GSM BASED WIRELESS HOME APPLIANCES CONTROL
AND SECURITY SYSTEM
KHAIRUL MUSLIM BIN NORDIN
A report submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of
Bachelor of Engineering (Electrical – Mechatronic)
Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
APRIL 2010
ii
iii
Dedicated, in thankful appreciation for support, encouragement and understandings
to my beloved mother and father, brother and sister,
and as well as my supportive friends
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, I would like to take this opportunity to express my
grateful to ALLAH because give me a good health and destiny to me finish this
project.
Secondly, I would like to express my warmest gratitude to my supportive
supervisor, En. Mohd Ariffanan Bin Mohd Basri who has provided immeasurable
support and guidance toward the completion of my research project. His remarkable
ideas and suggestions will be much appreciated in the long run of my career.
My sincere appreciation also goes to my family especially my father Nordin
Bin Sani and my beloved mothers Salmiah Binti kamal who has been so tolerant and
supportive in all these years either morally or financially. Thanks for their continuous
encouragement, love and emotional supports that they had given to me all this while.
I also would like thank to all my friends who had given me helps technically
and mentally throughout my journey in completing my project. I thank you from the
bottom of my heart. I wish you all the best in life and hope that our friendship will
last forever.
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ABSTRACT
In Malaysia, almost every day house theft cases reported in local newspapers.
These cases have been one of the most serious problems that happen in our country,
Malaysia. Not like other previous cases, thieves nowadays are too aggressive and
brutal. This is because today, the thieves use a variety of ways, including killing.
Many people use criminal methods to sufficient their need of life, theft and robbery
when the home owners are not in the house. Therefore, various methods can be used
to overcome this problem. Based on the events above, the project can be developing
to make our home secure and safe. So the purpose of project is to design and develop
a home security system that can provide security against intrusion and other
emergency situation using a wireless technology. In addition to the house theft cases,
today many people are facing difficulties to control home appliances, especially for
the elderly and disabled. Therefore, this project is developed to control a home
appliance. The main component to develop the project is using PIC 16F877A. The
two detectors of motion sensor and magnetic contact sensors are used as the input of
PIC and two home appliances are a fan and a lamp as home appliances to be
controlled using a mobile phone.
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ABSTRAK
Di Malaysia, hampir setiap hari kes kecurian rumah dilapor dalam akhbar-
akhbar tempatan. Peningkatan kes ini amat membimbangkan kerana ia boleh
mendatangkan bahaya kepada orang ramai. Ini adalah kerana pada zaman sekarang
pencuri menggunakan pelbagai cara termasuklah dengan cara membunuh asalkan ia
dapat memenuhi kemahuan mereka. Disamping itu pencuri pada zaman sekarang
sering bertindak secara agresif dan brutal. Kes kecurian rumah juga sering berlaku
jika seseorang tiada di rumah.Oleh yang demikian, pelbagai cara boleh digunakan
bagi mengatasi masalah ini. Antaranya adalah dengan menghasilkan satu sistem yang
boleh menjaga dan mengawasi rumah walaupun ia ditinggalkan. Dengan ini, tujuan
utama projek ini dihasilkan adalah untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Projek ini
adalah untuk menghasilkan satu sistem keselamatan rumah menggunakan teknologi
tanpa wayar. Selain kes kecurian rumah, pada zaman sekarang banyak kesulitan
dihadapi untuk mengawal peralatan rumah terutama sekali bagi golongan tua dan
cacat anggota. Oleh itu, projek ini juga dihasilkan untuk memudahkan mengawal
peralatan rumah.Projek ini dihasilkan dengan menggunakan PIC 16F877A sebagai
peranti utama. Dua pengesan iaitu “motion sensor” dan “magnetic contact sensor”
digunakan sebagai masukan PIC dan dua jenis alat rumah iaitu kipas dan lampu
dijadikan sebagai alat untuk dikawal dengan menggunakan telefon.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE
DECLARATION ii
DEDICATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
ABSTRAK vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES xi
LIST OF FIGURES xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES xvi
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Chapter Overview 1
1.2 Background 1
1.3 Problem Statement 2
1.4 Objective 3
1.5 Scope of Project 4
1.6 Thesis Outline 4
viii
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 5
2.1 Chapter Overview 5
2.2.Previous Project 6
2.2.1 Similar Research Done by UTM Student 6
2.2.1.1 Wireless Home Security System by
LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM
6
2.2.1.2 Wireless Alarm System Using
Microcontroller by MOHD ARIF BIN
MD KURDI
7
2.2.1.3 “Sistem Penggera Keselamatan
Rumah Kediaman Mudah Dan
Pintar” by MOHD ROSLI BIN
MAMAT
8
2.2.2 Others Related Projects 9
2.2.2.1 Home Security System by CHUN-PAI
JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG CAO
from Cornell University
9
2.2.2.2 Monitoring and Controlling of Device
Using GSM by PRIYANKA from
India
9
2.3 Reviews The Software and Hardware 10
2.3.1 Hardware Review 10
2.3.1.1 PIC 16F877A Microcontroller 10
2.3.1.2 Sensor 11
2.3.1.2.1 Magnetic Contact Sensor 11
2.3.1.2.2 Motion Sensor 12
2.3.1.3 Mobile Phone 13
2.3.1.4 MAX232 and D9 14
2.3.1.5 RS-232 Serial Port 15
2.3.2 Software Review 16
ix
2.3.2.1 MikroC 16
2.3.2.2 Microsoft Visual Basic 2008 17
2.3.2.3 Overview of GSM Technology 17
2.3.2.4 Advantages of GSM 18
2.3.2.5 GSM Modem 18
2.3.2.6 AT COMMAND 19
3 METHODOLOGY 21
3.1 Chapter Overview 21
3.2 Stage of Methodology and Approach 21
3.3 The Work Flow For The Whole Project 22
3.3.1 Make a Research and Study 22
3.3.2 Planning 24
3.3.3 Hardware Implementation 27
3.3.3.1 Voltage Regulator 27
3.3.3.2 Reset (MCLR) 28
3.3.3.3 Interface PIC16F877A With Motion
Sensor
29
3.3.3.4 Interface PIC16F877A With Magnetic
Contact Sensor
30
3.3.3.5 Interface PIC16F877A With Fan and
Lamp
31
3.3.3.6 Interface PIC16F877A With Buzzer 31
3.3.3.7 In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)
for Programming PIC Microcontroller
32
3.3.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Circuit 32
3.3.4 Software Implementation
3.3.4.1 Programming the hardware using
MicroC
35
36
x
3.3.4.2 Motion sensor programming 38
3.3.4.3 Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming 40
3.3.4.4 Home Appliances (Fan and Lamp)
Programming
42
3.3.4.5 Graphic User Interface 43
3.3.5 Analysis and Testing 44
3.3.5.1 Testing the AT COMMAND 44
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 47
4.1 Chapter Overview 47
4.2 The Block Diagram for This Project 47
4.3 How Does it Work? 48
4.4 The Result for This Project 49
4.4.1 For The Security System 49
4.4.2 For The Wireless Home Appliances Control 54
4.4.3 To Exit The System 57
5 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 58
5.1 Conclusion 58
5.2 Limitations 59
5.3 Suggestion and Future Development 59
REFERENCES 60
Appendices A – D 61- 69
xi
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE
2.1 Example of AT COMMAND 20
3.1 Baud Rate Formula 34
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE
2.1 The Overall System 7
2.2 Overall Wireless Home Security System 8
2.3 Pin Out of PIC 16F877A 11
