Abhijit Kadle, AVP - Learning Design
eLearning professionals
175years
UK
US
Australia
13 countries165+ clients in
India
Headquartered in Pune, India
New Zealand
S.Africa
Nigeria
Middle East
Kenya
CustommLearning
CustomeLearning
30+ awards and much recognition
Source: http://s3.amazonaws.com/rapid-elearning-blog/0710/form-based-elearning.png
Poll #1
If you were to describe this interaction, how would you do it?
a. Engaging
b. Boring
c. Neither, just about acceptable
Agenda
• A dose of Instructional Design• Merrill’s performance/content matrix
• Content Types Amenable to Interaction
• The Six Design Elements in Interaction
• Using the Elements - An example• A concept
• Some Dos and Don’ts
A dose of Instructional Design
Performance Content Matrix
Remember Instance / Example
Find
Use
Remember Generality / Rule
Concept Procedure PrincipleFact
Content Types
• A fact is an association between a date and event or a name and part
• A concept is a set of objects, events, or symbols that share common characteristics
• A procedure is a set of steps for carrying out some activity
• A principle is the cause-and-effect relationships in a process
Rule vs. Example
• A generality (rule) is a statement of a definition, principle, or the steps in a procedure
• An instance (example) is a specific illustration of an object, symbol, event, process, or procedure
Types Amenable to Interaction
Remember Instance / Example
Find
Use
Remember Generality / Rule
Concept Procedure PrincipleFact
The Six Design Elementsin Interaction
The Six Elements of Interaction for eLearning
1. Metaphor
2. Content
3. The Stage & Instructions
4. Input & Output
5. Feedback
6. The End State
The Six Elements of Interaction for eLearning
Metaphor, content, stage and instructionsSource: http://www.moma.org/interactives/projects/2001/whatisaprint/flash.html
The Six Elements of Interaction for eLearning
Input/Output, feedback, the end-stateSource: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/interactives/3djigsaw_02/index.shtml?skeleton
An Important Difference
Two primary ways of use
1. Content - nothing more than an exposition of content, a presentation method
2. Practice - test of knowledge, against a specific outcome
A concept: The Citrus Fruit
Instructional Design First
Use/Generality
What is the use of a concept?
Let’s you recognize and identify.
Using the Elements – An example
The Six ElementsMetaphor The Book (a page turner)
Page 9 of 50 NextBack
The Six ElementsContent
A citrus fruit is a globose to elongated, 4-30 cm long and 4-20 cm diameter, with a leathery rind or "peel“ of varied colors ranging from green to orange and red.
The fruit contains segments that are filled with juicy pulp. Citrus fruits are known for their fragrance and the sourness due to citric acid content. Some citrus fruits are consumed by humans because they are both sweet and sour.
The Six ElementsThe Stage & Instructions
1. Core idea – class/attribute exploration
2. Stage to ‘create a citrus fruit’
3. Superset of citrus fruit, is fruit. Using those attributes (shape, size, color, fragrance, flavor)
The Six ElementsContent
The Six ElementsThe Stage & Instructions
Size Color Flavour FragranceShape
OKThese are instructions that describe how to use this interaction.
The Six ElementsInput & Output
1. Is the heart of interaction
2. Input limitations (device-based) (point and click)
3. Output is visual and aural
The Six ElementsInput & Output
Size Color Flavour FragranceShape
Globose
Oblate
Ellipsoid
Pyriform
Obovate
30-40 cm
04-30 cm
08-40 cm
20-60 cm
Yellow
Red
Green
Blue
Bitter
Sweet
Sour
Sweet-sour
Spicy
Spicy
Floral
Fruity
Zesty
OK
The Six ElementsFeedback
1. Feedback is different from output
2. Diagnostic, cue-based, remedial
3. Continuous vs. discrete
Oblate 08-40 cm Blue Sweet Floral
The Six ElementsThe End State
Final state learner see
before next display
Ensure it is cohesive and
makes sense
Oblate 08-40 cm Blue Sweet Floral
Reset
Some Dos and Don’ts
Dos
• Do ensure instructional alignment
• Think beyond conventional interaction
• Think of games
• Think fun and engaging
Don’ts
• Don’t focus on graphics and representation, that will follow
• Don’t ‘dumb down’ the interaction, that will affect instructional outcome
Poll #2
Did you learn something interesting that you will be able to apply right away in your courseware?
a. Yes
b. No
c. Maybe
Thank You
Any questions?