Technical Manual
Table of Contents1 Introduction 1
1.1 Eternit 1
1.2 Etex 1
2 2 2.1 Painted 2
2.2 Raw 2
2.3 Technical And Mechanical Properties 3
3 Working With 4 3.1 Accessories 4
3.2 Site work 6
3.2.1 Loading And Unloading 6
3.2.2 Transport To Site 6
3.2.3 Storage 6
3.2.4 Handling Of 7
3.3 Cutting 7
3.4 Drilling 8
4 Design Specifications 9 4.1 Compliance 9
4.2 Framing Considerations 9
4.2.1 Timber Framing 9
4.2.2 Lightweight Steel Framing 10
4.3 Moisture Management 11
4.3.1 Vapour Permeable Membranes 11
4.3.2 Flashing 11
4.4 Wind Pressure 12
4.5 Fasteners 12
4.5.1 Fixing 12
4.6 Jointing 13
4.6.1 Kalsi® Cavity Batten Fixing 13
5 Detailing 15 5.1 Bottom Treatment 15
5.2 Soffit/Fascia Details 15
5.3 Window Details 16
5.4 External Corner 18
5.5 Internal Corner 19
c
Table of Contents6 Finishing 20
7 Health & Safety 20
1
1.2 Etex
Etex is a Belgian industrial group that specialises and markets high quality building materials and systems. Headquartered
in Brussels, Belgium, Etex currently operates in 123 factories and 116 subsidiaries across 44 countries, employs more than
18,000 people and is one of the largest fibre cement producers in the world.
Through its subsidiaries, the Group offers an extensive range of products: small and large roofing materials, cladding and
building boards, passive fire protection systems and ceramic tiles.
Etex aims to be a professional, solid partner for all kind of building projects.
Founded in 1905, Etex has consolidated it's unique global presence thanks to strong expertise, technical knowledge, innovative culture and deep understanding of the local needs and requirements in the markets where it operates.
1 Introduction
1.1 Eternit
Eternit Asia Panels groups Etex’s companies in Asia Pacific, dedicating it efforts to provide the highest quality building
technologies available to the market.
The company has extensive product knowledge built up from more than a century of fibre cement expertise. Research &
Development Centres throughout the world ensure that our products perform at all levels.
Our products are proudly made with highest consideration for the environment and preservation of nonrenewable resources.
Tough, resistant and durable, are the perfect replacement for wooden products, concrete and masonry constructions.
2
2 is fibre cement plank designed for residential cladding. Easy to cut, nail and drill, is a simple, pragmatic
solution to most of the problems associated with timber.
is available in two different and convenient finishes: Raw and Painted.
2.1 Painted
Painted is a finished plank coated with specially developed paints applied in factory conditions.
The process ensures homogeneous thickness and strong adherence to the fibre cement material,
maximising the lifespan of the product.
Painted comes in two attractive surfaces, Smooth and Woodgrain.
Dimensions
Type Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm)
Woodgrain 3000 190 7.5
Smooth
3000 300 7.5
4200 200 8.0
4200 300 8.0
Color range
C01 White
C08 Sand Yellow
C07 Cream White
C15 Dark Grey
2.2 Raw
Raw is a grey fibre cement plank. Raw can be painted with a wide variety finishes
and materials and comes in two attractive surfaces, Smooth and Woodgrain.
Dimensions
Type Length (mm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm)
Woodgrain 3000 190 7.5
Smooth
3000 300 7.5
4200 200 8.0
4200 300 8.0
Raw Benefits
• Convenient: A reliable fibre cement board that fits its purpose.
• Versatile: Easy to cut, nail and drill, KalsiPlank® Raw accepts unlimited finishes and colour coatings.