2.4 The Picture Shows the Magnetic Sensor with
Magnet
12
2.5 This Picture Shows the Installation of Sensor and
Magnet on the Door
12
2.5 Motion Sensor 13
2.6 Pin Assignments of MAX232 IC 14
2.7 D-9 Connecter Configuration 14
2.8 RS-232 PC Connector 15
3.1 Flow of Methodology 21
3.2 The Grant Chart for FYP 1 26
3.3 The Grant Chart for FYP 2 26
3.4 The Circuit of Voltage Regulator 27
3.5 The Placement of Motion Sensor in a Hardware
Prototype
29
3.6 The Circuit of Motion Sensor to PIC 29
3.7 The Placement of Magnetic Contact Sensor in a
Hardware Prototype
30
3.8 The Circuit of Magnetic Contact Sensor to PIC 30
3.9 The Placement of Fan and Lamp in a Hardware
Prototype
31
3.10 The Circuit of Fan and Lamp to PIC 31
3.11 The Connected of USB Programmer 32
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3.12 The Serial Communication Interface Circuit 33
3.13 The Hardware Prototype 34
3.14 PICkit 2 Software Interface 37
3.15 USB ICSP Programmer Device 37
3.16 Flow Chart for Motion Sensor Programming 39
3.17 Flow Chart for Magnetic Sensor Programming 41
3.18 Flow Chart for ON/OFF Lamp 42
3.19 Flow Chart for ON/OFF Fan 43
3.20 Main of Graphic User Interface 43
3.21 Output of Graphic User Interface 44
3.22 The Hyper Terminal Connection Setup 45
3.23 Hyper Terminal Com Port Setup 45
3.24 The Interface for write AT command 46
3.25 Testing The AT Command 46
4.1 The Block Diagram for Security System 47
4.2 The Block Diagram for Home Appliances Control 48
4.3 The Main System 49
4.4 The Login This System 50
4.5 The Output Graphical User Interface 50
4.6 The System Show User Chosen the Com Port 51
4.7 The Hardware Prototype 52
4.8 The System Show When the Magnetic Contact
Sensor is Active
52
4.9 The System Show When the Motion Sensor is
Active
53
4.10 The Hardware Prototype Show a Lamp is Light 54
4.11 The System Show a Lamp is Light 54
4.12 The System Show a lamp is non active 55
4.13 The Hardware Prototype Show a fan is Active 55
4.14 The System Show a fan is Active 56
4.15 The System Show a Fan is Non Active 56
4.16 The System Show When the Exit Button Pressed 57
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
BOR
BRG
CTS
DCD
DSR
DTE
DTR
EEPROM
Fosc
GUI
GSM
IC
ICSP
LCD
LED
NC
PDU
PIC
Brownout Reset
Baud Rate Generator
Clear To Send
Data Carrier Detect
Data Set Ready
Data Terminal Equipment
Data Terminal Ready
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only
Memory
Oscillator’s Frequency
Graphical User Interface
Global System For Mobile Communications
Integrated Circuit
In-Circuit Serial Programming
Liquid Crystal
Light Emitter Diode
Normally Closed
Protocol Data Unit
Peripheral Interface Controller
xv
PIR
POR
RAM
RF
RI
ROM
RSCR
RTS
RXD
SIM
SCI
SMS
TDMA
TXD
USART
UTM
Passive Infrared
Power-On Reset
Random Access Memory
Receiver Frequency
Ring Indicator
Read-Only Memory
Receive Status And Control Register
Request to Send
Received Data
Subscriber Identity Module
Serial Communication Interface
Short Message Service
Time Division Multiple access
Transmitted Data
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
xvi
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX TITLE PAGE
A Main Board Circuit Schematic 61
B Programming For Hardware 62
C Programming For Interfacing 65
D Project Prototype 69
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter will briefly discuss on the project background. This chapter also
discusses the problem statement, the objective of this project, the scope of the project
and the thesis outline.
1.2 Background
Home wireless security systems are becoming increasingly popular and it is
being a necessary nowadays. There are many benefits to using these compared to
conventional systems. There are many products of Wireless Home Security Systems
in the market. The price depends on how advance the system is. Normally today
home security system is in wireless form rather than wired form. The reasons are
wireless can saves cost of wiring, easy to install, occupy lesser space, easy for
maintenance and more reliable.
2
Besides that, the wireless also capability become as an appliances control in
the home. The capability of controlling home appliances in a wireless and remote
fashion has provided a great convenience to many people in life. Through a wireless
remote controller, people can do remote operation without directly accessing the host
of a home appliance. The home appliances like fan, lamp, television, washing
machines and others.
Therefore in this project the GSM is the type of wireless that chooses. It is
because it's the GSM is better than others wireless. It is suitable to install the systems
that need a wide range. It also can monitor the signal strength and more adaptable. So
it is suitable to become a controller for home appliances and for security system.
1.3 Problem Statement
Nowadays, most couples leave for work early in the morning and get back
only in the evening. Most people also have to travel to other cities for their work.
When they are away, their house is empty and unguarded. Therefore case like theft
and robbery is easy to occur because the home owners are not in the house. The
Multidimensional crisis like theft and robbery is one of the most serious problems
that happen in this country. The based solution is to develop home security system
using a wireless to keeps your house safe from intruders and enables you to work in
peace.
Based on the events above, the project can be developing to make our home
secure and safe. We never anxious and worried anymore even we leave the house. So
this project is to design and develop a home security system that can provide security
against intrusion and other emergency situation by alarm via short message service
(SMS).
3
Today there are a many wireless home security alarm system available in the
market. Some are designed for very high security level protection and some are basic
type. Most of the alarm systems are very expensive and therefore not affordable by
poor or middle class families. Some systems which cheaper in cost do not provide
reliable features like status checking. To provide the public with a cost effective
wireless security system, it is important to design a low cost system with advanced
features which ease the residents' life and benefits the public and also will decrease
the crime rate of Malaysia.
Besides that, to develop and the system that can control and monitor the
device in our home is a good matter. It is can be easy to simplify the daily works. It
is important because the system can be help the disabled and elderly through the
realization of a fully automated home. So this project will develops and design the
home appliances that can control and monitoring the lamp and fan in the house.
1.4 Objective
The main objective of this project is to design and develop a home security
system that can provide security against intrusion and other emergency situation by
alarm via short message service (SMS). The primary objective of this project is to
design and develop a system that can control home appliances remotely with hand
phone through SMS. The system can control two numbers of home appliances are
lamp and fan only. Another objective of this project is to produce the system that an
inexpensive, user- friendly, small of size and easy to install.
4
1.5 Scope of Project
The scope of this projects are divide by two part that hardware and software.
In the hardware part is to design circuit for the overall systems include the
component, 16F877A microcontroller and sensor that used. And then, design circuit
to make a connection to computer interface and mobile phone device.
