1

WATERSEMINAR

GOOD AFTERNOON EVERYONE AND THANK YOU FOR COMING. AND THANK

YOUTOCHITTARANJANANDTHEWATERCENTERFORINVITINGMETOSHARE

WITH YOU MY RESEARCH ON INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT IN

NEBRASKA.

[INSERTCOVERSLIDE]

LET ME FIRST PROVIDE YOU WITH A LITTLE MORE DETAIL ABOUT HOW I

APPROACHTHESUBJECTOFTHISLECTURE.MYTRAININGASAPROFESSOROF

PUBLICADMINISTRATIONLEADSMEFIRSTANDFOREMOSTTOASKQUESTIONS

ABOUT THE GOVERNANCE OF THE MAJOR RIVER BASINS IN NEBRASKA,

INCLUDING THE MANAGEMENT OF GROUND WATER THAT HAS A

HYDROLOGICALCONNECTIONTOSTREAMFLOWS.

GOVERNANCE OF THE PLATTE RIVER BASIN IN PARTICULAR DEALSWITH THE

INTEGRATEDMANAGEMENTOF SURFACE ANDGROUNDWATER, ASWELL AS

THEMANAGEMENTOFDAMS,DIVERSIONSANDSTORAGEFORHYDROPOWER,

FLOODCONTROLANDIRRIGATION.

[INSERTMAPOFPLATTERIVER]

2

ASYOUKNOW,THENORTHPLATTEANDSOUTHPLATTERIVERSJOINTOGETHER

AND BECOME THE PLATTE RIVER IN NORTH PLATTE, NE. DAMS, ASWELL AS

WATER DIVERSION AND STORAGE PROJECTS HAVE CHANGED THE PLUMBING

OF THE RIVER IN WAYS THAT WOULD TAKE ANOTHER LECTURE TO COVER

ADEQUATELY. THE SHORTVERSION, THOUGH, IS THAT THESE PROJECTSHAVE

SERVED THE AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIES OF NEBRASKA, COLORADO AND

WYOMING,BUTITHAVEALSOFUNDAMENTALLYALTEREDTHENATURALFLOW

REGIMEOFTHEPLATTERIVER.

THEREAREMANYENTITIESTHATAREPARTOFGOVERNANCEONTHEPLATTE

RIVER. THERE ISACOOPERATIVEAGREEMENTAMONGTHETHREESTATESOF

NEBRASKA, COLORADO AND WYOMING AND THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF

INTERIOR THAT CREATED THE PLATTE RIVER RECOVERY IMPLEMENTATION

PROGRAM.THEGOVERNANCECOMMITTEEOFTHEPRRIPINCLUDESMEMBERS

REPRESENTING THE U.S.F.W.S., U.S. BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, THE THREE

STATES,ANDREPRESENTATIVESOFTHENRDS,PUBLICPOWERANDIRRIGATION

DISTRICTS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE NEBRASKA

AUDUBON SOCIETY. THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE IS A UNIQUE CASE OF

COLLABORATIVEENVIRONMENTALGOVERNANCE,THATIHAVESTUDIEDITFOR

THEPASTFIVEYEARSWITHAGRANTFROMTHEWATERFORFOODINSTITUTE.

3

THIS COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT ALLOWED NEBRASKA, COLORADO AND

WYOMING TO PROCEED WITH WATER PROJECTS ALONG THE PLATTE IN

EXCHANGEFORDEFINEDCONTRIBUTIONSOFWATERANDLANDAIMEDATTHE

RESTORATION OF CRITICAL HABITAT FOR MIGRATORY BIRDS, SUCH AS THE

WHOOPING CRANE, LISTED AS ENDANGERED OR THREATENED UNDER THE

ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT. THE RESTORATION PROJECTS ARE UNDERWAY

ALONG THE BIG BEND REACH, ALSO KNOWN AS THE ASSOCIATED HABITAT

AREA.

THEPRRIPISONEPIECEOFINTEGRATEDWATERMANAGEMENT.IWILLEXPLAIN

SHORTLY WHY THE PRRIP CARES ABOUT SURFACE AND GROUND WATER

HAVING A HYDROLOGICAL CONNECTION. ANOTHER PIECE IS INTEGRATED

MANAGEMENT PLANNING IN NE, AUTHORIZED BY STATE LAW IN 2004 AND

INVOLVINGDNRANDNRDS.

