The Fundamentals of Nuclear PhysicsPart one
BME College Sherman sheen
The Physics of Radiology
Natural RadioactivityGeneral state of particles
Continual motionUncertainty for a single particle
Statistical rules in radioactive nucleus some certain percentage
Stable atom when Z<82
Artificial RadioactivityHigh energy devices
produce new particles artificially
How to detect the new conversion Geiger counter or scintillation counter chemical separation
Activity
NtNA
Definition: the number of disintegrations per unit time
λ transformation constant
hhh tttttt AeAeNA /0
/693.00
/693.00 2/
Initial activity = A0 = N0λ =ht
N 693.00
Activity
Unit: becquerel1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second
1 curie (Ci) = 3.700×1010 Bq
the number of disintegrations per second from 1 gram of radium
Activity
Decay of the activity of a 198Au source containing 108 atoms
thousands of curies (~1014 Bq) --therapy machines
Activity
Generally speaking
mCi (~108 Bq) ------ diagnostic procedures