Anatomy of SCALP
S.S Hotchandani
Structure
Part of Head.Extend from Superciliary arches
anterior, to superior nauchal lines posterior.
Made of 5 Layers
Layers of SCALP
SkinConnective Tissue (Deep)Apo neurosisConnective Tissue (Loose) Periosteum
Muscles of SCALP
Occipitofrontalis
Origin• Occipital Process
– Superior Nauchal Line
• Frontal Process– Superciliary Arches
Insertion• Both are Inserted in Epicranial Eponeurosis
Nerve Supply• Facial Nerve
Function• Move Scalp• Raise Eyebrows
Frontal Process
Occipital Process
Innervations of SCALP
SCALP is inerveted in two portions. Part of Scalp Anterior to Ear & Vertex of
Skull. Part of Scalp Posterior to Ear & Vertex of
Skull
Innervations of Part of SCALP anterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
Innervated by Branches of Trigeminal Nerve of Cranial Nerves.
Branches Supratrochlear Nerve Supraorbital Nerve Zygomaticotemporal Nerve Auricotemporal Nerve
Innervation of Part of Skull Posterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
Innervated by Branches from C2 & C3 of Cervical Nerves.
Branches Great Aurical Nerve Lesser Occipital Nerve Greater Occipital Nerve 3rd Occipital Nerve
Blood Supply of SCALP
ArterialVenous
Arteries of SCALP
Supplied by Branches of External Carotid & Ophthalmic Artery (Branch of Internal Carotid Artery)
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches External Carotid Artery
Branches Superficial Temporal Posterior Auricle Occipital Artery
These Branches Supply Posterior & Lateral Part of SCALP
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches of Ophthalmic Artery
Branches Supratrochlear Supraorbital
These Branches supply Anterior and Superior part of SCALP
Veins of SCALP
Same route as Arteries of SCALP.Supratrochlear & Supraorbital join
and forms Facial VeinSuperficial Temporal forms
Retromandibular veinPosterior Auricle form External
Juglar VeinOccipital form Internal Juglar Vein
Lymph Drainage of SCALP
It also follows same pattern of Arteries of SCALP.
Lymph Nodes for Drainage of SCALP Occipital Node Cervical Node Mastoid Node Parotid Node Pre-auricle Node Sub-Mandibular Node
SCALP Lymph Nodes with Area of Drainage
Occipital & Cervical Node Both Drain form Occipital Region of SCALP
Mastoid Node Drains from Posterior to Vertex of Skull
Parotid & Pre-Auricle Node Drain form Anterior to Vertex of Skull
Sub-Mandibular Node Drain from Fore Head.