3
2.3 Technical And Mechanical Properties
General Technical Properties
Dimensional Conformity (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
Density (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) kg/m3 ≥1200
Modulus of rupture (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) (Type A . Category 3)
MPa ≥7
Water permeability (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
Moisture content 5%
Water absorption 31%
Moisture movement (25°C 30%RH - 25°C 90%RH)Strong direction Weak direction
mm/m mm/m
0.600.52
Thermal conductivity (tested to ASTM C518-76) W/m°K 0.27
Durability
Warm water performance (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
Freeze-thaw performance (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
Soak-dry performance (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
Heat-rain performance (tested to AS/NZS 2908.2) Pass
4
3 Working with
3.1 Accessories
Cavity Batten to Timber Frame Fasteners65 x 2.8mm galvanised ring shank nail75 x 2.8mm D or round head smooth shank nail
Off stud soaker
PVC jointer
Eternal corner soaker 90° depending on the width of the plank (aluminium or
stainless steel) 180m
m
Box corner Z flashing
50mm
41.2mm
37mm
L corner flashing
50mm
50m
m
Vermin closing/Cavity base closer
5
Head flashing
Fibre cement or timber box corner trim 84mm or 100mm
Paintable exterior grade polyurethane joint sealant*Sikaflex 11FC is the preferred product
Fibre cement or timber scriber
Vapour permeable membrane
Vacuum extraction with HEPA filter
Dust–reducing saw
Fibre cement blade
6
3.2 Site Work
3.2.1 Loading And Unloading
are supplied on pallets suitable for forklift unloading. If crane offloading by slings is envisaged, special notification
must be made in advance or upon placing orders.
All pallets and crates can be safely handled by using a barge lift or hoisting equipment and straps. Steel cables should not be
used as it will damage both the pallet and the planks within.
When the crates have to be removed from a box container, care must be taken NOT to expose crates or pallets to the shock
of any impact, as the shock could result in cracks in the packing.
3.2.2 Transport To Site
Always drive the delivery vehicle as close as possible to the location where the planks are to be installed. When transporting
the planks, it is essential to firmly secure the pallets to prevent the planks from sliding or moving while in transit.
3.2.3 Storage
are supplied with protective plastic sheeting wrapped around the timber crates. This protection should not be
removed until site and structural conditions are prepared and ready for plank installation.
All must be stored flat on pallets and placed inside covered and dry conditions, optimising protection for stored
planks against exposure to weather and other unfavourable conditions.
Figure 1
Protective Plastic Sheeting
7
3.2.4 Handling Of
The following must be taken into consideration when handling .
Figure 2
Never carry on flat and middle
position, as this increases likelihood of breakage.
Figure 3
Hold the vertically at the edge.
Figure 4
When a single person needs to carry the
, hold it in the middle and keep hands
as far apart as possible to provide maximum
support to the length of the plank.
Figure 5
When two persons carry the , hold it
near both ends of the plank.
3.3 Cutting
offer easy workability with conventional tools, on or off construction sites. The method of cutting is dependent on
the amount of cutting. Cutting of the plank can be achieved using a stationary table saw, a circular saw or a jigsaw. Cutting
must take place in a dry environment. Dust control is advisable.
It is recommended that fibre cement saw blades (see Figure 8) are used to cut the planks on site. These blades have been
designed especially for fibre cement and when correctly employed a high level of finish can be achieved. The blade is uniquely
designed with vibration damping composite body construction and diamond tipped teeth shaped to give a tear-free edge.
When small amounts of cutting are required on site, an alternative to the recommended fibre cement saw blade is a carbide-
tipped flat trapezoidal tooth blade. This has a limited life and will need regular changing.
8
Figure 6
Fibre cement blade.
3.4 Drilling
should be drilled using preferred and more efficient tungsten carbide tipped drill bit with point angles of 60° to 80°
rather than the usual 120° type.
9
4 Design Specifications
4.1 Compliance
Designers and/or contractors responsible for the intended project should follow the details and recommendations specified in
this manual.
It is also wise to keep in mind that all designs and constructions should comply with the appropriate and relevant requirements
of current legal building codes, regulations and standards, both domestic and international.
