Leonardo Energy, REN21, and Clean Energy Solutions Center REN21 Renewables 2012 Global Status Report: Asia Pacific Focus
September 5, 2012 Fernando Nuño – Moderator Christine Lins – Presenter Arne Schweinfurth - Presenter
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pacific-focus • http://cleanenergysolutions.org/training
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Agenda
• Welcome and Introductory Remarks
• Overview of Leonardo Energy, and the Clean Energy Solutions Center – Fernando Nuño Leonardo Energy
• Overview of the REN21 Renewables 2012 Global Status Report – Christine Lins Executive Secretary, REN21
• Asian Focus: – Arne Schweinfurth Renewable Energy Support Programme for
ASEAN at GIZ
• Question & Answer • Discussion and Closing Remarks
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Clean Energy Ministerial & UN Partnership Supporting the Solutions Center
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• Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM) launched the Clean Energy Solutions Center in April, 2011 for major economy countries • One of eleven CEM Initiatives • Led by Australia and U.S. with other CEM
partners
• Partnership with UN-Energy is extending scope to support all developing countries • Enhance resources on policies relating to
energy access, small to medium enterprises (SMEs), and financing programs
• Offer expert policy assistance to all countries • Expand peer to peer learning and training
How You Can Get Involved
• Request expert assistance or tailored technical resources for your country
• Participate in webinars, training activities, and policy networks
• Offer advice and suggest resources to share
• Sign up for the newsletter
• Join conversations on the Policy Forum
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Leonardo Energy
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• Leonardo Energy initiative (LE) unites professionals from all over the world dedicated to electrical power and sustainable energy. LE provides education, training, and the comprehensive exchange of expertise.
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Speakers
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Christine Lins was appointed as Executive Secretary of REN21, the Renewable Energy Policy Network of the 21st Century, in July 2011. During the last 10 years, she served as Secretary General of the European Renewable Energy Council, the united voice of Europe’s renewable energy industry. Lins has more than 15 years of working experience in the field of renewable energy sources. Previously, she worked in a regional energy agency in Austria promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy sources. Lins holds a masters degree in international economics and applied languages.
Speakers
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Arne Schweinfurth studied Economics in Cologne (Germany), Madrid (Spain) and Montreal (Canada) with a focus on Energy Economics and Environmental Politics. As a consultant for The World Bank, and other organisations he worked on renewable energy, especially photovoltaic, renewable energy financing and energy subsidies. Since 2010 Arne Schweinfurth is advisor for renewable energy at the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH in Indonesia, working in Jakarta, where he manages the Renewable Energy Support Programme for ASEAN (ASEAN-RESP).
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GLOBAL STATUS REPORT 2012 Key Findings
Christine Lins [email protected] Executive Secretary of REN21 www.ren21.net
Webinar focussing on Asia - Pacific
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About REN21
Multi-stakeholder Policy Network grouping:
National governments: Brazil, Germany, Denmark, UK, Spain, Norway, India, UAE, US, Uganda, Morocco, etc.
International organisations: EC, IEA, IRENA, UNEP, UNIDO, UNDP, ADB, GEF, etc.
Industry associations: RENAlliance (WWEA, WBA, IGA, ISES, IHA), ARE, GWEC, EREC, etc.
Science & Academia: SANEDI, IIASA, TERI, etc.
NGOs: WWF, Greenpeace, ICLEI, CURES, WRI, etc.
Objective: enable a rapid global transition to renewable energy
REN21 Secretariat based at UNEP in Paris/France
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REN21 Renewables Global Status Report Launched on June 11, 2012 along with UNEP’s Global trends in RE investment
Team of over 400 Contributors, researchers & reviewers worldwide
Lead author (Janet Sawin) & Chapter authors
Regional Contributors , Technology contributors & Rural energy contributors
REN21 Secretariat research support team
The report features:
Global Market Overview, Investment Flows, Industry Trends,
Policy Landscape, Rural Renewable Energy
All renewable energy technologies
Sectors: power, heating/cooling, transport
New elements in 2012:
Rural renewable energy
Renewable energy & energy efficiency www.ren21.net/GSR
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Renewable Energy in the World
RE supplied an estimated 17% of global final energy consumption
UN Secretary General’s goal : doubling the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by 2030
Renewable energy continued to grow strongly despite policy uncertainty in some countries, the geography of renewables is expanding as prices fall and policies spread
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TOP 5 in 2012
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Renewables accounted for nearly half of the estimated 208GW of new electric capacity installed in 2011
Renewable electric power capacity worldwide reached 1,360 GW (+8%) in 2011
Renewable energy comprised more than 25% of global power generation capacity
20.3% of global electricity was produced from renewable energy
Global Market Overview – Power Markets
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Global Market Overview – Heating & Cooling
Transition towards the use of larger systems, increasing use of CHP and district schemes.
