministry of Home 36,12,10,523.00 361 Million6 Ministry of

Education5,64,36,500.00 56 Million

Total NRs. 2,48,39,78,023.00 (2.5 Billion)

APPENDIX:

Annex-0: Sectoral Budget Heading According to Ministries Annex-1: Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives Annex-2: Ministry of Home Affairs Annex-3: Ministry of Water Resources Annex-4: Ministry of Physical Planning and WorksAnnex-5: Ministry of Health and Population Annex-6: Ministry of Education Annex-7: Ministry of Information and Communication (Nepal Telecom)

Note: Above annexes are available only in the Master Copy (Nepali version)

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