Anatomy of SCALP

S.S Hotchandani

Structure

Part of Head.Extend from Superciliary arches

anterior, to superior nauchal lines posterior.

Made of 5 Layers

Layers of SCALP

SkinConnective Tissue (Deep)Apo neurosisConnective Tissue (Loose) Periosteum

Muscles of SCALP

Occipitofrontalis

Origin• Occipital Process

– Superior Nauchal Line

• Frontal Process– Superciliary Arches

Insertion• Both are Inserted in Epicranial Eponeurosis

Nerve Supply• Facial Nerve

Function• Move Scalp• Raise Eyebrows

Frontal Process

Occipital Process

Innervations of SCALP

SCALP is inerveted in two portions. Part of Scalp Anterior to Ear & Vertex of

Skull. Part of Scalp Posterior to Ear & Vertex of

Skull

Innervations of Part of SCALP anterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull

Innervated by Branches of Trigeminal Nerve of Cranial Nerves.

Branches Supratrochlear Nerve Supraorbital Nerve Zygomaticotemporal Nerve Auricotemporal Nerve

Innervation of Part of Skull Posterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull

Innervated by Branches from C2 & C3 of Cervical Nerves.

Branches Great Aurical Nerve Lesser Occipital Nerve Greater Occipital Nerve 3rd Occipital Nerve

Blood Supply of SCALP

ArterialVenous

Arteries of SCALP

Supplied by Branches of External Carotid & Ophthalmic Artery (Branch of Internal Carotid Artery)

SCALP Blood Supply via Branches External Carotid Artery

Branches Superficial Temporal Posterior Auricle Occipital Artery

These Branches Supply Posterior & Lateral Part of SCALP

SCALP Blood Supply via Branches of Ophthalmic Artery

Branches Supratrochlear Supraorbital

These Branches supply Anterior and Superior part of SCALP

Veins of SCALP

Same route as Arteries of SCALP.Supratrochlear & Supraorbital join

and forms Facial VeinSuperficial Temporal forms

Retromandibular veinPosterior Auricle form External

Juglar VeinOccipital form Internal Juglar Vein

Lymph Drainage of SCALP

It also follows same pattern of Arteries of SCALP.

Lymph Nodes for Drainage of SCALP Occipital Node Cervical Node Mastoid Node Parotid Node Pre-auricle Node Sub-Mandibular Node

SCALP Lymph Nodes with Area of Drainage

Occipital & Cervical Node Both Drain form Occipital Region of SCALP

Mastoid Node Drains from Posterior to Vertex of Skull

Parotid & Pre-Auricle Node Drain form Anterior to Vertex of Skull

Sub-Mandibular Node Drain from Fore Head.