In software part are programming the PIC microcontroller using MicroC
compiler. To make interface in computer by using visual basic 2008. Lastly, to make
a connection between computer and hardware to mobile phone that support GSM
modem by using AT command and suitable software.
1.6 Thesis Outline
This thesis is divided into five chapters. In chapter 1, an introduction of
project is presented along with the project objective, scope of this project and the
expected outcome for this project. In chapter 2 is begin with the literature review the
previous project or thesis that related with this project. Then in this chapter also
provides a review on the research of the components and software that are used in
this project. The chapter 3 are discusses the methodology and approach that used to
develop this project. The chapter 4 are discusses the result and discussion. And the
last chapter are summarizes this project, discusses of the limitation of this project and
suggests possible future works.
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Chapter Overview
Literature review was carried out throughout the whole project to gain
knowledge and skills needed to complete this project. The main sources for this
project are the previous project and thesis that is related to this project. And the other
sources are books, journals and articles obtained from internet. So this chapter
discusses the projects and theses related to this project. This chapter also discusses a
related researches conducted by previous UTM students.
Therefore, by analysis the project did by other researchers, there is a
possibility to know what features are lacking in their projects. It is very important to
improve and to develop a successful project. This project also will recommend some
future works that could be done to improve the same project. So there are some
useful ideas that can be implemented in this project from other similar projects.
Besides that, when reviewing the previous works or project a proper expect
how this project can be conducted and the features that have to be added to make this
project reliable and marketable are enlightened. By reviewing the previous works or
6
project also have been referred to carefully before kick start this project to produce a
better and more relevant system to the targeted market.
Then, the theories and related knowledge are also important matter to develop
this project. It has been acquired and implemented in achieving the objectives of this
project. So the books, journals and articles are the right source to get it. The
knowledge is very important as guideline to determine the component and what
software that be used for this project.
2.2 Previous Project
2.2.1 Similar Research Done by UTM Student
2.2.1.1 Wireless Home Security System by LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM
The project is to design the home security by alarm system. The alarm system
should check the status of the transmitter of the system regularly to ensure that the
system could function without any failure. The failure of the transmitter will be
indicated at the receiver through LEDs and the buzzer beeping sound. The project is
to develop an alarm system for a house. The system can be operated through a
password secured remote control. The remote can arm and disarm the whole system
or each individual zone. The components that the project used are PIC16F877A
microcontroller, encoder HT12E, LCD, 4X4 keypad, transmitter and receiver
module.
7
There are some limitations in this project is only one transmitter and one
receiver is built for this project so the system cannot perform bi-directional
communication which allowed the receiver to send signals to transmitter to request
the status of the transmitter because the communication between the transmitter and
the receiver is only one way communication.
2.2.1.2 Wireless Alarm System Using Microcontroller by MOHD ARIF BIN MD
KURDI
The project is to build an alarm system that can cover all places in the house
and alert home owner instantly. The house will be divided to eight different zones
and each zone will have its own signal frequency. If there happened to be a security
breach in the house which trigger a sensor at any one of the eight zones, the
transmitter will send a signal to the receiver. The receiver is connected to the
microcontrollers which will automatically triggers the output siren and flash a LED
that will indicate the zone of the security breach. So that the owner will know at
which zone the theft is hiding. The siren and the flashing LED can be disarmed by
using either remote control button or onboard disarming button. The project are using
PIC 16F877A microcontroller as a main controller.
The figure below show the overall system conducted by Mohd Arif Bin Md Kurdi :
Figure 2.1: The Overall System
Keypad Buzzer
Receiver
LCD
LED
PIC
16F877A
Sensor from
8 zones Transmitter
Remote
control
8
2.2.1.3 ‘Sistem Penggera Keselamatan Rumah Kediaman Mudah dan Pintar’ by
MOHD ROSLI BIN MAMAT
The project used the RF transmission and the project cover 4 to 5 zones. The
components that this project used are encoder, voltage regulator, RF module,
Antenna, decoder, PIC 16F877A microcontroller and alarm. The project limitations
are:
1. Expensive due to the voltage regulator is an end product purchased from
the market.
2. Big in size.
3. Encoder-decoder not fully utilized; 15 data only used for 5 zones.
4. The PIC micro-controller which can do more functions beside trigger
alarm.
5. Difficult to control because the system can be activated and deactivated
through switching the power supply only.
The figure below show the overall system conducted by Mohd Rosli in Mamat :
Figure 2.2: Overall Wireless Home Security System
9
2.2.2 Others Related Projects
2.2.2.1 Home Security System by CHUN-PAI JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG
CAO from Cornell University.
The project is a digital home security system with voice feature which can
monitor room temperature, smoke, motion, windows and doors. This project built a
wired home security system using different type of sensors. The project using the
traditional magnetic switch equipped on doors and windows. Besides that, the project
also using the temperature sensor, smoke detectors, and motion sensor. In this project
the security system will sound an alert when there is an attempt of break-in or if there
is possible smoke or fire. This project is built without considering how the owner of
the system could switch off the system when he enters the armed house from outside.
This is because the main control unit of the system is attached inside the house.
2.2.2.2 Monitoring and Controlling Of Device Using GSM by PRIYANKA from
India
The project is designed and developed a wireless communication link to
monitor and control equipments that are far away from user and also develop a
higher security system to keep a check on them. This project are using ATMEL
89S52 microcontroller as an IC microcontroller. In this project at the transmitter is a
mobile phone which uses certain codes corresponding to a particular relay to which
the device is connected. And at the receiver the GSM modem receives the massage
from the mobile phone and gives it to the microcontroller which act to control the
devices.
10
2.3 Reviews the Software and Hardware
2.3.1 Hardware Review
2.3.1.1 PIC 16F877A Microcontroller
PIC is a family of Harvard architecture microcontrollers made by Microchip
Technology, derived from the PIC1640 originally developed by General Instrument's
Microelectronics Division. The name PIC initially referred to "Programmable
Interface Controller.
It has two types of internal memories. These memories are program memory
and data memory. Program memory is provided by 8K words of flash Memory, and
data memory has two sources. One type of data memory is a 368-byte RAM (random
access memory) and the other is 256-byte EEPROM (Electrically erasable
programmable ROM). The core feature includes interrupt capability up to 14 sources,
power saving sleep mode, and single 5V In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP)
capability. The sink/source current, which indicates a driving power from I/O port, is
high with 25mA. Power consumption is less than 2mA in 5V operating condition.
PICs are popular with developers and hobbyists alike due to their low cost,
wide availability, large user base, extensive collection of application notes,
availability of low cost or free development tools, and serial programming (and
reprogramming with flash memory) capability. PIC16F877A is so popular because it
is very cheap. Apart from that, it is also very easy to be assembled. The additional
components that you need to make this IC work are just a 5V power supply adapter,
a 20MHz crystal oscillator and 2 units of 22pF capacitors. This IC can be
11
reprogrammed and erased up to 10,000 times. Therefore it is very good for new
product development phase.
Below shows PIC 16F877A and its pin out.