Growing trend to use solar resources to generate process heat for industry.
Solar hot water used in over 200 million households and commercial buildings.
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Global Market Overview – Transport
RE used in form of electricity, hydrogen, biogas, liquid biofuels. Liquid biofuels provided 3% of global road transport fuel in 2011.
Electric transport is being tied directly with renewable energy through policy directives in many countries.
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Hydropower
25GW of new hydropower was added in 2011, increasing capacity by nearly 3%, bringing installed capacity to 970GW
Globally hydropower generated 3,400TWh of electricity in 2011. China alone produced 663TWh followed by Brazil (450TWh)
Small, but growing, market is emerging for low capacity hydropower in Asia, Sub Saharan Africa and Latin America
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Solar Power 30GW of new solar PV capacity came into
being in 2011
Solar PV capacity in operation in 2011 is about ten times the global total in 2006
Size of global PV industry exceeds USD 100 billion per year.
460 MW of CSP installed in 2011 bringing the total installed capacity to 1.760 MW
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Wind Power
In 2011, 40GW of wind power capacity was installed, increasing the total to 238GW.
Annual growth rate of cumulative wind power capacity between 2006-2010 averaged at 26%
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Biomass Energy
Biomass energy accounted for over 10% of global primary energy supply in 2011
The present global demand for biomass is 53EJ, mainly used for heating, cooking and industrial applications
Liquid biofuels production grew rapidly at 17% for ethanol and 27% for biodiesel
Europe is the largest market for pellets, biodiesel and biogas.
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Geothermal Energy
205 TWh (738PJ) of district heat and electricity was provided by geothermal resources in 2011
Heat output from geothermal sources grew at 100%p.a. from 2005-2010; reaching 489PJ in 2011
China led in direct geothermal energy use in 2010, followed by the United States, Sweden, Turkey, Japan and Iceland.
Geothermal power became more attractive due to flexibility offered by new technologies such as flash plants combined with binary bottoming cycles for increased efficiency.
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Industry Trends
RE industry saw continued growth in manufacturing, sales and installation
Cost reductions (especially in PV and onshore wind) contributed to growth
Changing policy landscape in many countries industry uncertainties, declining policy support, international financial crisis and barriers to trade
Worldwide jobs in renewable energy industries exceeded 5 million in 2011; clustered primarily in bioenergy and solar industries.
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Investment Flows
Total global investment in RE jumped in 2011to a record of $257 billion , up 17% from 2010 (15 % for Asia Oceania region).
This is 6 times the level of investment in 2004 and 94% more than the total investment in RE in 2007.
Total investment exceeds
$267 billion including estimated $10 billion (unreported) invested in solar hot water
~$282 billion including the $25 billion invested in large hydropower (>50 MW)
Despite the rise in investment, the rate of growth of investment was below the 37% rise in investment from 2009 to 2010.
Source: UNEP/Bloomberg: Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2011
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Investment Flows The top 5 countries for total investment
in 2011 were China, USA, Germany, Italy and India.
Investment in RE in China went up by 17% in 2011
Investment in RE in USA made a significant leap of 57% in 2011.
Investment in Germany (excluding R&D) dipped 12% from the 2010 levels
Investment in RE in India went up by 62% in 2011
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Policy Landscape
Targets in at least 118 countries up from the 96 reported in previous year; more than half are developing countries.
Some setbacks resulting from a lack of long-term policy certainty and stability in many countries
GSR2012 portrays efforts in systematic linking of energy efficiency and renewable energy in the policy arena.
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Policy Landscape
Renewable power generation policies remain the most common type of support policy; Feed-in-tariffs (FIT) and renewable portfolio standards (RPS) are the most commonly instruments. FIT policies were in place in at least 65 countries and 27 states worldwide by early 2012.
