Youngtae Noh, Paul Wang†, Uichin Lee‡, Mario GerlaYoungtae Noh, Paul Wang†, Uichin Lee‡, Mario GerlaUCLA , CSUCLA , CS ††JPL, Caltech, JPL, Caltech, ‡‡KAIST, KSEKAIST, KSE
{ytnoh, gerla}@cs.ucla.edu,{ytnoh, gerla}@cs.ucla.edu, [email protected],[email protected], [email protected] [email protected]
VAPR: Void Aware Pressure Routing Protocol VAPR: Void Aware Pressure Routing Protocol
GOAL: VOID aware routing to Sonobuoys• 3D geographical routing too expensive, requires localization
• Pressure gauges cheap => Greedy pressure routing to SonoBuoy
• Still must avoid Local Maximum
Reference[1] H. Yan, Z. Shi, and J.-H. Cui. DBR: Depth-Based Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks. In IFIP Networking’08.[2] U. Lee, P. Wang, Y. Noh, L. F. M. Vieira, M. Gerla, J.-H. Cui. Pressure Routing for Underwater Sensor Networks. In IEEE INFOCOM'10.
Supported by NSF Grant: SEA-Swarm
Sonobuoy Monitoring Center
c
d
e
f
b
a hg: Local Maxmum
i
Our Solution:Locking void regions (or void removal) via push-down beacon messageGreedy Routing downwards and upwards within locked void regions
Void region
Push-downMessage
(part of periodic beaconing)
Greedy forwarders
Dead end nodes
SonobuoyMonitoring
Center
Adjacent nodes:
Push-up Message
(part of periodic beaconing)
Packet delivery ratio in VAPR improves with node density.
DBR [1] shows degradation due to absence of route recovery.
Energy consumption per packet in VAPR better than HydroCast [2].
DBR consumes nearly 6 times more energy due to packet broadcast.
Recommended