Figure 2.3: Pin Out of PIC 16F877A
2.3.1.2 Sensor
2.3.1.2.1 Magnetic Contact Sensor
Magnetic contacts are usually NC (Normally Closed) and are used on doors
and windows. It is consists of two parts, namely a magnet and a reed switch. When
the reed switch is in close proximity to the magnet, the switch will close and vice
versa. Usually the magnet is fitted to the door and the reed switch is fitted to the door
frame in close proximity to one another such that when the door is closed, the two
parts are in close contact and hence the switch is closed. When the door is opened,
12
the magnet will be a distance away from the reed switch and hence the switch will
open.
Figure 2.4: The Picture Shows the Magnetic Sensor with Magnet
Figure 2.5: This picture shows the installation of Sensor and magnet on the
door.
2.3.1.2.2 Motion Sensor
This Motion/ PIR Sensor Switch can detect the Infrared rays released by
Human Body Motion within the Detection Area (6 Meters). The PIR (Passive
Infrared) sensor can sense even at night time. The sensor can fix near the door to
13
check the motion near to the door. So if someone enters into the detection area of the
sensor, the microcontroller will read it and inform the mobile and you can hear a
voice alarm "Motion Detected".
Figure 2.6: Motion Sensor
2.3.1.3 Mobile Phone
Today’s technology make the possessing of a mobile a basic commodity and
the trends in wireless technology is changing from day to day. Today the emphasis is
on how to develop remote devices operate without the presence of man in order to
reduce the time factor and labor, and thus making the controlling of any electronic
devices through a touch cell phone with one SMS is possible. So this project used the
mobile phone as a GSM Modem. It is a multi-functional, ready to use, rugged unit
that can be embedded or plugged into any application. The mobile phone can be
controlled and customized to various levels by using the standard AT Command. For
this project K770i Sony Ericson are chosen as a mobile phone. This mobile phone is
support with GSM.
14
2.3.1.4 MAX232 and D9
MAX232 was created for one purpose, to interface between Data Terminal
Equipment (DTE) and Data Communications Equipment (DCE) employing serial
binary data interchange. So as stated the DTE is the terminal or computer and the
DCE is the modem or other communications device. MAX232 is an IC which is used
to change signals from a RS-232 serial to match the circuit it interfaces with.
Figure 2.8: Pin Assignments of MAX232 IC
The D-subminiature-9 or D-sub-9 is an electrical connector which is
commonly used in computers. The RS-232 serial port is using D-sub-9 to connect
with PC. In this case, the D-sub-9 female is used to connect with male D-sub-9
connector at PC.
Figure 2.9: D-9 Connecter Configuration
15
2.3.1.5 RS-232 Serial Port
RS-232 is a popular communication protocol for connecting modems and
data acquisition devices to computer. RS-232 is limited to point-to-point connection
between PC serial ports and devices. Its hardware can be used for serial
communication up to distances of 50 feet. A nine pin D plug has become the
standard fitting for the serial ports of PC. The pin connection uses are shown in
Table 2.2. The connector on the PC has male pins. Therefore the mating cable needs
to terminate in a DB9/F (female pin) connector.
In RS-232, user data is sent as a time-series of bits. Both synchronous and
asynchronous transmissions are supported by the standard. Each data or control
circuit only operates in one direction, which is, signaling from a Data Terminal
Equipment (DTE) to the attached Data Circuit-terminating Equipment (DCE) or the
reverse.
Figure 2.10: RS-232 PC Connector
Pin1 = Input, Data Carrier Detect (DCD)
Pin2 = Input, Received Data (RXD)
Pin3 = Output, Transmitted Data (TXD)
Pin4 = Output, Data Terminal Ready (DTR)
Pin5 = Signal Ground
Pin6 = Input, Data Set Ready (DSR)
Pin7 = Output, Request to Send (RTS)
Pin8 = Input, Clear To Send (CTS)
Pin9 = Input, Ring Indicator (RI)
16
2.3.2 Software Review
2.3.2.1 MikroC
MikroC is an advanced and comprehensive C compiler for PIC MCUs. It
supports languages such as assembly, ANSI (with minor modifications) and so on.
The output format is usually in assembly, Binary or Hex. Applications for PIC can be
developed quickly and easily with many practical examples provided in MikroC. The
MikroC includes a number of useful implemented tools to help in developing the
application more quickly and comfortably.
For example:
1. USART Terminal
MikroC includes USART (Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver
Transmitter) terminal for RS232 communication - baud rate control, RTS and
DTR commands.
2. EEPROM Editor
Built- in EEPROM Editor allow you to easily manage EEPROM of PIC
microcontroller.
3. ASCII Chart
ASCII Chart is a handy tool, particularly useful when working with LCD display.
4. MicroBootloader
This is a function to burn the program in hex file into the PIC through the
specified Boot loader to the respective PIC.
17
2.3.2.2 Microsoft Visual Basic 2008
The traditional languages are considered as procedural language where the
program specifies the exact sequence of all operations. Program logic determines the
next instruction to execute in response to response to conditions and user request.
Microsoft Visual Basic uses a different approach, which is object oriented
programming. It is an event driven programming language where programs are no
longer procedural or does not follow a sequential logic. This software allows the
designed programs run under the windows without complexity associated with
windows programming. Standard windows buttons can be hold on design screen
such as command buttons, text boxes and so on. Each of these windows objects
produces a standard user interface that makes the program becomes user friendly.
2.3.2.3 Overview of GSM Technology
GSM stands for Global System for Mobile communication. It is a huge,
rapidly expanding and successful technology. During the period of Evolution of
mobile communication technologies various systems were introduced and deployed
to achieve standardization in mobile industry but all the efforts were failed. Multiple
issues were sustained like incompatibility of systems, development of digital radio
frequency. That is when GSM Technology was introduced and problems like
standardization, incompatibility etc were overcame. TDMA solution was chosen in
1987, it is narrowband system and TDMA standards for Time Division Multiple
access.
18
2.3.2.4 Advantages of GSM
The advantages of GSM are:
1. GSM uses radio frequencies efficiently and due to the digital radio path, the
system tolerates more intercell disturbances.
2. The average speech quality is better than in analogue system.
3. Data transmission is supported throughout the GSM system.
4. Speech is encrypted and subscriber information security is guaranteed.
5. With ISDN compatibility new services are offered.
6. International roaming is technically possible within all country using the
GSM system.
7. The large market increases competition and lowers prices both for investment
and usage.
2.3.2.5 GSM Modem
A GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless
network. A wireless modem is similar to a dial up modem. The main differences
between them is that a dial-up modem sends and receives data through a fixed copper
telephone line while a wireless modem sends and receives data through radio waves
or wireless networks.
There are three different types of GSM Modem, and it can be categorized as follows:
1. A GSM modem can be an external modem device, such as the Wave com
FASTRACK Modem. External modem can be connected through a serial
port, a USB port, a Bluetooth link or an infrared link. The actual way to
19
use depends on the capability of the GSM modem. Need to insert a GSM
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card into this modem.
2. A GSM modem can be a PC Card/PCMCIA Card installed in a notebook
computer, such as the Nokia Card Phone.
3. A GSM modem could also be a standard GSM hand phone with the
appropriate cable and software driver to connect to a serial port on your
computer.