Policies to promote renewable heating and cooling expanded.
Almost two-thirds of the world’s largest cities had adopted climate change action plans by the end of 2011, with more than half of them planning to increase their uptake of renewable energy.
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Policy Targets for RE in Asia Pacific
Examples of successful policy measures:
Targets: India targeted the addition of 130MW of off-grid capacity in 2011
Heating and Cooling: South Korea required all public buildings larger than 3000m2 to generate at least 10% of total heat demand through RE
Transport: China is a significant part of the mandate calling for 220billion liters of biofuel by 2022
Labelling: Japan introduced the Green heat Certification Programme in 2010 for solar thermal, adding biomass in 2011
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UN Secretary General’s goal: Global action to achieve universal access to modern energy services by 2030
In order to achieve universal access for all, the current global investments on energy access of annual 9 billion USD need to be increased to 48 billion USD annually
2.6 billion people still employed traditional cookstoves and open fires for heating and cooking in 2011
Large numbers of actors and programmes, with limited coordination, makes impact assessment and data collection in the region a big challenge
Lower prices of renewable energy technology is allowing manufacturers to diversify into emerging markets
Financial models in rural energy include:
• Small retail markets
• Public-Private micro financing initiatives
• National/multi stakeholder programmes
Energy Access
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Rural Renewable Energy in Asia Pacific Electricity Access by Region
• Countries such as Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Myanmar, and Pakistan continue to experience very low rates of rural electrification and to rely largely on traditional biomass
•Philippines expanded its existing Rural Electrification Programme in 2011 with the goal of achieving 90% household electrification by 2017
•In Iran the Power Ministry, has electrified more than 233 households with decentralised PV systems.
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Enabling Framework
Right policy framework
Increased productivity &
growth
Creation of jobs
Improved public health
Enhanced energy
security, more stable climate
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REN21 facilitates global dialogue on RE transition
Stay informed, Stay connected Contribute & Exchange…
www.ren21.net
15-17 January 2013
incl. Launch of
REN21 Global Futures Report
04.09.2012 Seite 32
ASEAN-RESP
Global Status Report 2012
Regional Perspective Asia-Pacific
A Focus on the ASEAN Community
Arne Schweinfurth
GIZ RE Advisor
Renewable Energy Support Programme for ASEAN (ASEAN-RESP)
04.09.2012 Slide 33
ASEAN-RESP
I. ASEAN-RESP II. RE Development in ASEAN Member States III. Drivers and Barriers
04.09.2012 Slide 34
ASEAN-RESP
I. ASEAN-RESP II. RE Development in ASEAN Member States III. Drivers and Barriers
04.09.2012 Slide 35
ASEAN-RESP
ASEAN-RESP: GIZ international energy projects
Ongoing projects
04.09.2012 Slide 36
ASEAN-RESP
ASEAN-RESP: ASEAN Centre for Energy
“Catalyst for the economic growth and development”;
Coordinating regional activities in the energy sector;
Initiating joint activities on energy among the ASEAN member states;
Implementing the “ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation”;
Achieving the target of 15% of RE in the ASEAN energy mix.
04.09.2012 Slide 37
ASEAN-RESP
ASEAN-RESP: Project Background
Jointly implemented by ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) and GIZ;
Supporting the implementation of the APAEC 2010-2015;
Transfering regional know-how and experiences;
Fields of activities
- Networking within the RE sector
- RE policy advice
- RE capacity building
04.09.2012 Slide 38
ASEAN-RESP
I. ASEAN-RESP II. RE Development in ASEAN Member States III. Conclusion and Discussion
04.09.2012 Slide 39
ASEAN-RESP
RE Development: ASEAN Community
High and rising energy demand in all ASEAN member states (e.g.
Indonesia: 7% p.a.);
Increasing costs for fossil fuels;
Energy security and stability of supply of political concern;
ASEAN member states put RE on the political agenda
- 5 ASEAN member states set concrete RE targets
Financial and non-financial incentives for the RE sector are in place
- 6 ASEAN member states provide financial and/or non-financial support
04.09.2012 Slide 40
ASEAN-RESP
Indonesia
04.09.2012 Slide 41
ASEAN-RESP
Indonesia: Increasing Costs for Energy Generation
Coal 23.91%
Crude Oil
46.77%
Natural Gas
24.29%
NRE 5.03%
Source: MEMR, 2012.
