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Telling Stories With Maps
WhereConfApril 2, 2012Noah Iliinsky@noahi
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Why Maps?
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Maps give context.
familiar locations
relative positions trends & patterns, gaps,
outliers
http://sanfrancisco.crimespotting.org/
http://sanfrancisco.crimespotting.org/http://sanfrancisco.crimespotting.org/http://sanfrancisco.crimespotting.org/7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Maps give context.
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Why Stories?
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Narrative brings relevance.
http://xkcd.com/657http://xkcd.com/6577/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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How To Do It
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Make good choices
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Make intentional choi
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Good Choices Are Guided by Three In
Th i
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Data Designer
Reader
Your
visualization
Three inputs.
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You have goals.
Y h l
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You have goals.
Why are you here?
Y h l
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You have goals.
Why are you here?
If you cant conciselyarticulate your goal,
youre doing itwrong.
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Your Customer Has Needs.
Your customer has needs
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Your customer has needs.
Your success is defined by
your customers success.
Your customer has needs
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Your customer has needs.
Your success is defined by
your customers success.
If you cant satisfy their needyou have failed.
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Do user research!
Understand their hopes,dreams, and favorite flavors
Understand their jargon, identand contexts of use!
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Data Has Properties
Data
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Data
Wheel size: numeric (accategorical)
Tire width: continuous
Price: continuous
Anti-puncture: binary
Foldable: binary
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Now we start designing.
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Statement of Goals
Statement of goals.
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Statement of goals.
Show the points on a map.
Statement of goals.
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g
Show the points on a map.
WRON
G
Statement of goals.
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g
Show the points on a map.
WRON
GShow
the most recent 100 points
from each categorywithin 50 km of
our areas of interest.
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Define Desired Knowledgeefore Structure
Knowledge before structure.
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g f
http://litmus.com/blog/email-client-market-share-infograph
Knowledge before structure.
http://litmus.com/blog/email-client-market-share-infographhttp://litmus.com/blog/email-client-market-share-infographhttp://litmus.com/blog/email-client-market-share-infograph7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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g f
0 JULY 2010 SEPT 2010 NOV 2010 JAN 2011 MARCH 2011 MAY 20
60
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
P
latforms
hare%
DESKTOP
WEBMAIL
MOBILE
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Appropriate Encodings
Data
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Wheel size: numeric (accategorical)
Tire width: continuous
Price: continuous
Anti-puncture: binary
Foldable: binary
Appropriate encodings
http://complexdiagrams.com/properties7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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http://ComplexDiagrams.com/properties
http://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/properties7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Encoding well:
1. Position is everything.2. Color is difficult.
- @moritz_stefaner
Position is everything.
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http://hipmunk.com
Position is everything.
http://hipmunk.com/http://hipmunk.com/http://hipmunk.com/7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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absolute & relative departure time (continuous)
absolute & relative arrival time (continuous)absolute & relative length of trip (continuous)
stopovers (binary)
absolute & relative stopover durati
absolute & relative stopover start &(continuous)
sort order (ranked)
Axes give you information for free!
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West - East
North- South
Axes give you information for free!
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1. ab
Northerly and Westerly!
West - East
North- South
Axes give you information for free!
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1. ab
2. w(th
West - East
North- South
Lack of axes gives you spaghetti!
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http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spaghetti_alle_vongole.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spaghetti_alle_vongole.jpghttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.enhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.enhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spaghetti_alle_vongole.jpghttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spaghetti_alle_vongole.jpg7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Axes are negotiable!http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/standard-tube-map.gif
http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/standard-tube-map.gifhttp://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/standard-tube-map.gif7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Color is Difficult.
Color is difficult.
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http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/serae/GRIMM/erosion/inra/europe/analysis/maps_and_listings/web_erosion/maps_and_listings/altitude_a3.gif
http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/serae/GRIMM/erosion/inra/europe/analysis/maps_and_listings/web_erosion/maps_and_listings/altitude_a3.gifhttp://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/serae/GRIMM/erosion/inra/europe/analysis/maps_and_listings/web_erosion/maps_and_listings/altitude_a3.gifhttp://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esdb_archive/serae/GRIMM/erosion/inra/europe/analysis/maps_and_listings/web_erosion/maps_and_listings/altitude_a3.gif7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Color is not ordered.
Color is difficult.
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http://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/topographic_(altitude)_map_tamil_nadu.png
Color is difficult.
http://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/topographic_(altitude)_map_tamil_nadu.pnghttp://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/topographic_(altitude)_map_tamil_nadu.pnghttp://mapsof.net/uploads/static-maps/topographic_(altitude)_map_tamil_nadu.png7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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http://www.goldensoftware.com/gallery/gallery-11.shtml
Not bad...
Color is meaningful
http://www.goldensoftware.com/gallery/gallery-11.shtmlhttp://www.goldensoftware.com/gallery/gallery-11.shtmlhttp://www.goldensoftware.com/gallery/gallery-11.shtml7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Color is meaningful.