ALTOGETHER THESE ELEMENTS FORM A POLYCENTRIC SYSTEM OF

GOVERNANCE,DEFINEDASHAVINGMULTIPLEOVERLAPPINGJURISDICTIONSAT

DIFFERENT SCALES, EACH WITH SOME INDEPENDENT AUTHORITY OVER

PARTICULARISSUESORFUNCTIONALAREAS.

[INSERTMAPOFTHENRDS]

4

THERE ARE A TOTAL OF 23 NRDS WHOSE JURISDICTIONAL BOUNDARIES

FOLLOWTHERIVERBASINS INTHESTATE.NRDSAREPOLITICALSUBDIVISIONS

OF STATE GOVERNMENT, WITH LOCALLY ELECTED BOARDS AND AUTHORITY

OVER GROUND WATER USE. IT IS A UNIQUE APPROACH TO WATER

MANAGEMENT,FOUNDONLYINTHISSTATE.

IT IS UNIQUE FOR TWO REASONS. THE FIRST IS THAT INMANY CASES LOCAL

GOVERNMENT JURISDICTIONS DO NOT FOLLOW NATURAL BOUNDARIES LIKE

RIVERBASINSORSUB-BASINS. THEWAYTHATPOLICYMAKERSOFTENTRYTO

DEALWITHTHISDISCONNECTISEXPANDTHESCOPEOFGOVERNMENTSOTHAT

ITOVERLAPSTHOSENATURALBOUNDARIES.WEOFTENENDUPWITHLARGE-

SCALETOP-DOWNGOVERNMENT.THENRDSYSTEMISUNIQUEBECAUSELOCAL

JURISDICTIONSFOLLOWTHERIVERBASINSANDSUB-BASINSINTHESTATE.

THE SECOND REASON WHY THE NEBRASKA APPROACH IS SO UNIQUE IS

RELATEDTOTHEFIRST:BECAUSEWEHAVETHENRDSYSTEMTHATMANAGES

GROUNDWATERUSE, STATE LAWAUTHORIZING INTEGRATEDMANAGEMENT

PLANNING GIVES AMAJOR ROLE TO THE NRDS AND CREATES A BOTTOM-UP

PLANNINGPROCESS.THEDNRWORKSJOINTLYWITHTHENRDSANDPLAYSTHE

ROLEOFFACILITATOR,PROVIDINGGUIDANCEANDSCIENTIFICEXPERTISE.

5

EACHNRD ISREQUIREDBYSTATELAWTOJOINTLYDEVELOP(WITHTHEDNR)

AN IMP IF THEIR JURISDICTION FALLSWITHIN A RIVER BASIN OR SUB-BASIN

DETERMINEDBYDNRTOBEFULLYAPPROPRIATED,ORDESIGNATEDBYDNRAS

OVER APPROPRIATED. THE FIVENRDSWHOSE BOUNDARIES AREWITHIN THE

OVER APPROPRIATED STRETCH OF THE UPPER PLATTE BASIN ARE ALSO

REQUIREDTODEVELOP(TOGETHERWITHTHEDNR)ABASINWIDEPLAN.

[INSERTMAPOFFULLYAPPROPRIATEDAREA]

[INSERTMAPOFOVERAPPROPRIATEDAREA]

SINCETHEGOVERNANCEOFTHEPLATTERIVERISSOCOMPLEX,IWILLEXAMINE

LATERDETAILSABOUTTHEROLEOFONENRDINVOLVEDINTHISGOVERNANCE

PROCESS:THECPNRD.ITISLOCATEDINTHEASSOCIATEDHABITATAREAOFTHE

PRRIP, IT IS REPRESENTED ON THE GOVERNANCE COMMITTEE OF THE PRIPP,

AND ITS JURISDICTION FALLSWITHIN AN AREA OF THE UPPER PLATTE BASIN

REQUIREDTODEVELOPBOTHANIMPANDABASINWIDEPLAN.

