The Fundamentals of Nuclear PhysicsPart one

BME College Sherman sheen

The Physics of Radiology

Natural RadioactivityGeneral state of particles

Continual motionUncertainty for a single particle

Statistical rules in radioactive nucleus some certain percentage

Stable atom when Z<82

Artificial RadioactivityHigh energy devices

produce new particles artificially

How to detect the new conversion Geiger counter or scintillation counter chemical separation

Activity

NtNA

Definition: the number of disintegrations per unit time

λ transformation constant

hhh tttttt AeAeNA /0

/693.00

/693.00 2/

Initial activity = A0 = N0λ =ht

N 693.00

Activity

Unit: becquerel1 Bq = 1 disintegration per second

1 curie (Ci) = 3.700×1010 Bq

the number of disintegrations per second from 1 gram of radium

Activity

Decay of the activity of a 198Au source containing 108 atoms

thousands of curies (~1014 Bq) --therapy machines

Activity

Generally speaking

mCi (~108 Bq) ------ diagnostic procedures