Gender
Nationality
Politics
ReligionMorality
Nature
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Abstraction is Useful
Abstraction is Useful
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http://www.chartball.com/football/
Abstraction isUseful
The Columbia River System
donald
gold
en
mache
en
er prin
gs
mica creek
http://www.chartball.com/football/http://www.chartball.com/football/7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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hood
river
m
osier
thed
alles
rufus
arlin
gton
board
man
irrigon
umatilla
burbank
richlandwest
richland
prosser
mabtongr
anger
zilla
h
elle
nsbu
rgcle
elu
m
topp
enishw
apato
union
gap
selah
thorp
south
cleelum
easto
n
bentoncity
grandview
pasco
mattawa
rock island
east wenatchee
tonasket
okanaganfalls
moseslake
wilson
creek
odessa
beverly
hooper
colfax
palouse
potlatch
orofino
kooskia
kamiah
white birdlucile
stanley
riggins
horseshoe
bend
cascade
spray
mt.vernon
prairiecity
clarkstonasotin
oxbow
huntington
nyssa
weiser
fruitland
payette
new
plymouth
emmett
parma
hom
edale
adrian
marsin
g
gran
d
view
bruneau
hammett
glennsferry
bliss
b
g
ha
ke
kinghill
notus
middleton
star
eagle
ontario
vale
harper
juntura
elginim
bler
islandcity
lagrande
dayville
cascade
locks
maupin
warm springs
terrebonne
prineville
pre
scott
columbia
city
milwaukie
oak grove
gladstone
oregon city
st. paul
harrisburg
sprin
gfield
low
ell
oakr
idge
lakeoswego
west linn
wilsonville
newberg
dundee
dayton
independence
st.helens
fairview
rainier
kelso
castlerock
mossyrock
warre
nton
as
toria
hamm
ond
chinook
skamo
kawa
cath
lamet
kalama
camas
washougal
northbonneville
stevenson
carson
whitesalmon
bingen
lyle
roosevelt
dallesport
wishram
ilwaco
vader
toledo
randle
packwood
dext
er
sunriver
three rivers
garden
city
rom
e
owyh
ee
vantage
entiat
pateros
brewster
bridgeport
grand
coulee
lincoln
hunters
montrose
balfour
kettlefalls
northportmetaline metaline falls
bosw
ell
wyn
ndel
creston
marcusorient
grand
forks
midway
curlew
deer
meadows
sevenbays
ninemilefalls
otisorchards
stateline
postfalls
huetter
st.maries
calder
avery
elmercity
couleedam
inchelium
trail
genelle
castlegar
edgewood
fauquier
nakusp
spillim
edgew
ate
radium
hot
sp
win
derm
ere
fairm
ont
hotspr
ingsi
nverm
ere
malott
okanogan
omak
riverside
osoyooscawston
keremeos
hedley
princeton
oliver
kaleden
oroville
millwood
spokanevalley
libertylake
harrison
ionecusick
usk newport
priest
river
oldtown
dover
sandpoint
ponde
ray
kooten
ai b
onnersferry
troy
libby
rexford
wasa
moyiesprings
trout
creek
thomps
on
falls
clark
fork
eastho
pe
hope
plains
pa
kragm
ont
elko
elkford
wardner
canal
flats
noxo
nheron
st.re
g
su
kaslo
ainsworth
longview
portland
kennewick
vancouver
salem
albanybend
corvallis
eugene
johnday
lewiston
caldwell
boise
yakima
wenatchee
penticton
nelson
spokane
coeur dalene
revelstoke
COLUMBIA
OKANOGAN
KETTLE
KOOTENAYDUNCAN
SPOKANE& ST. JOE
SIMILKAMEEN
WILLAMETTE
DESCHUTES
CROOKED
JOHN DAY
SNAKE
YAKIMA
GRANDE RONDE
SALMO
PAYETTE
MALHEUR
OWYHEE
BRUNEAU
BBOISE
PALOUSE
CRAB
CLEARWATER& SELWAYCOWLITZ
CA NV
D
OR
WA
BC
http://somethingaboutmaps.wordpress.com/river-maps/columbia-river/
http://somethingaboutmaps.wordpress.com/river-maps/columbia-river/http://somethingaboutmaps.wordpress.com/river-maps/columbia-river/http://somethingaboutmaps.wordpress.com/river-maps/columbia-river/7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Use Defaults.
Use defaults.
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http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html
Unless...
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http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html
http://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.htmlhttp://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.htmlhttp://elections.nytimes.com/2008/president/whos-ahead/key-states/map.html7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Unless youve gotsomething better.
Appropriate encodings
http://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/properties7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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http://ComplexDiagrams com/properties
Design strategies
h
http://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/propertieshttp://complexdiagrams.com/properties7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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Limit the data & detail you include
Use position for your most important
relationship(s)Try different axes
Consider default formats
Use color for categories, not rankEncode other data and relationships with
appropriate properties
Intentional Communication from Data to Display
http://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://bit.ly/aB3CJyhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoAhttp://oreil.ly/n4KEoA7/29/2019 Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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@noahigmail: iliinskyComplexDiagrams.com
Thank you!
Noah Iliinsky & Julie Steele
Data
Visualizations
Designing
How to do it(this talk)
How t(20 cas
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Telling Stories With Maps Paper
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What do you want to show?
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What questions are you trying to answer?
What do you want to show?
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What actions/decisions are you trying to enable
What questions are you trying to answer?
What do you want to show?
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Who is consuming this data?
What are their needs?
Wh i i hi d ?
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Who is consuming this data?
If not you:
What are the ir priori ties?
What are there biases?
What are the ir limitations?
What dont you know about them?
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What data dimensions do you have to play with?
Wh f h
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What types of data do you have?
categorical (grouped)
ordinal (ranked, time)
quantitati ve (numeric)
relational (hierarchy, influence, etc.)
location (... its complicated...)
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What are the key relat ionships? (probably)
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What are the key relationships?
What data is required to show them?
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Show the relationship between A and B [and C...across X [and Y] from m to n.
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What data are you actually going to use, based ogoal?
[A, B, X (from m to n)]
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How can you use position to reveal your keyrelationship(s)?
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Is there a good default format for this kind ofrelationship?
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List (at least) three possible combinat ions of axe
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What are good opt ions for encoding your other ddimensions?
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Pick encodings for your remaining data dimensio
See how that looks.
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Iterate, iterate, iterate.