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IN THE INTERESTS OF TIME I WANT TO CONDENSE THE LEGAL AND

ADMINISTRATIVE DEFINITIONS OF FULLY AND OVER APPROPRIATED INTO

WHATMAYSEEMLIKEASIMPLISTICREDUCTION.BUTLETMESUGGESTTHATIF

AN AREA IS FULLY APPROPRIATED THEN THERE IS A BALANCE BETWEEN

SURFACE WATER SUPPLIES AND APPROPRIATIONS FOR IRRIGATION,

INDUSTRIAL, MUNICIPAL AND SO ON. THE DNR, WHICH APPROVES SURFACE

WATER RIGHTS, HAS DECLARED A MORATORIUM ON NEW SURFACE WATER

RIGHTSINTHESEAREAS.

IFANAREA ISOVERAPPROPRIATEDTHEN - -ASTHETERMSUGGESTS - - THE

SUPPY OF SURFACE WATER IS INSUFFICIENT TO MEET EXISTING

APPROPRIATIONS. THE IMPS IN THOSE AREASMUST OFFSET DEPLETIONS TO

STREAMFLOWSDUETOWATERUSEAFTERJULY1,1997.

NOW THE REASON WHY INTEGRATED SURFACE AND GROUND WATER

MANAGEMENT ISNECESSARY IS THATAMAJOR SOURCEOF THEDEPLETIONS

TOSURFACEWATERINHCAREASISGROUNDWATERIRRIGATION.ENTERTHE

NRDS WITH AUTHORITY OVER GROUND WATER USE. THEIR IMPS MUST

INCLUDEPLANSTOOFFSETDEPLETIONSTOSURFACEWATERAPPROPRIATIONS.

[INSERT“INTEGRATEDMANAGEMENTPLANS”]

7

LB 962 AUTHORIZED INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLANNING IN 2004 AS AN

AMENDMENTTOTHEGROUNDWATERMANAGEMENTANDPROTECTIONACT.

THEPRRIPWASAMAJORMOTIVATION,ANDSTATELEGISLATORSWANTEDTO

GETAHEADOFITSSTARTDATEIN2007.THEREQUIREMENTSINSTATELAWARE

PRETTY BASIC, LEAVING THENRDS TODEVELOP PLANS THATMAKE SENSE IN

THECONTEXTOFTHEUNIQUEHYDROGEOLOGYINEACHAREA.THECPNRDISA

CASEINPOINT.

SINCE THE AREA WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION DESIGNATED AS OVER

APPROPRIATEDISHYDROLOGICALLYCONNECTEDTOGROUNDWATER,ITSIMP

MUSTOFFSETDEPLETIONSDUETOWATERUSEINITSDISTRICTUSING1997AS

THEREFERENCEPOINT.INFULLYAPPROPRIATEDAREASTHERECANBENONEW

DEPLETIONS.

AS I WILL SHOW LATER, THE CPNRD HAS AVOIDED HAVING TO REGULATE

GROUNDWATERUSEBYDEVELOPINGAWATERBANKANDBYENTERINGINTO

PURCHASEORLEASEAGREEMENTSWITHPRIVATECANALCOMPANIES.

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THE IMPPROCESSMUSTCONSULTWITHSTAKEHOLDERS. INTHECASEOFTHE

CPNRD THE LATE GENERALMANAGER, RON BISHOP, SPENT YEARSWORKING

WITH STAKEHOLDERS IN HIS DISTRICT TO DESIGN THESE PROJECTS. I WILL

RETURNTOTHISPOINTLATERWITHMORESPECIFICS.

THE BASIN WIDE PLAN MUST ALSO CONSULT AND COLLABORATE WITH

STAKEHOLDERS. ICHECKEDTHEDNRWEBSITEBECAUSETHEYARE JUSTNOW

BEGINNINGTHESECONDTENYEARBASINWIDEPLANNINGCYCLEANDTHERE

AREOVERTHIRTYPRIMARYSTAKEHOLDERSINVOLVED.THOSESTAKEHOLDERS

INCLUDE THE FIVE NRDS, PUBLIC POWER AND IRRIGATION DISTRICTS,

MUNICIPALITIES, AND REPRESENTATIVES FROM SURFACE WATER USERS,

GROUNDWATERIRRIGATORS,AGRICULTUREANDENVIRONMENT/WILDLIFE.

IMPSANDBASINWIDEPLANSAREJOINTLYDEVELOPEDWITHTHEDNR.BUT I

WANTTOEMPHASIZETHATTHESTATE’SROLEISTOFACILITATETHEPLANNING

PROCESS,NOTTODIRECTITINATOP-DOWNREGULATORYFASHION.