Highly dependent on fossil fuels (95%);
Energy demand increasing by 7% per year;
Fuel as well as electricity prices subsidized;
High electricity generation costs.
Energy mix in Indonesia by source (2011):
04.09.2012 Slide 42
ASEAN-RESP
Indonesia: Renewable Energy Targets
Crude Oil 20%
Coal 33%
Natural Gas 30%
Geothermal 5%
Bioenergy 5%
Other RE 5%
Liquified Coal 2%
Official target of 15% RE by 2025;
“Vision 25/25”: 25% by 2025;
Largest share from geothermal and bioenergy.
Electricity generation in Indonesia by source:
Source: MEMR, 2012.
04.09.2012 Slide 43
ASEAN-RESP
Indonesia: RE Support Instruments
Income tax on dividend paid to foreign party at 10%;
Exemption from VAT for taxable goods, machinery and equipment
for RE utilization (not included spare parts);
Exemption from import duty for
- Goods and Machinery for development and capital investment
- Capital Goods for construction and development of electricity industry
Various further exemptions.
04.09.2012 Slide 44 44
Set for 2012 Years in Rp per kWh In USD per kWh Biomass Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Medium Voltage n/a 975 0,1073 Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Low Voltage n/a 1.325 0,1458
Biogas Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Medium Voltage n/a 975 0,1073 Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Low Voltage n/a 1.325 0,1458
Municipal Waste
Zero Waste, Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Medium Voltage n/a 1.050 0,1155
Zero Waste, Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Low Voltage n/a 1.398 0,1538
Sanitary Landfill, Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Medium Voltage n/a 850 0,0935
Sanitary Landfill, Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Low Voltage n/a 1.198 0,1318
Geothermal interconnected with High Voltage 0,0970
General FiT / Technology neutral Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Medium Voltage n/a 656 0,0722 Installed Capacity ≤ 10 MW, Low Voltage n/a 1.004 0,1104
Indonesia: Feed-in-Tariffs
Conversion Factors for Regions in Indonesia:
a. Java / Bali, F = 1
b. Sumatra / Sulawesi, F = 1.2
c. Kalimantanm, West Nusa Tenggara and Nusa East, F = 1.3
d. Maluku and Papua, F = 1.5
Source: MEMR, 2012; GIZ, 2012. .
04.09.2012 Slide 45
ASEAN-RESP
Indonesia: Features
High subsidies for conventionally generated electricity and fossil fuels
hamper the development of RE and burden the state budget;
RE support mechanisms are in place, but incomplete and not
transparent (“case-by-case” decisions, no long-term guarantees);
RE applications are already cost competitive in remote areas, but
not fully accepted as alternative to conventional energy production;
The banking sector does not include RE in its portfolio, project
finance for RE is difficult to obtain.
04.09.2012 Slide 46
ASEAN-RESP
Thailand
04.09.2012 Slide 47
ASEAN-RESP
Source : MoE, 2012.
47
Oil 47,15%
Coal 7,43%
Lignite 4,95%
Hydro (Import) 2,49%
Natural Gas, 37.98%
Thailand: High Import Dependency
Oil and gas main energy sources;
Total imported value of energy resources 37.5 billion
USD (2011).
Energy sources in Thailand:
04.09.2012 Slide 48
ASEAN-RESP
Thailand: Alternative Energy Development Plan 2012-2021
25% of alternative energy in energy consumption by 2021
- 9201 MW of electricity; 9335 ktoe of heat; 39.97 ML/day of biofuel
Energy security and budget relief
- Reduce oil imports for 574,000 million Baht (approx. 18 billion USD)
- Promote private sector investment of 442,000 million Baht (approx. 14
billion USD)
Climate change mitigation
- Decrease CO2 emission for 76 million tons/yr until 2021
04.09.2012 Slide 49
ASEAN-RESP
Thailand: RE Targets and Current Status (example)
Type Current Capacity (MW) Target 2021(MW)
Wind Solar Hydro Biomass Biogas Municipal Solid Waste Tidal & Geothermal
7.28 141.97 95.70 1,790
169.54 27.48 0.30
1,200 2,000 1,608 3,630
600 160
3
TOTAL 2,232.27 9,201
RE electricity generation in Thailand:
Source: MoE, 2012.