2.3.2.6 AT COMMAND
AT command is the command uses to control the GSM modem or mobile
phone to perform task for example SMS sending or phone calling. In this project, AT
command is only used to send out the SMS. The AT commands held a very
important role in this project as the project key advantage is focus on the auto SMS
function.
The AT command can be write and tested through the hyper terminal. Before
the writing of AT command, the mobile has to test in order to determine which type
of SMS mode it is supporting. The SMS mode is divided is into 2 types, one is called
PDU mode and another is called text mode. For PDU mode, the message content that
wish to send has to convert to HEX code before sending is made. For text mode,
SMS can simply be the alphabet format that we written normally. There are also
mobile phones that support type of SMS mode. Therefore it’s easier if mobile phone
that supports both modes is used.
20
The AT command set was developed by Hayes Microcomputer Products and
this command is recognized by virtually all modems. The modem supports the
standard and extended Hayes AT command set. In addition to this common set of
standard AT commands, mobile phones and GSM modems support an extended set
of AT commands. One use of the extended AT commands is to control the sending
and receiving of SMS messages. These extended AT commands are defined in the
GSM standards.
Extended AT commands allow us to:
1. Reading, writing and deleting SMS messages.
2. Sending SMS messages.
3. Monitoring the signal strength.
4. Monitoring the charging status and charge level of the battery.
5. Reading, writing and searching phone book entries.
Table 2.1: Example of AT COMMAND
CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Chapter Overview
Before starting the project, it is important to determine the methodology used
to make sure this project is a success. So in this chapter will discuss about the
methods and approaches that have been used from the beginning until the end of this
project.
3.2 Stage of Methodology and Approach
Below show the methodology and approach for this project:
Figure 3.1: Flow of Methodology
Make a research and study Planning
Hardware implementation Software implementation
Analysis and test
22
3.3 The work flow for the whole project
3.3.1 Make a research and study
In this stage, gather the information about the project via Internet, journals,
magazines, published work and reference books. So searching more information
relating wireless home security system is very important for begin this project. From
there, the important features of good wireless home security system can be
indentifying. Besides that, Full understanding and literature review on wireless home
system are needed.
Then in this stage, Survey has been done on wireless home security system
and wireless home appliances control products available in the market. It is very
important because their features are deeply analyzed and then it can be implemented
in my project. Below are the wireless home security system products in the market:
1. Night GUARDIAN Motion Sensor Light
Night GUARDIAN Motion Light Sensors enhance convenience and security by
automatically turning on one or more lights or other devices whenever presence is
detected. They are designed for use with one or more lights up to 600 watts. With no
minimum load requirement they can be used with low wattage appliances such as
fluorescent lamps, alarms and video cameras.
23
2. Techko Solar Powered Magnetic Sensor Entry Alarm
Features
1. Use on non-tinted transparent windows, sliding non-tinted transparent doors
facing sunlight
2. Built in 90dB alarm
3. No tools installation
4. Ultra thin design
3. Hi-Res Varifocal Indoor Day/Night Dome Camera
This camera offers crisp clear images designed for most interior security
applications. This camera is a UN Ultra Low Light Camera offering Back Light
compensation, Automatic Gain control, Auto White Balance, Motion detection, and
Programmable Privacy Zones.
24
4. Glass Break Detector
Features
1. Adjustable and shock sensitive.
2. Cover a large area of windows.
3. Radius coverage is 50 Feet.
4. Range: 240 feet restricted - 450 feet unrestricted.
Next, the concept of Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) needs
to be understood. This concept is very important because the project will be used the
system as a main system. Furthermore, theory in how SMS is being transmitted and
the protocol of mobile phone also needed to be understood. This can be done by
doing a lot of literature reviews. Therefore also went through the relevant thesis done
by previous graduates in UTM and other projects that are related with this project.
3.3.2 Planning
In this stage, the previous works related to this project are studied and
analyzed in order to determine the disadvantages in their researches or projects.
Then, the lacking features in their works are improved and implemented in this
project.
25
Next, search more information about the suitable components that will be
used in this project. This process really takes a time since need to decide the exact
components for the project. In this step, facing difficulty in getting some of the
desired components.
Then, make analyzed the information about the component and choose the
suitable component for this project.
After the analyzed below the important component that will be used for this
project:
1. PIC 16F877A
2. IC MAXIM 232
3. MAX 232 converter
4. Mobile Phone
5. Magnetic contact sensor
6. Motion sensor
7. Fan
8. LED as a lamp
Therefore to planning the process or step for my project is very important.
The planning process is creating by using the grant chat.
26
Below the grant chart that show the planning.
FINAL YEAR PROJECT 1 (FYP 1)
Figure 3.2: The Grant Chart for FYP 1
FINAL YEAR PROJECT 2 (FYP 2)
Figure 3.3: The Grant Chart for FYP 2
No Tasks/activities December January February March
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1 Project overview
2 Hardware develop
3 Software develop
4 Hardware and
software
implementation
5 Analysis and test
6 Thesis writing
7 Final presentation
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1 Briefing on FYP
2 Determine topic of interest
3 Discuss topic with supervisor
4 Literature review
5 Submit proposal
6 Study on technology related
7 Presentation preparation
8 Determine hardware to purchase
9 Thesis writing
10 Submit thesis for FYP 1
July August September October
HA
RI R
AY
A B
RE
AK
No Tasks/activities
27
3.3.3 Hardware Implementation
To design this project, the circuit design and hardware development play an
important role. Where, all the hardware part such as sensor, PIC16F877A
microcontroller and voltage regulator are combined together.
Besides that, the availability of the hardware and its cost are considered in
choosing the components. Cost is important in this project since this system is
targeted on a low cost product.
Then, the hardware is studied based on the theories and its interfacing with
other components.
3.3.3.1 Voltage regulator
Figure 3.4: The Circuit of Voltage Regulator
LM 7805
Voltage regulator Switch ON/OFF
Power Supply Button master reset
Power Indicator
28
The main component to design the voltage regulator is LM 7805 voltage
regulator. The LM7805 will generate some heat at the power supply. The power
source is from the battery or AC to DC adaptor. Normally the power supply is from
9V to 12V. LM7805 (1A maximum) will regulate the given voltage to 5V (VCC) to
supply to the PIC16F877A and pull-up the push button (input). The purpose of using
diode IN4007 (D1) is for circuit protection in case the polarity of the power source is
incorrect. All the capacitor is use to stabilize the voltage input and output of the
LM7805. D2 is a green Light Emitter Diode (LED) as power indicator.
3.3.3.2 Reset (MCLR)
The PIC 16F877A differentiates various kind of reset which includes:
1. Power-on Reset (POR)
2. MCLR Reset during normal operation
3. MCLR Reset during Sleep
4. WDT Reset (during normal operation)
5. WDT Wake-up (during Sleep)
6. Brown-out Reset (BOR)
Some registers are not affected in any Reset condition. Their status is
unknown on POR and unchanged in any other Reset. Most other registers are reset to
a “Reset state” on Power-on Reset (POR), on the MCLR and WDT Reset, on MCLR
Reset during Sleep and Brownout Reset (BOR). They are not affected by a WDT
wake-up which is viewed as the resumption of normal operation.