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THEROLEOFTHENRDS INTHEOVERAPPROPRIATEDSTRETCHOFTHEUPPER

PLATTE BASIN GOES BEYOND THE IMP PROCESS. THEY ALSO SHARE

RESPONSIBILITY WITH DNR FOR IMPLEMENTING THE NEBRASKA NEW

DEPLETIONPLANTHATISPARTOFTHEPRRIP.

[INSERT“NEWDEPLETIONPLAN”]

THESTATEOFNEBRASKAAGREEDTOPREVENTORMITIGATENEWDEPLETIONS

TO USFWS TARGET FLOWS TO THE EXTENT THOSE NEW DEPLETIONS ARE

CAUSEDBYNEWANDEXPANDEDUSESOFWATERONORAFTERJULY1,1997.

REPONSIBILITYISSHAREDBETWEENDNRANDTHENRDSINTHEUPPERPLATTE

RIVERBASIN.THESTATEANDNRDSCOVEREDBYTHENEWDEPLETIONSPLAN

ARERESPONSIBLETOOFFSETNEW(DEFINEDASSTARTINGIN1997--THEDATE

OFTHECOOPERATIVEAGREEMENT)GROUNDWATERUSES INHCAREAS. THE

DEFINITION OF HC IS WHERE THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT ON STREAM FLOW

DEPLETIONFROMWELLSCONSTRUCTEDINTHATAREAWOULD=28PERCENT

OFTOTALGROUNDWATERCONSUMEDASARESULTOFWITHDRAWALSOVER

A40YEARPERIOD.(REPEATTHEDEFINITION)

10

YOUWILLNOTICEACOINCIDENCEHERE:UNDERTHEPROVISIONSOFLB962,IF

ANNRDISWITHINANOVERAPPROPRIATEDAREAITMUSTGETBACKTO1997

CONDITIONS. THE YEAR 1997 IS SIGNIFICANT BECAUSE IT WAS THE YEAR IN

WHICHNESIGNEDTHEPRIPPCOOPERATIVEAGREEMENT.

[INSERT“GOVERNANCE”SLIDEnotingblueandred]

THIS SLIDE SUMMARIZES THEMAIN ELEMENTSOF THE POLYCENTRIC SYSTEM

OF WATER GOVERNANCE THAT IS SO UNIQUE AND THEORETICALLY

SIGNIFICANT. HERE AGAIN IS THE DEFINITIONUSED BYMY COLLEAGUE, TOM

KOONTZ, WHO HAS CONDUCTED EXTENSIVE RESEARCH ON ADAPTI

INSTITUTIONSINSOCIAL-ECOLOGICALSYSTEMSGOVERNANCE:

[INSERT“POLYCENTRICGOVERNANCE”]

A POLYCENTRIC SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE IS DEFINED AS HAVING MULTIPLE

OVERLAPPING JURISDICTIONS AT DIFFERENT SCALES, EACH WITH SOME

INDEPENDENTAUTHORITYOVERPARTICULAR ISSUESOR FUNCTIONALAREAS.

IT HAS INTERDEPENDENT CENTERS OF AUTHORITY, EACH WITH QUALIFIED

INDEPENDENCEOVERITSOWNFUNCTIONALAREA,ANDITISOFTENDESCRIBED

AS SELF-ORGANIZED: ARISING IN A BOTTOM UP FASHION WITH NEW

BOUNDARIESTHATCANMATCHTHESCALEOFTHEISSUEATHAND.

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IT PROMOTES INTERACTIONS UP AND DOWN LEVELS OF GOVERNANCE AND

PROMOTESINSTITUTIONSTHATCANADAPTTOCHANGINGCONDITIONS,SUCH

AS WEATHER, ICE PACK IN THE HEADWATERS AND VARIATIONS IN RIVER

FLOWS.

