Delivery of sustainable supply of non
Database of biomass conversion technologies
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
29
Delivery of sustainable supply of non-food biomass to support a
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
D2.3
Database of biomass conversion technologies
9 Feb 201
food biomass to support a
“resource
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
2016
food biomass to support a
“resource-efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
food biomass to support a
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
S2Biom Project Grant Agreement n°608622
Database of biomass conversion technologies
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
Database of biomass conversion technologies
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
1
About
The S2Biom project
“resource
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28,
Turkey and
are available under
Project coordinator
Project partners
About S2Biom
The S2Biom project
“resource-efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28,
Turkey and Ukraine
are available under
Project coordinator
Project partners
S2Biom project
The S2Biom project - Delivery of sustainable supply of non
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28,
Ukraine. Further information
are available under www.s2biom.eu
Project coordinator
Project partners
project
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28,
urther information
www.s2biom.eu.
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
efficient” Bioeconomy in Europe - supports the sustainable delivery of non
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28,
urther information about the project and the partners involved
Scientific coordinator
Delivery of sustainable supply of non
supports the sustainable delivery of non
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
regional, national and pan European level for EU28, W
about the project and the partners involved
Scientific coordinator
Delivery of sustainable supply of non-food biomass to support a
supports the sustainable delivery of non
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
Western Balkans,
about the project and the partners involved
Scientific coordinator
food biomass to support a
supports the sustainable delivery of non
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through devel
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
estern Balkans, Moldova,
about the project and the partners involved
Scientific coordinator
D2.3
food biomass to support a
supports the sustainable delivery of non-
food biomass feedstock at local, regional and pan European level through developing
strategies, and roadmaps that will be informed by a “computerized and easy to use”
toolset (and respective databases) with updated harmonized datasets at local,
Moldova,
about the project and the partners involved
2
About
This report
conversion technologies
Due date of deliverable:Actual submission date:Start date of project:Duration:
Work packageTaskLead contractor for thisdeliverableEditorAuthors
Quality reviewer
PU Public
PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Version
1.0
1.1
2.0
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
The sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblefor any use that may be made of the information
About this document
This report corresponds to
conversion technologies
Due date of deliverable:Actual submission date:Start date of project:Duration:
Work package
Lead contractor for thisdeliverable
Authors
Quality reviewer
Public
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Version Date
1 Feb 2016
19 Feb 2016
29 Feb 2016
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblefor any use that may be made of the information
this document
corresponds to
conversion technologies. It has been prepared
Due date of deliverable: MActual submission date: 29 FebStart date of project: 01 Sep
36 months
22.
Lead contractor for this BTG
Tijs LammensTijs Lammens (BTG),den Berg(ECN), Paulien Harmsen (DLO)Martijn Vis (BTG)
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Author(s)
eb 2016 T.M. Lammens
19 Feb 2016T.M. Lammens, P.
Harmsen
29 Feb 2016T.M. Lammens, P.
Harmsen
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblefor any use that may be made of the information
corresponds to D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
. It has been prepared
M30, 29 Feb29 Feb 201601 Sep 201336 months
22.1BTG
Tijs LammensTijs Lammens (BTG),den Berg (BTG)(ECN), Paulien Harmsen (DLO)Martijn Vis (BTG)
Dissemination Level
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Author(s)
T.M. Lammens
T.M. Lammens, P.
Harmsen
T.M. Lammens, P.
Harmsen
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblefor any use that may be made of the information
D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
. It has been prepared by:
, 29 Feb 2016
Tijs LammensTijs Lammens (BTG), Martijn Vis
(BTG), Janne Kärki (VTT)(ECN), Paulien Harmsen (DLO)Martijn Vis (BTG)
Dissemination Level
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Reason for modification
Compilation of
on various working documents.
DLO with request for input.
T.M. Lammens, P.Chapter added
T.M. Lammens, P.Review
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblefor any use that may be made of the information contained therein.
D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
by:
Martijn Vis (BTG)rki (VTT), Ayla Uslu (ECN)
(ECN), Paulien Harmsen (DLO), Hugo de Groot (DLO)
Dissemination Level
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the
Reason for modification
Compilation of deliverable D2.
on various working documents.
DLO with request for input.
hapter added by DLO.
Reviewed by WP partners.
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventhresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsiblecontained therein.
D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
(BTG), Rik te Raa (BTG),Ayla Uslu (ECN)
, Hugo de Groot (DLO)
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)
Reason for modification
deliverable D2.
on various working documents.
DLO with request for input.
by DLO.
by WP partners.
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Frameworkresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsible
D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
Rik te Raa (BTG), Douwe vanAyla Uslu (ECN), Hamid Mozaffarian
, Hugo de Groot (DLO)
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Commission Services)
Status
deliverable D2.3 based
on various working documents. Sent to
Submitted
Framework Programme forresearch, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No 608622.
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsible
D2.3
D2.3 Final version of the comprehensive database of
Douwe van, Hamid Mozaffarian
PU
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services):
Status
Submitted
Programme for
he sole responsibility of this publication lies with the author. The European Union is not responsible
3
D2.3
4
Executive Summary
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
online, at:
The database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
main categories:
• Direct combustion
• Gasification (and the syngas platform)
• Fast Pyrolysis
• Torrefaction
• Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
• Biochemical conversion
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7.
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but
available. This is a representation of the
and expected market situation of these products.
Executive Summary
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
online, at: http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
main categories:
Direct combustion
Gasification (and the syngas platform)
Fast Pyrolysis
Torrefaction
Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
Biochemical conversion
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7.
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but
available. This is a representation of the
expected market situation of these products.