29
From the various kind of reset available in the microcontroller, MCLR is
concerned in this project. The PIC 16F877A has a noise filter in the MCLR Reset
path. The filter will detect and ignore small pulses. It should be noted that a WDT
Reset does not drive MCLR pin low. Voltages applied to the pin that exceed its
specification can result in both Resets and current consumption outside of device
specification during the Reset event. For this reason, it is recommended that the
MCLR pin no longer be tied directly to VDD.
3.3.3.3 Interface PIC16F876A with PIR Sensor
Figure 3.5: The Placement of Motion Sensor in a Hardware Prototype
Figure 3.6: The Circuit of
Motion Sensor to PIC
30
Output pin from PIR sensor can be connected to Port B I/O pin 2 from
PIC16F877A while the Vcc pin and GND pin should be connected to 5V and GND
respectively. In this project, the PIR sensor is function as to detect the intruder in the
home. This is part for the security system in the home.
3.3.3.4 Interface PIC16F876A with magnetic contact sensor
Figure 3.7: The Placement of Magnetic Contact Sensor in a Hardware
Prototype
Figure 3.8: The Circuit of
Magnetic Contact Sensor to PIC
31
The function of magnetic sensor is same with motion sensor. But the
magnetic sensor is connected to Port B I/O pin 1 from PIC16F877A. The magnetic
sensor is installed at the door in the home.
3.3.3.5 Interface PIC16F877A with fan and lamp
Figure 3.9: The Placement of Fan and Lamp in a Hardware Prototype
The 8 LED is to combine as a lamp is connected to port d with PIC16F877A
and a fan is connected to port B at pin 4. In this project both are as appliances to
control using mobile phone. Both will be function if the mobile phone gives the
command.
3.3.3.6 Interface PIC16F877A with Buzzer
Figure 3.10: The Circuit of Fan
and Lamp to PIC
32
The base of 2N2222 (transistor) can be connected to any I/O pin through a
1K Ohm resistor and the emitter should be connected to GND. Negative terminal
(black wire) of buzzer should be connected with collector transistor (2N2222) and
positive terminal (red wire) should be connected to Vcc as shown in schematic
diagram.
3.3.3.7 In circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) for Programming PIC
Microcontroller
Figure 3.11: The Connected of USB Programmer
In Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) is used for loading program in this
project. ICSP offers a convenience way to load program into PIC microcontroller
without removing the PIC from the circuit board. So pin 1 (Vpp), pin 27 (PGC) and
pin 28 (PGD) from PIC should be connected to USB In Circuit Programmer
(UIC00A) through the external cable. Besides, GND from the circuit board also
should be connected with GND from UIC00A and pin 34 (PGM) should be pulled to
GND through a 10K resistor as shown Figure 3.11.
33
3.3.3.8 Serial Communication Interface Circuit
Figure 3.12: The Serial Communication Interface Circuit
The Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART)
module is one of the two serial I/O modules. USART is also known as a Serial
Communication Interface (SCI). The USART can be configured as a full-duplex
asynchronous system that can communicate with peripheral devices such as CRT
terminals and personal computer, or it can be configured as a half duplex
synchronous system that can communicate with peripheral devices such as A/D or
D/A integrated circuits, serial EEPROM, and others.
The USART can be configured in the following modes:
1. Asynchronous (full-duplex)
2. Synchronous – Master (half-duplex)
3. Synchronous – Slave (half-duplex)
DB-9
(Female) To PIC
IC
MAX 232
34
Bit SPEN in Receive Status and Control Register (RCTA) and bit TRISC
have to be set in order to configure pins RC6/TX/CK and RC7/RX/DT as the
Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter. The Baud Rate
Generator (BRG) supports both the asynchronous and synchronous modes of the
USART. It is a dedicated 8-bit baud rate generator. Given the desired baud rate and
oscillator’s frequency (Fosc), the nearest integer value for the SPBRG register in the
microcontroller can be calculated using the formula in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1: Baud Rate formula
Figure 3.13: The Hardware Prototype
35
3.3.4 Software Implementation
The software is used for simulation and programming purposes. Besides that,
software is required to program the microcontroller. The software is very important
so that the system can be operated. Therefore it is take time to determine the software
goanna be used.
Besides that, this project is designed to enable it to communicate with the
computer and the mobile phone device. So the suitable software is needed to
communicate there. Then, in this stage also the programming for this project must be
written and simulated to the hardware.
Therefore, below is the software used in this project:
1. For PIC microcontroller the MicroC is used to the hardware with create
programming.
2. The Proteus (ISIS 6 Professional) used to design the circuit for hardware
part.
3. To design the Graphic User Interface with the Visual Basic 2008.
4. To make a connection between computer and hardware to mobile phone
(GSM modem) is Using AT command and need know the protocol of this
mobile phone.
36
3.3.4.1 Programming the Hardware using MicroC
Below is the step to make programming the hardware:
Step 1: Open the microC compiler for PIC
Step 2: Create the programming and save
37
Step 3: After the program had successfully been compiled, a .hex file will appear for
both software. This file format then will be used in PICkit 2 Programmer to
be “burn” into the microcontroller by using suitable programmer device
preferred by the user.
Figure 3.14: PICkit 2 Software Interface
Figure 3.15: USB ICSP Programmer Device
38
3.3.4.2 Motion Sensor Programming
Programming
39
Figure 3.16: Flow Chart for Motion Sensor programming
Alarm (Buzzer) still active
but data not send to PC
No
Yes
Transmitted 1 byte
data (B) to PC
PC sends Message
(SMS) to phone
Reset
button
pressed?
PIR
sensor
set?
Alarm (Buzzer)
active
No
Yes
Delay 15
Seconds
Alarm set (LED
blink in low
frequency). Wait
for PIR set.
Start
Switch
button
pressed?
No
Yes
40
3.3.4.3 Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming
Programming
41
Figure 3.17: Flow Chart for Magnetic Contact Sensor Programming
Alarm (Buzzer) still active
but data not send to PC
No
Yes
Transmitted 1 byte
data (B) to PC
PC sends Message
(SMS) to phone
Reset
button
pressed?
Magnetic
sensor
set?
Alarm (Buzzer)
active
No
Yes
Delay 15
Seconds
Alarm set (LED
blink in low
frequency). Wait
for Magnetic set.
Start
Switch
button
pressed?
No
Yes
42
3.3.4.4 Home Appliances ( Fan and Lamp) Programming
Programming
Flow chart
Figure 3.18: Flow Chart for ON/OFF Lamp
Start
Type “ON Lamp”
from Mobile
Phone
Send to number
Phone
(Setting in GUI)
Lamp in hardware
and GUI will light
Start
Type “OFF
Lamp”
from Mobile
Phone
Send to number
Phone
(Setting in GUI)
Lamp in hardware
and GUI will light
43
Figure 3.19: Flow Chart for ON/OFF Fan
3.3.4.5 Graphic User Interface
Figure 3.20: Main of Graphic User Interface
Start
Type “OFF Fan”
from Mobile
Phone
Send to number
Phone
(Setting in GUI)
Lamp in hardware
and GUI will light
Start
Type “ON Fan”
from Mobile
Phone
Send to number
Phone
(Setting in GUI)
Lamp in hardware
and GUI will light
44
Figure 3.21: Output of Graphic User Interface
3.3.5 Analysis and Testing
In this final stage, the system hardware is analysed and tested to improve the
system. Besides that, this system is imagined as a real system to figure out the
problems that could face when implemented in a home.