The information provided in this manual is valid at the time of publication. Please consult Eternit or its nearest official representative
for further versions or updates.
4.2 Framing Considerations
can be installed using either timber framing or lightweight steel framing.
Always check that all framing is straight and true before receiving the planks.
Specific requirements for framing must be determined by a design engineer as per prevalent building codes prior to installation.
4.2.1 Timber Framing
can be installed direct fixed or drained cavity systems based on respective building code compliance.
Ensure timbers are properly seasoned and dry before installation.
Recommended framing for direct fixed systems (Figure 7):
• Studs at 600mm centres maximum for non-cyclonic regions.
• Noggings must be fitted flush between the studs at a maximum of 1200mm centres.
• Double studs may be needed at internal corners and sides of openings.
Recommended framing for drained cavity systems (Figure 8):
• Studs at 600mm centres maximum for non-cyclonic regions.
• For studs at 6000mm centres, noggings must be fitted flush between the studs at maximum 800mm centres.
• For studs at 450mm centres, noggings must be fitted flush between the studs at maximum 1200mm centres.
• Double studs may be needed at internal corners and sides of openings.
For Australia, AS 1684.2 must be used as reference for residential timber-framed construction.
Under the New Zealand Building Code, timber framing needs to comply with NZS 3604 or specifically specific design to NZS
3603 and AS/NZS 1170
10
Figure 7
Direct fix systems
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nogging
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Thermal insulation
1200
max
imum
1200
max
imum
As
per
desi
gn
2
4
5
3
1
Figure 8
Drained cavity systems
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nogging
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Thermal insulation
6. Cavity trim
800
max
imum
800
max
imum
800
max
imum
As
per
desi
gn
4
5
3
26
1
4.2.2 Lightweight Steel Framing
The installation of steel framing needs to comply with NASH standard – Residential and Low-Rise Steel Framing and following
framing manufacturer’s recommendations. Thickness of steel framing should be between 0.55 to 1.6mm (BMT).
The installation of thermal break strips may be required over the steel framework as specified by building code regulations to
avoid thermal bridging. Thermal break is fastened over the external side of the steel framework as per Figure 9.
11
Figure 9
Panel fixing layout
1.
2. Steel frame
3. Vapour permeable membrane
4. Thermal break (if required)
1200
max
imum
1200
max
imum
As
per
desi
gn
2
4
3
1
4.3 Moisture Management
Designers and/or contractors responsible for construction must ensure that building exteriors are appropriately waterproofed.
This includes all wall openings, window sills, junctions and connections.
Selection of materials and installation needs to take into account the requirements of relevant standards and building codes. It
is always recommended that project specific details are undertaken by an experienced consultant with local knowledge of this
specific field.
4.3.1 Vapour Permeable Membranes
Building underlays must be installed in accordance with AS/NZS 4200.2 and material properties complying with AS/NZS
4200.1 or the equivalent local standards, codes and regulations.
In addition to the above, installation of the building underlay must also be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
4.3.2 Flashing
Prior to fixing , appropriate flashing and weatherproofing need to be applied at critical points such as:
• External corners
• Internal corners
• Window and door openings
• Penetration where pipes or wiring pass through the planks
12
4.4 Wind Pressure
It is the responsibility of the designated project engineer to determine the relevant and specific wind pressures. All structural
calculations must be done by an accredited structural engineer and in compliance with the relevant building codes. For the
maximum capabilities of , please consult the Eternit Technical Department.
4.5 Fasteners
Consideration of fastener durability will be influenced by material choice, environmental factors and compatibility of materials
in contact with fasteners. In general, fasteners of choice should be resistant to corrosion.
When is installed in coastal areas, Eternit recommends the use of stainless steel fasteners, especially within 1km
of sea coastlines or when local micro climatic conditions (exposure to salt environments, for example) require it.
Please consult fastener manufacturers for more information.
4.5.1 Fixing
Fix with fastener as specified in Table 1 using concealed fixing method as shown in Figures 9 and 10.