Additional capacity: 774 MW p.a.!
04.09.2012 Slide 50
ASEAN-RESP
Thailand: Feed-in “Adder” on electricity price 2012 Adder (Based on figures, released
2010) Special Adder for Diesel Replacement
Special Adder for Three Provinces
Years in THB per kWh in USD per kWh in USD per kWh in USD per kWh Biomass Installed Capacity ≤ 1 MW 7 + 0,5304 + 0,0170 + 0,0330 + 0,0330 Installed Capacity > 1 MW 7 + 0,3120 + 0,0100 + 0,0330 + 0,0330
Biogas Installed Capacity ≤ 1 MW 7 + 0,5304 + 0,0170 + 0,0330 + 0,0330 Installed Capacity > 1 MW 7 + 0,3120 + 0,0100 + 0,0330 + 0,0330
Municipal Waste Landfill and Digestor 7 + 2,5896 + 0,0830 + 0,0330 + 0,0330 Thermal Process 7 + 3,6504 + 0,1170 + 0,0330 + 0,0330
Wind Installed Capacity ≤ 50 kW 10 + 4,6800 + 0,1500 + 0,0500 + 0,0500 Installed Capacity > 50 kW 10 + 3,6504 + 0,1170 + 0,0500 + 0,0500
Small/Micro Hydro 50 kW < Installed Capacity < 200 kW 7 + 0,8424 + 0,0270 + 0,3300 + 0,3300 Installed Capacity ≤ 50 kW 7 + 1,5600 + 0,0500 + 0,0330 + 0,0330
Solar 10 + 6,7704 + 0,2170 + 0,0500 + 0,0500
Source: MoE, 2012; GIZ 2012.
04.09.2012 Slide 51
ASEAN-RESP
Thailand: Features
Thailand was the first mover with regards to RE in the ASEAN region
and successfully established a RE support scheme;
Reliable feed-in mechanism (“Adder”, currently under revision) and
financing scheme (Encon Fund) are in place;
Thai example as “model” for several other countries in the region;
Considerable private sector activity including the finance sector
could be intitiated.
04.09.2012 Slide 52
ASEAN-RESP
Malaysia
04.09.2012 Slide 53
ASEAN-RESP
Malaysia: RE Targets and Current Status
9th Malaysia Plan (2006 – 2010)
- Targeted RE capacity to be connected to power utility grid 350 MW;
- Targeted power generation mix: 56% natural gas, 36% coal, 6% hydro,
0.2% oil, 1.8% Renewable Energy.
RE as of december 2011
- Connected to power utility grid: 68.45 MW (20% from target);
- Off-grid: > 430 MW (mainly private palm oil millers and solar hybrid).
Increased government activities in order to achieve the set targets!
04.09.2012 Slide 54 54
Technology / Source FiT Duration
Range of FiT Rates (RM/kWh)
{USD/kWh}
Annual Degression
Rate in Second Year (After Degression)
Biomass (palm oil waste, agro based)
16
0.27 – 0.35
{0.09 – 0.12}
0.5%
0.268 – 0.348
{0.088 – 0.115}
Biogas (palm oil waste, agro based, farming)
16
0.28 – 0.35
{0.09 – 0.12}
0.5%
0.278 – 0.348 {0.09 – 0.115}
Mini Hydro 21 0.23 – 0.24
{~0.08} 0% 0.23 – 0.24 {~0.08}
Solar PV & PP 21 0.85 – 1.78
{0.28 – 0.59} 8% 0.782 – 1.63 {0.258 – 0.538}
Solid waste & Sewage 16 0.37 – 0.45
{0.12 – 0.15} 1.8% 0.363 – 0.441 {0.12-0.146}
Feed-in Tariff Rates
Malaysia: Feed-in-Tariff
Long term guarantee for FiT;
Grid access for RE guaranteed;
Costs passed on to consumers.
Source: MoE 2012.