[INSERTDIAGRAM]

THIS SLIDE SHOWS HOW THE ELEMENTS OF WHAT I HAVE DEFINED AS A

POLYCENTRIC SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE FIT TOGETHER. THE NRDS IN THE

UPPER PLATTE BASIN JOINTLY DEVELOP WITH DNR THEIR IMPS AND ALSO

PARTICIPATE IN THE BASIN WIDE PLAN PROCESS. STAKEHOLDERS IN THE

PROCESS ARE OFF TO THE SIDE WITHOUT CONNECTING ARROWS, BECAUSE

THEIR ROLE IS LIMITED TO CONSULTATION AND COLLABORATION WITH THE

DECISIONMAKERSAUTHORIZEDBYLB962--DNRANDTHENRDS.BUTNOTICE

THATCNPPID(ANDNPPD)AREREPRESENTEDONTHEGCOFTHEPRRIP.

YOUWILLNOTICETHATTHEREAREALSOARROWSGOINGFROMDNRTOTHE

PRRIPASWELLASARROWSGOINGTOTHEPRRIPDIRECTLYFROMTHENRDS,

BECAUSETHEYAREALSOREPRESENTEDONTHEGC.THENRDSSHAREAVOTE

WITHCNPPIDANDNPPD.

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PRRIP DEPENDS ON THE STATES AND THEIR

POLITICAL SUBDIVISIONS WORKING TOGETHER TO REDUCE SHORTAGES TO

USFWS TARGET FLOW IN THE PLATTE RIVER THROUGH A COMBINATION OF

RETIMINGSURFACEWATERANDOFFSETTINGDEPLETIONSTOSTREAMFLOWS

FROMGROUNDWATERUSE.

IWANTTO FOCUSNOWONTHECPNRDASACASE STUDYAND LOOKAT ITS

ROLE INTHISGOVERNANCESYSTEM. THEDISTRICT’S JURISDICTIONOVERLAPS

WITHTHEASSOCIATEDHABITATAREAOFTHEPRRIPANDISALSOLOCATEDIN

THEUPPERPLATTEBASINDESIGNATEDBYDNRASOVERAPPROPRIATED.

[INSERTMAPSOFPLATTERIVERANDOVERAPPROPRIATEDAREA]

THECPNRDHASENTEREDINTOPURCHASEANDLEASEAGREEMENTSWITHTHE

COZAD DITCH COMPANY, THE THIRTY MILE IRRIGATION DISTRICT AND THE

ORCHARD/ALFALFA CANAL. THE CPNRD PAYS FOR THE REHABILITATION OF

THESECANALS,ANDAPPLIESONTHEIRBEHALFTOTHEDNRTOSTOREEXCESS

STREAMFLOWS DURING THE NON-IRRIGATION SEASON FOR GROUNDWATER

RECHARGEANDEVENTUALRETURNTOTHEPLATTE.

[INSERTCENTRALPLATTEPARTNERSHIPS]

13

SURFACEWATER IRRIGATORSWITHWELLSCANSWITCHTOGROUNDWATER,

WHICH IS OFTEN LESS EXPENSIVE. THE CPNRD CAN USE THE RECHARGE

PROJECTSASOFFSETSTONEWDEPLETIONS.THENRDCANALSOAPLYTOTHE

DNRON BEHALFOF THESE SURFACEWATER PROVIDERS TO DIVERT SURFACE

WATERDURINGTHEIRRIGATIONSEASONBACKTOTHERIVER,ANDTOLEASEA

PORTIONOF THATWATERBACK TO THEPRRIP. THEPRRIP CANCOUNTTHAT

WATERTOWARDITSMILESTONEOFREDUCINGSHORTAGESTOUSFWSTARGET

FLOWS.

FINALLYTHENRDCANUSEBOTHTHEOTHERPORTIONOFTHATAUGMENTED

FLOWANDTHEOFFSETFROMGROUNDWATERRECHARGEINTHECANALSTO

MEET ITS RESPONSIBILITY UNDER THE NEW DEPLETION PLAN. FUNDS FOR

THESE PROJECTS CAME FROM THE CPNRD, THE NE ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST,

ANDTHESTATEWATERMANAGEMENTFUND,ASWELLASTHEPRRIPTHROUGH

ITSLEASEAGREEMENTWITHCPNRD.

[INSERTCPNRDWATERBANK]

14

THECPNRDWASALSOTHEFIRSTNRDTOSTARTAWATERBANK.THEWAYTHE

WATER BANK WORKS IS THAT THE NRD PURCHASES WATER RIGHTS FROM

WILLING OWNERSWHO AGREE TO STOP IRRIGATING ALL OR A PORTION OF

THEIRLAND.THENRDCALCULATESTHESELLINGPRICEBASEDONTHEIMPACT

OFTHATWATERRIGHTINTERMSOFAFRETURNEDTOTHEPLATTEANDTHEN

“BANKS”THATAMOUNTTOBEUSEDASANOFFSETTONEWDEPLETIONS.