Following requirements must be observed:
• Fix into stud at 600mm centres maximum (as specified by structural calculations).
• The plank can be fix without pre-drilling when the fastener is at least 50mm from the end of the plank. For fasteners closer
than 50mm to the end, fastener positions need pre-drilling with a 3.0mm drill bit head.
• Fix at 20mm from top of the plank ends. See Figures 9 and 10.
• Fastener must be flush driven into the planks and at best embedded 0.5mm below the plank surface. See Figure 11.
1 1
2 2
4
3 5
1.
2. Vapour permeable membrane
3. Timber stud
4. Thermal break (if required)
5. Steel frame
Figure 10
fixing at timber framing
Figure 11
fixing at steel framing
30mm 30mm20mm 20mm
13
Figure 9
Fastener depth
4.6 Jointing
can be jointed either on or off-stud.
On Stud Jointing
• Minimum width of 45mm single stud or 35mm double stud is required for on-stud jointing.
• Plank edge must be square and smooth for jointing end.
• Butt-joint planks edges or alternatively, fix the planks with maximum gap of 3mm and fill the gap with polyurethane joint
sealant. See Figures 12 and 13.
• Stagger joints between top and bottom at a minimum of 600mm or as a function of the stud span.
2
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
Figure 12
On stud board jointing: butt-joined
3
4
1
12mm
12mm
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. PU joint sealant
Figure 13
On stud board jointing with PU sealant
2
3
5
4
1
12mm
12mm
14
Off Stud Jointing
Fix between plank edge using either metal off-stud soaker or PVC joiner. See Figures 14 and 15.
• Minimum plank length for off-stud jointing must be fixed to at least two consecutive studs.
• When using metal off-stud soaker, fill gap between planks ends using polyurethane joint sealant. Metal off-stud soaker is
not recommended to be used near the coastal areas as the metal may corrode in these areas.
• Stagger joint between top and bottom at minimum of 600mm.
1.
2. Off stud soaker
3. PU joint sealant
Figure 14
Metal off-stud soaker
1
2
3
1
2
1.
2. PVC jointer
Figure 15
Off-stud PVC jointer
15
5 Detailing
5.1 Bottom Treatment
Begin installation of from the bottom. Use a spirit or water level; establish a level line around lower perimeter of the
frame.
Bottom edge of must be protected from moisture ingress. Ground clearance should always be considered. It
is recommended to leave minimum 225mm for unpaved ground and 150mm for paved ground, or the maximum distance
required by the relevant building code.
1
3
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Packer
6. Damp proof membrane
Figure 16
Timber framing bottom treatment
2
4
5
6
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Packer
6. Damp proof membrane
7. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 17
Steel framing bottom treatment
1
3
2
4
7
5
6
5.2 Soffit/Fascia Details
1
6
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Soffit
6. Trim
Figure 18
Timber framing soffit details
4
2
5
3
16
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Soffit
6. Trim
7. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 19
Steel framing soffit details1
6
4
2
5
3
7
5.3 Window Details
Window frames can be installed as either face fixed, where the flange or facing is installed over the , or recess fixed,
where the window is set back within reveals.
When referring to face fixed, a head flashing that projects a minimum of 15mm past each edge of the window facing or flange
should be installed. It is recommended that the front edge at the ends of the flashing is slightly bent to increase protection at
the top of the window.
The flashing details shown in Figures 20 and 25 are not to be regarded as exhaustive, nor are they suggested as being suitable
for all applications and environmental conditions. It is the responsibility of the designer and/or contractor to ensure the use of
suitable flashing details and materials in order to maintain a watertight building.
