SOCIALIZATION AND

EDUCATION

C H A P T E R

INTRODUCTION OF SOCIALIZATION AND EDUCATION

Socialization is a transmission process which formal and informal knowledge or skill is transmitted in either different or same generation.

Socialization is a process where a person learns about role, status and value that should have in a society.

Socialization is a constant learning. the children will learn more based on their own interactions with other people.

Socialization can change individual behavior so that it can be adapted into current society.

Education institution is a social structure whose role is to transmit knowledge and skills.

Schooling is a process of teaching and learning in a formal way that takes place in a classroom.

Observing cognitive development

CONCEPT OF SOCIALIZATION Socialism theories focus to a new things such as :

Obtaining moral and personal identity through family relationship, emphasizing

moral category and value.

Obtaining self concept and social identity

Development of social skills is a vital role in the interaction successfully

in linguistics communication Bernstein

George Herbert Mead

Piaget

Durkheim

According to Lacey (1997), each theory has a different explanation style about socialization. Conflict perspective said that conflict between groups and inside groups will create many situations indirectly.

Musgrave (1972) often discusses about socialization in structural perspective and interpersonal. According to what he calls as a frame of socialization’s theory:

through social structure through interpersonal stage

through consensus features and values that are agreeable

whenever there is a conflict, force is needed to ensure proper behavior is achievable

It is the process which people learn attitudes,

values and actions appropriate to

individuals as members of a particular culture.

It refers to process of learning on what is

appropriate behaviour as a member of a smaller group

within the larger society.

It is the process of learning behaviour in a

social institution or developing social skills

It refers to the mental rehearsals, concrete

plans, and subtle changes in values and

perceptions that a significant change in social roles about to

occur.

It refers to the process of discarding former behaviour patterns and accepting new

ones as part of a transition in one’s life. This occurs

throughout the human life.

(Schaefer & Lamn, 1992)

SecondarySocialization

TYPES OF SOCIALIZATION

AGENTS OF SOCIALIZATION

Religion

Family Determines one attitude towards religion & career, introduces intimate relationship & group living, provides social status. As a fundamental values & learning about relationships.

School Socializing young people in particular skills and values in society. Official function (teach children technical & intellectual

skills), “hidden curriculum” (impersonal, bureaucratic organization)

Peer Group Among peers, children experience egalitarian relationships, make friends of their own choosing and learn

about adult’s socialization

Mass Media It is a crucial agent; the most influential is TV. New research shows that TV also invites interaction and

exploration of cultural boundaries

Workplace Develops shared cultures, after work socialization, rules and order

Religion It remains a vital force for humans everywhere

SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIALIZATION IN EDUCATION

To study how education can be used

to help individuals and society

To strengthen educator’s concept

and skill dealing with students

Student’s perception towards future and

social mobility

For educators to have the skills of interpreting research outcomes,

research statistic and data

To give a clear picture to all

parties

To tolerate in interaction

For educators to have a balance of knowledge about human beings

For educators to understand other

cultures

To study similarities and differences in

education

What is School Culture?

Gary Philips (1993) “The beliefs, attitudes and behaviors that characterize a school in term

of how people treat and feel about each other, the extent to which people feel included and appreciated, rituals and traditions reflecting

collaboration and collegiality”.

Robbins and Alvy (1995) “This inner reality reflects what organizational members care about, what they are willing to spend time doing, what and how they celebrate, and

what they talk about”.

Deal & Peterson (1993) “An inner reality”

School Culture People in a healthy organization must

have agreement on how do things and

what is worth doing.

Culture includes a composite of the values, rituals and beliefs shared

and demonstrated by participants within the

organization.

Culture influences everything that

happens in a school.

School culture is NOT about religion, race,

socio-economic status or the size of the

school.

School Culture

Wagner (2000):

“Shared experience both in school and out of school

(traditions and celebrations), a sense of community, of

family and team”.

Staff stability & common goals permeate the school. Time is

set aside for school-wide recognition of all school

stakeholders.

Common agreement on curricular and

instructional components as well as order &

discipline are established through consensus.

Open & honest communication is encouraged & there is

abundance of humor and trust. Tangible support from

leadership at the school & district levels is also present.

Three principal activities will raise standardized test scores, make them more accountable.

HOWEVER, often shortfall to attain expected results: overworked, student achievement, staff satisfaction, parent engagement, community support.

The culture of learning community is toxic no matter what “improvement initiative” is implemented

Making decision

about the curriculum

Making decision

about instructional

methodology

Placing considerable

time and attention on

test taking skillWhat should be taught? How it should

taught? Test- taking

skill

When there is no “one size fits all” culture for classrooms, schools, or school districts, there are 3 markers to identify and measure as well as strengthen the culture.

Professional Collaboration

Affiliation and Collegiality

Self-Determination & Efficacy

Significance of School Culture

Collegiality

Experimentation High Expectation

Trust & Confidence Tangible Support

Reaching Out to the Knowledge Base

Norms of School Culture

Norms of School Culture

Appreciation & Recognition

Caring, Celebration & Humor

Involvement in Decision Making

Traditions

Honest, Open Communication

1. Collegiality

They have similar challenges & needs, & different talents and

knowledge

They can learn from each other, evaluate & develop curriculum & plan special projects

together

They develop cooperative learning and thinking skills

2. Experimentation

Teaching is an intellectually exciting activity. Teachers

are encouraged to experiment with new

ideas and techniques to improve schools and

teachers. They can drop experiments

that do not work and be rewarded for having tried.

They always look for more effective ways of

teaching

3. High Expectation

Accountable for high performance through regular

evaluationsThey are specifically expected to practice

collegiality & to experiment with new ideas. They are

rewarded & this continued professional development is

highly valued.While teachers often feel under pressure to excel,

they thrive on being part of a dynamic organization

4. Trust and Confidence

Administrators and parents trust teachers’ professional

judgement and commitment to improvement

5. Tangible Support

When teachers need help to improve their instruction,

people extend themselves to these teachers with both time

& resources.People believe the professional knowledge & skills of teachers

are so important to good schooling – developing human

resources.

6. Reaching Out to the Knowledge

There are generic knowledge bases about teaching skills and how students learn, teaching methods in a particular area,

about young people’s cognitive and affective development,

about each of academic discipline.

2 features – curious nature, the reality & usefulness of these

knowledge bases.

7. Appreciation & Recognition

Good teaching is honored in any school and community.

Teacher recognition as a regular feature of school committee meetings, PTA

luncheons, short notes etc.

8. Caring, Celebration & Humor

Teacher’s day, share some good humors, less formal ways, and make as one of the prominent

school culture.

9. Traditions

There are events coming up that students & teachers alike see as

refreshing or challenging

10. Involvement in Decision Making

Teachers are included in certain meaningful decision-making

processes in a school, especially when they directly affect the

teachers or their students. That does not mean they are

consulted on all policies or decisions, but there are

mechanism open for them to raise issue

11. Honest, Open Communication

Teachers take responsibility for sending own messages. They

can speak to their colleagues and administrators directly and tactfully without fear of fear

losing their esteem or damaging their relationship

The school culture plays an important role in establishing a good society as it is a part of the society

itself.

Teachers shape the culture of their students & schools.

There are many intoxicating elements that may pollute the good school culture.

The community should involve in shaping the culture with deep thoughts.

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