04.09.2012 Slide 55
ASEAN-RESP
55
Total
Capacity (MW)
Applications received 839 593.87
Approved Applications
474 381.19
Refused Applications
327 181.82
Applications in process
38 30.85
Malaysia: Feed-in-Tariff FiT Status and Updates (31 May 2012):
Excess demand for installation permits;
Limited capacity to handle applications;
Revision of FiT.
Source: MoE 2012.
04.09.2012 Slide 56
No of Jobs
RE Generation
(MWh)
Installed Capacity
(MW)
56
Malaysia: Feed-in-Tariff
Biomass
Solar PV
Mini Hydro
412
3,789
1,084
4,154
126,514
754,462
451,298
222,313
16.48
126.30
72.25
166.16
Total 9,439
1,554,589 381.19 Total
Biogas
FiT Status and Updates (31 May 2012):
Source: MoE 2012.
04.09.2012 Slide 57
ASEAN-RESP
Malaysia: Features
An elaborated and relatively transparent FiT scheme is in place,
currently under revision;
Attractive tariffs and conditions triggered a big demand among RE
project developers, support scheme not able to fully absorb demand;
Political commitment to RE development is very high in order to
increase energy supply security;
Successful attraction of RE manufacturing capacity (especially PV);
Private financing of RE projects is still not available on a large scale.
04.09.2012 Slide 58
ASEAN-RESP
I. ASEAN-RESP II. RE Development in ASEAN Member States III. Drivers and Barriers
04.09.2012 Slide 59
ASEAN-RESP
Drivers: Promising Preconditions
Abundant renewable resources for energy generation in Southeast Asia
Increasing energy demand and need for energy security;
Volatile and rising costs for conventional energy generation;
Decreasing costs for RE technology and grid parity in remote areas (small hydropower, PV);
Low electrification rates and need to provide modern energy services to all households;
Political will to promote RE (4 countries with feed-in schemes).
04.09.2012 Slide 60
ASEAN-RESP
Source: WEO 2011; ASEAN-RESP 2012; PLN 2012; MoEM Lao PDR 2012.
Electrification Ratio in the ASEAN
Drivers: Highlight – Low Electrification Rate
Country Electrification Rate (%)
Unelectrified Population
(million, approx.)
Myanmar 26.0 44.4
Cambodia 24.0 10.6
Laos PDR 78.0 1.4
Indonesia 73.7 62.4
Total ASEAN-4 53.8 118.8
Philippines 89.7 9.5
Vietnam 97.3 2.1
Thailand 99.3 0.5
Malaysia 99.4 0.2
Brunei 99.7 0.0
Singapore 100.0 0.0
Total ASEAN-6 95.6 12.3
Total ASEAN-10 73.9 131.1
04.09.2012 Slide 61
ASEAN-RESP
Barriers: Challenges in RE Inception and Take-Off (examples)
Inception Take-Off Consolidation
Thailand
IndonesiaPhilippines
INDONESIA• Lack of information related to policy,
regulatory frameworks, financing mechanisms
• Lack of streamlined procedures related to market and grid access rules
• Financial institutions’ lack of understanding on RE projects
PHILIPPINES• Policy and regulatory frameworks under
the RE Act need to be implemented• Banks have lack of confidence on RE
projects
THAILAND• Need a longer timeframe for feed-in adder
and fiscal incentives• Need an appropriate incentives for each
RE type• Need for a clearer policy and predictable
support• Need to streamline procedures• More transparent and elaborate grid
interconnection rules• Need for a clearer policy on local content
requirements, local industry and expertise development
Source: ACE 2012.
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ASEAN-RESP
Barriers: Unclear Long-term Perspectives
“Teething trouble” which accompanies new developments (Thailand, Malaysia)
Lack of long-term predictability of RE support schemes (Indonesia)
Intransparent procedures and case-by-case decision making (Indonesia)
Lack of data and data inconsistency (ASEAN member states);
Absence of a regional market (common technical norms and standards);
Stable investment environment only partly established.
04.09.2012 Slide 63
ASEAN-RESP
Thank you! Further information: http://resp.aseanenergy.org/
Time for Q&A
Questions
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Your participation is appreciated!
Thank you!
An audio recording of this Webinar and the PowerPoint
presentations will be available following the webinar Please visit:
http://www.leonardo-energy.org/webinar-ren-21-global-status-report-2012-asia-pacific-focus
or http://cleanenergysolutions.org/training
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