9
21.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber of fibre cement packer
7. Head flashing
8. Window frame
9. Air seal
Figure 20
Timber framing window head
4
5
6
3
7
8
1
9
21.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber or fibre cement packer
7. Head flashing
8. Window frame
9. Air seal
10. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 21
Steel framing window head
4
5
6
10
3
7
8
1
17
9
6
2
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber or fibre cement packer
7. Head flashing
8. Window frame
9. Air seal
Figure 22
Timber framing window sill
4
5
3
8
7
1
9
6
2
10
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber or fibre cement packer
7. Head flashing
8. Window frame
9. Air seal
10. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 23
Steel framing window sil
4
5
3
8
7
1
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber or fibre cement packer
7. Window frame
8. Air seal
Figure 24
Timber framing window jamb
8
6
5
7
3
4
2
1
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Flexible flashing tape
6. Timber or fibre cement packer
7. Window frame
8. Air seal
9. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 25
Steel framing window jamb
8
6
5
7
3
9
4
2
1
18
5.4 External Corners
There are different options for weatherproof external corner, using either
• Mitre joints with back-flashing
• External metal soaker
• covers by a corner box.
2
5
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Corner flashing
Figure 26
Timber framing eternal mitre corner
4
1
3
2
5
6
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Corner flashing
6. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 27
Steel framing eternal mitre corner
4
1
3
2
5
6
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Corner flashing
6. Corner soaker
Figure 28
Timber framing eternal soaker corner
4
1
3
19
2
5
7
6
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Corner flashing
6. Corner soaker
7. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 29
Steel framing eternal soaker corner
4
1
3
2
5
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Timber scriber
Figure 30
Timber framing eternal corner box
4
1
3
2
5
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Timber scriber
6. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 31
Steel framing eternal corner box
6
4
1
3
5.5 Internal Corners
2
3
4
1.
2. Timber stud
3. Nail
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Mould corner
Figure 32
Timber framing internal mould corner
1
5
20
2
3
4
1.
2. Steel framing
3. Screw
4. Vapour permeable membrane
5. Mould corner
6. Thermal break (if required)
Figure 33
Steel framing internal mould corner
1
5
6
6 Finishing Painted is available factory finished in different range of colours and can be installed directly at site.
Raw is to be finished on site with a weatherproof coating to ensure durability and a long service life of the planks.
Use high grade exterior acrylic paint as a finishing coat.
Be sure to obtain and understand the paint manufacturer’s recommendations before commencing work.
7 Health & Safety As for all products containing quartz (e.g. concrete and clay), , when machined mechanically (cutting, sanding,
drilling) will release dust which may contain quartz particles. Inhalation of high concentrations of dust may irritate the airways.
Dust may also cause irritation of the eyes and/or skin. Inhalation of dust containing quartz, in particular the fine (respirable
size) dust particulate matter, in high concentrations or over prolonged periods of time, can lead to lung disease (silicosis) and
an increased risk of lung cancer.
• Avoid dust inhalation by using cutting equipment which features dust extraction or suppression accessories where
practicable.
• Ensure adequate ventilation in the work place.
• Avoid contact with the eyes and skin and inhalation of dust by wearing appropriate personal protective equipment (safety
goggles, protective clothing) and approved respirator, a dusk mask of at least type P2.
For more information, consult the appropriate Product Data Sheet, available upon request.
© E
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it. O
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015.
Eternit Asia PanelsUnit 19-02-01, Level 2, Wisma TuneNo.19 Lorong Dungun, Damansara Heights50490 Kuala LumpurMalaysiaTel: +60 (3) 2095 5111Fax: +60 (3) 2095 6111Email: [email protected]
Eternit Australia1 Scotland RoadMile End South, SA 5031AustraliaTel: +61 (8) 8301 8288Fax: +61 (8) 8352 1014Email: [email protected]
www.eternit.com.au
Your local supplier
Disclaimer
Some of the project images shown in the document, not necessarily were built with the systems promoted in this publication. They were included with the intention to illustrate the reader about the look and appearance of our products. Most of the projects correspond to buildings using fibre cement boards manufactured by our sister companies in several parts of the world and their sole purpose to illustrate the versatility of our products and the international experience of Etex, Group to which we belong.