3.3.5.1 Testing the AT COMMAND
The AT commands can be written and tested through the use of hyper
terminal. The setup of hyper terminal has to be done like shown in Figure 3.22,
Figure 3.23 and Figure 3.24.
45
Figure 3.22: The Hyper Terminal Connection Setup
Figure 3.23: Hyper Terminal Com Port Setup
46
Figure 3.24: The Interface for Write AT Command
Figure 3.25: Testing the AT Command
AT command that written and tested will then being written into the visual basic
program in order to control using the mobile phone.
CHAPTER 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
4.1 Chapter Overview
This chapter discusses the result and discussion for this project. These
chapters also discuss how the project works.
4.2 The Block Diagram for This Project
Figure 4.1: The Block Diagram for Security System
Hardware Computer Mobile Phone
48
Figure 4.2: The Block Diagram for Home Appliances Control
4.3 How Does it Work?
1. If the intruder through the door the magnetic sensor will work and the
buzzer will sound.
2. The hardware will send the 1 byte data (A) using USART programming to
the GUI in the computer.
3. Then from GUI in the computer will send the SMS to home owner mobile
phone to inform the thief is occur.
4. If the thief not through the door the motion sensor will work and the buzzer
will sound. The process is same like magnetic sensor.
5. While for case to control a lamp by using the mobile phone also, When the
home owner type “ON LAMP” in the create message at the mobile phone
and send to the mobile phone (is connected with computer using usb cable)
so the switch “ON” for a lamp in the system will become a green colour,
Mobile Phone Computer
Lamp
Fan
49
the lamp in a hardware and in a GUI will light and “ON LAMP” the
textbox in the system show “ON LAMP”.
6. For case off a lamp also, but the textbox will show “OFF LAMP” and lamp
in a hardware and in a GUI will non active.
7. While the process for the cases of on and off fan are same with the on and
off lamp.
4.3 The Result for This Project
4.3.1 For the security system
Figure 4.3: The Main System
This is a main system for this project. When the system is run the figure
4.3.will appears.
50
Figure 4.4: The Login This System
The user must be fill in the username and the password to login this system.
Figure 4.5: The Output Graphical User Interface
Enter your
username and
password
51
The system was in the output interfacing. In the figure the sensor are motion
and magnetic is one group. While the home appliances are grouped in a one group.
The home appliances are a lamp and a fan. Both has one button for on and off
respectively. The system also has a message box and a com port to determine the
value of serial port. The run and stop button is for timer. The exit button is to exit
this system.
Figure 4.6: The System show user chosen the Com Port
The user must to choose the com port for serial port to run this system.
52
Figure 4.7: The Hardware Prototype
Figure 4.8: The System Show When the Magnetic Contact Sensor is Active
53
Button on power supply in the hardware is pressed and then pressed the
pushbutton. If the intruders open the door the button of magnetic contact sensor will
become a green colour. In the message box is appear message “ Perhatian!!! Rumah
anda telah dicerobohi.Sila ambil tindakan lanjut.” . Then the systems send this
message to the owner number of mobile phone. When the owner received this
message the message “Message Sent!” appears in the system.
Figure…..
Figure 4.9: The System Show When the Motion Sensor is Active
Button on power supply in the hardware is pressed and then pressed the
pushbutton. If the thief occur which the intruder entered the house through the roof
or other doors, the button of motion sensor will become a green colour. In the
message box is appear message “ Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah dicerobohi.Sila
ambil tindakan lanjut.” . Then the systems send this message to the owner number of
mobile phone. When the owner received this message the message “Message Sent!”
appears in the system.
54
4.3.2 For the Wireless Home Appliances Control
Figure 4.10: The Hardware Prototype Show a Lamp is Light
Figure 4.11: The System Show a Lamp is Light
These Figure 4.10 and Figure 4.11 are show both a lamp in hardware and in
system light when the home owners send message “ON LAMP” from the mobile
phone.
55
Figure 4.12: The System Show a lamp is non active
The Figure 4.12 show a lamp in the system is non active when the home
owners send message “OFF LAMP” from a mobile phone. It also occurs at a lamp in
the hardware.
Figure 4.13: The Hardware Prototype Show a fan is Active
56
Figure 4.14: The System Show a fan is Active
These Figure 4.13 and Figure 4.14 show both a fan in the hardware and in the
system is active when the home owners send message “ON FAN” from the mobile
phone.
Figure 4.15: The System Show a Fan is Non Active
57
The Figure 4.15 show a fan in the system is non active when the home
owners send message “OFF FAN” from a mobile phone. It also occurs at a fan in the
hardware.
4.3.3 To Exit the System
Figure 4.16: The System Show When the Exit Button Pressed
When the home owner pressed the exit button the message is appear. In the
message the yes button for closed the system and no button for go to main of the
system.
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion
This project can be concluded that the target to control home appliances
remotely using the SMS-based system and develop the security system based GSM
has achieved. GSM technology capable solution has proved to be controlled
remotely, provide home security and is cost-effective as compared to the previously
existing systems. Hence we can conclude that the required goals and objectives of
GSM-based wireless home appliances control and security system have been
achieved. The security and home appliances control has been implemented.
To summary the project that the project was developed to make a home
security from the intruder. The system in this project will be informed to home
owners if the theft is occurred. This project also was developed that could be used to
control electrical appliances through a mobile phone. The appliances are a lamp and
a fan.
59
5.2 The Limitations
The limitations of this project are this project only has two sensors to detect
the intruder. So this project can be implementing in a small house that have a narrow
space. Besides that, others limitation is the project only control not real appliances.
5.3 Suggestion and Future Development
Since this project is important to reduce the theft and robbery cases in
Malaysia by providing advanced feature at low cost, some recommendations to
improve this project are hereby proposed. Some of the suggestions to future
development are listed as below:
1. Connecting more device
To develop the system that connecting to more devices. So the system can
improve this project. It is because these projects are connected to two sensor
and two appliances.
2. Can control more appliances.
To develop that project to control more of appliances like washing machine,
television, air condition and others of electrical appliances.
3. Another sensor could be added to the system
More of sensor can be installed to home like smoke detector, motion
detector, light sensor and other sensor.
60
REFERENCES
1. AFZAHANIFF HUSSIN ( MAY 2008 ). Security and control system. Bachelor
degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
2. LOGESWARAN A/L ARUMUGAM ( MAY 2009 ). Wireless home security
system. Bachelor degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
3. MOHD ROSLI BIN MAMAT ( 2007 ). ‘Sistem Penggera Keselamatan Rumah
Kediaman Mudah Dan Pintar’. Bachelor degree. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,
Skudai.
4. CHAN HWOH CHUENG ( MAY 2009 ). Wireless home security system.
Bachelor degree, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai.
5. CHUN-PAI JIMMY HSIEH AND YANG CAO ( 2004). Home security system.
Cornell University.
6. PRIYANKA. Monitoring and controlling of device using GSM. India
7. John Iovine, PIC microcontroller project book, McGraw-Hill, New York,
2000.