THE WATER BANK ALLOWS THE NRD TO MEET ITS RESPONSIBILITIES UNDER

BOTHLB962ANDTHENEWDEPLETIONPLANTHAT ISPARTOFTHEPRRIP. IT

ALLOWSTHENRDTOMEETTHENEEDSOFNEW INDUSTRIESASWELLASTHE

NEEDS OF MUNICIPALITIES WITH GROWING POPULATIONS - - WITHOUT

HAVING TO REGULATE OR RESTRICT EXISTING GROUND WATER USE. WHILE

THERE IS A MORATORIUM AS PART OF THE IMP ON NEW AND EXPANDED

PUMPING,THEREHAS--ASOFYET--BEENNOMANDATORYWITHDRAWALS

OFIRRIGATEDACRESFROMPRODUCTION.

15

[INSERT“WHATHAVEWELEARNED”]

SO WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED SO FAR ABOUT THE GOVERNANCE OF

INTEGRATEDWATERMANAGEMENT IN NEBRASKA? THE FIRST - - ANDMOST

IMPORTANT - - CONCLUSION IS THAT NEBRASKA’S APPROACH IS UNIQUE

AMONGTHEFIFTYSTATES.NEBRASKAISUNIQUEBECAUSETHEIMPPROCESSIS

ESSENTIALLY BOTTOM-UP, WITH DNR FACILITATING THE DEVELOPMENT AND

IMPLEMENTATIONOFNRDPLANS.DNRADMINISTERSTHESYSTEMOFSURFACE

WATER APPROPRIATIONS FOR SURFACEWATER USERS, BUT ITS ROLE IN THE

IMP PROCESS IS NOT TO REPRESENT PROVIDERS, LIKE CNPPID, IN DECISION

MAKING.

THE NRD SYSTEM IS ONE-OF-A KIND, BECAUSE LOCAL BOUNDARIES FOLLOW

THERIVERBASINS.RESEARCHONPOLYCENTRICGOVERNANCESYSTEMS,SUCH

ASTHEWORKOFMYCOLLEAGUETOMKOONTZ, SUGGESTSTHATMATCHING

JURISDICTIONALBOUNDARIESTOTHESCALEOFTHEISSUE,ISAKEYFACTORIN

PROMOTINGTHECAPACITYOFOUR INSTITUTIONSTOADAPTTOCHANGES IN

THEENVIRONMENT.IHAVEUSEDTHEEXAMPLEOFTHECPNRDTOILLUSTRATE

THISPOINT.

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ASECONDLESSONISTHATAPOLYCENTRICSYSTEMOFGOVERNANCE,SUCHAS

THE ONE IN THE UPPER PLATTE RIVER BASIN, CREATES OPPORTUNITIES FOR

INTERACTIONSATDIFFERENTSCALES.IHAVEUSEDTHEEXAMPLEOFCPNRDTO

SHOW HOW THESE INTERACTIONS CAN WORK, IN PARTICULAR ITS LEASE

AGREEMENTWITH THE PRRIP AUGMENTING STREAM FLOWS AND REDUCING

SHORTAGES TO USFWS TARGET FLOWS IN THE UPPER PLATTE RIVER BASIN.

OTHERNRDSINTHISBASINALSOPARTICIPATEINTHEPRRIP’SWATERACTION

PLAN.

IHOPETHATIHAVEMADETHECASEFORTHEIMPORTANCEOFSTUDYINGTHE

GOVERNANCEOFWATER. THEROLEOF SCIENCE INMANAGEMENTDECISION-

MAKING IS A PARTICULAR INTEREST OF MINE, ESPECIALLY IN ADAPTIVE

MANAGEMENT.IWANTTOHEARFROMYOUIFYOUAREINTERESTEDASWELL.

IWANTTOTHANKYOUFORINVITINGMEANDFORYOURATTENTION.

Source: T. Koontz et al. (2015) “Adaptive Institutions in Social-EcologicalSystemsGovernance:ASynthesisFramework,”EnvironmentalScience&Policy.