8. PIC 16F877A Manual Datasheet, Microchip Technology Inc.
www.microchip.com
9. http://www.developershome.com
10. http://en.wikipedia.org
61
APPENDIX A
Main Board Circuit Schematic
62
APPENDIX B
The Programming for Hardware
#define magnetic_sensor PORTB.F1
#define motion_sensor PORTB.F2
#define switch_button PORTA.F0
#define lamp PORTD
#define fan PORTB.F4
#define LED PORTC.F4
#define buzzer PORTC.F0
void main ()
{
unsigned int mode;
unsigned int mode_1,mode_2;
unsigned long temp1,temp2;
unsigned char data;
ADCON1 = 0x06;
TRISA = 0b11111111; // set Port A as Input
TRISB = 0b11101111; // set Port B as Input except port 4
TRISC = 0b00000000; // set Port C as Output
TRISD = 0b00000000; // set Port D as Output
Usart_Init (9600);
delay_ms(100);
/*RESET ALL OUTPUT*/
mode = 0;
mode_1=0;
mode_2=0;
lamp=0;
LED=0;
buzzer=0;
fan=0;
do
{
if(Usart_Data_Ready ())
{
data = Usart_Read();
if(data=='L')
{
lamp = 255;
63
delay_ms(2000);
}
else if(data =='P')
{
lamp = 0;
}
else if (data =='F')
{
fan = 1;
delay_ms(2000);
}
else if (data == 'N')
{
fan =0;
}
}
if(switch_button == 0)
{
while(switch_button == 0);
Delay_ms(500);
mode = 1;
}
if ((mode == 1)&&(mode_1!=3))
{
mode_1=1;
temp1=0;
mode = 0;
}
if ((motion_sensor==1)&&(mode_1==2))
{
Usart_Write ('A');
Delay_ms(50);
mode_1=3;
}
if ((magnetic_sensor==1)&&(mode_1==2))
{
Usart_Write ('B');
Delay_ms(50);
mode_1=3;
}
switch(mode_1)
{
case 1:
LED=1;
temp1+=1;
if(temp1<40000) buzzer=1; //Buzzer is funtion
else if(temp1>60000)
{
64
temp1=0;
mode_1=2;
}
else buzzer=0;
break;
case 2:
temp2+=1;
//PORTD.F2 = 0; /*test funtion*/
buzzer = 0;
if(temp2<10000)
LED=1; //LED blink
else if(temp2<100000)
LED=0;
else temp2=0;
break;
case 3:
temp2+=1;
//PORTD = 0xFF; /*test funtion*/
//PORTD.F5 = 0; PORTD.F6 = 0; /*test funtion*/
if(temp2<40000) //LED blink & buzzer are funtion
{
LED=1;
buzzer=1;
}
else if(temp2<60000)
{
LED=0;
buzzer=0;
}
else temp2=0;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
while(1);
}
65
APPENDIX C
The Programming for Interfacing
Public Class OUTPUT
Private Sub OUTPUT_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
MAIN.Hide()
Dim COMPort As String()
COMPort = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()
For Each port In COMPort
ComboBox1.Items.Add(port)
Next
End Sub
Private Sub control_Enter(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles control.Enter
End Sub
Dim Q As Queue(Of String) = New Queue(Of String)
Dim DataRead As String = 0
Dim objSMS As mCore.SMS
Dim strmyMessage As String
Private Sub SerialPort1_DataReceived(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e
As System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs) Handles
SerialPort1.DataReceived
Timer1.Start()
DataRead = SerialPort1.ReadExisting
If (DataRead = "A") Then
MOTION.BackColor = Color.Green
End If
If (DataRead = "B") Then
MAGNETIC.BackColor = Color.Green
End If
objSMS = CreateObject("mCore.SMS")
If objSMS.LogSize > 100 Then
objSMS.ClearLog(10)
End If
66
objSMS.LogType = 2
objSMS.Port = "COM6"
objSMS.BaudRate = 9600
objSMS.Character = 0
objSMS.LongMessage = 3
strmyMessage = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila ambil tindakan
lanjut. "
objSMS.SendSMS("+60129215921", strmyMessage)
If Not objSMS.IsError(True) Then
MessageBox.Show("Message Sent!")
End If
objSMS = Nothing
End Sub
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
SyncLock DataRead
If DataRead.Equals("A") Then
Dim strInput As String = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila
ambil tindakan lanjut. "
TextBox1.Text = strInput
DataRead = 0
End If
If DataRead.Equals("B") Then
Dim strInput As String = "Perhatian!!! Rumah anda telah diceroboh.Sila
ambil tindakan lanjut. "
TextBox1.Text = strInput
DataRead = 0
End If
End SyncLock
End Sub
Dim iResponse As Integer
Dim LampOn As String = 0
Dim LampOff As String = 0
Dim FanOn As String = 0
Dim FanOff As String = 0
Private Sub ComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As System.Object,
ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles ComboBox1.SelectedIndexChanged
SerialPort1.Close()
SerialPort1.PortName = ComboBox1.SelectedItem.ToString()
If SerialPort1.IsOpen() Then
SerialPort1.Close()
Else
SerialPort1.Open()
MessageBox.Show("Port1 Open")
67
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click
Timer1.Stop()
SerialPort1.Close()
End Sub
Private Sub Button4_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button4.Click
Timer1.Start()
End Sub
Private Sub Button5_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button5.Click
Button5.BackColor = Color.Green
LampOn = "L"
TextBox1.Text = "ON LAMP"
SerialPort1.Write(LampOn)
PictureBox1.Visible = False
PictureBox3.Visible = True
End Sub
Private Sub Button6_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button6.Click
Button5.BackColor = Color.Empty
PictureBox3.Visible = False
PictureBox1.Visible = True
TextBox1.Clear()
Button6.BackColor = Color.Red
LampOff = "P"
TextBox1.Text = "OFF LAMP"
SerialPort1.Write(LampOff)
PictureBox1.Visible = True
PictureBox3.Visible = False
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
Timer2.Start()
Timer3.Start()
Timer4.Start()
Timer3.Enabled = False
Timer4.Enabled = False
Button1.BackColor = Color.Green
FanOn = "F"
TextBox1.Text = "ON FAN"
SerialPort1.Write(FanOn)
68
End Sub
Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click
Timer2.Stop()
Timer3.Stop()
Timer4.Stop()
Button2.BackColor = Color.Red
FanOff = "N"
TextBox1.Text = "OFF FAN"
SerialPort1.Write(FanOff)
PictureBox2.Visible = True
End Sub
Private Sub Timer3_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Timer3.Tick
PictureBox2.Visible = False
PictureBox4.Visible = True
Timer4.Enabled = True
Timer3.Enabled = False
End Sub
Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Timer2.Tick
PictureBox5.Visible = False
PictureBox2.Visible = True
Timer3.Enabled = True
Timer2.Enabled = False
End Sub
Private Sub Timer4_Tick(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As
System.EventArgs) Handles Timer4.Tick
PictureBox4.Visible = False
PictureBox5.Visible = True
Timer2.Enabled = True
Timer4.Enabled = False
End Sub End Class
69
APPENDIX D
The Project Prototype