Executive Summary
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
Direct combustion
Gasification (and the syngas platform)
Fast Pyrolysis
Torrefaction
Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
Biochemical conversion
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7.
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but
available. This is a representation of the
expected market situation of these products.
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl.
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
Gasification (and the syngas platform)
Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
Biochemical conversion technologies
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7.
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but
available. This is a representation of the
expected market situation of these products.
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
.
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
Gasification (and the syngas platform)
Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
technologies
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7.
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but
available. This is a representation of the technology readiness levels and the
expected market situation of these products.
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
Techniques from the pulp and paper industry
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
market combinations that were defined in WP7. For heat, power and fuels, sever
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
(especially through the sugar platform) some but fewer conversion technologies
technology readiness levels and the
expected market situation of these products.
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
For heat, power and fuels, sever
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio
fewer conversion technologies
technology readiness levels and the
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
For heat, power and fuels, sever
technologies are available in the database, while for other bio-based products
fewer conversion technologies
technology readiness levels and the
D2.3
This report describes the database that contains biomass conversion technologies,
which was prepared for the S2Biom project. The database itself can be accessed
database contains about 50 entries, describing technologies in the following
In the process of creating the database a link was made with WP7, in order to take
up the technologies relevant for producing the products described in the product
For heat, power and fuels, several
based products
fewer conversion technologies are
technology readiness levels and the current
5
Table of contents
Executive Summary
1. Introduction
Contents of2.
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
Description of the database3.
List of Figures
Figure 1. Structure of WP2 in WP1
Figure 2.
product and chemical building blocks.
Figure 3. Biorefinery plant.
Figure
Figure 5. Print
database.
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
List of Tables
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
Table 2. Product Market Combinations of bio
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
D7.2. ................................
Table of contents
Executive Summary
Introduction
Contents of
Overview of conversion technologies in the database
Bio-based products covered by the database
2.2.1 Products of the sugar platform
2.2.2 Products of the pyrolysis platform
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
Description of the database
List of Figures
Figure 1. Structure of WP2 in WP1
Figure 2. Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
product and chemical building blocks.
Figure 3. Biorefinery plant.
4. Bio-based routes in the database
Figure 5. Print-screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
ase.................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
List of Tables
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
Table 2. Product Market Combinations of bio
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
................................
Table of contents
Executive Summary ................................
Introduction ................................
Contents of the database
Overview of conversion technologies in the database
based products covered by the database
Products of the sugar platform
Products of the pyrolysis platform
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
Description of the database
List of Figures
Figure 1. Structure of WP2 in WP1
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
product and chemical building blocks.
Figure 3. Biorefinery plant.................................
based routes in the database
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
Table 2. Product Market Combinations of bio
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
................................................................
................................
................................
the database................................
Overview of conversion technologies in the database
based products covered by the database
Products of the sugar platform
Products of the pyrolysis platform
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
Description of the database ................................
Figure 1. Structure of WP2 in WP1-4 of the S2Biom project
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
product and chemical building blocks.
................................
based routes in the database
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
................................................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
Table 2. Product Market Combinations of bio
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................
Overview of conversion technologies in the database
based products covered by the database
Products of the sugar platform................................
Products of the pyrolysis platform................................
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
................................
4 of the S2Biom project
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
product and chemical building blocks. ................................
................................................................
based routes in the database ................................
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
Table 2. Product Market Combinations of bio-based (lignocellulosic) products, with
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
................................................................
................................
................................
................................................................
Overview of conversion technologies in the database
based products covered by the database ................................
................................
................................
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
................................................................
4 of the S2Biom project
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
................................
................................
................................
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
................................................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.
based (lignocellulosic) products, with
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
................................
................................................................
................................................................
................................
Overview of conversion technologies in the database ...............................
................................
................................................................
................................................................
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database
................................
4 of the S2Biom project ................................
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
................................................................
........................................................
..............................................................
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database.
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database.................................
based (lignocellulosic) products, with
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as describ
.........................................................
................................
................................
..................................................
...............................
..........................................
..........................................
................................
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics in the database ........
...........................................
................................
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
................................
........................
..............................
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
..................................................
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry in the database. ...........
................................
based (lignocellulosic) products, with
their expected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020 and 2030, as described in
.........................
D2.3
................................. 4
....................................... 6
.................. 8
............................... 8
.......... 11
..........11
.....................................15
........ 16
........... 17
...................................... 7
Relationship between raw biomass materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
...................................... 12
........................ 13
.............................. 14
screen of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
.................. 17
........... 18
.................................... 8
based (lignocellulosic) products, with
ed in
......................... 11
6
1. Introduction
The overall objective
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
technologies for energy and bio
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
To assess the optimal match of biomass
future non
This D2.3
conversion technologies
essential link between
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
products (described
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both
essential elements of each pathway, and
online database
conversion technologies up
biochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.2) and
This database and the biomass
selection method to
(D2.2). Th
optimisation of
logistical parameters as developed in WP3.
The following linkages with other WPs were established:
WP1:
WP3:
WP4: t
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
as on
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
(theme 2 and 3).
1 The actual database can be accessed atclicking “conversion technologies”
Introduction
The overall objective
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
technologies for energy and bio
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
To assess the optimal match of biomass
future non-food biomass conversion technologies.
3 report provides background information on the development of
conversion technologies
essential link between
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
products (described
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both
essential elements of each pathway, and
online database. This includes existing convers
conversion technologies up
biochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.2) and
This database and the biomass
selection method to
This selection method will be further
optimisation of biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
logistical parameters as developed in WP3.
following linkages with other WPs were established:
WP1: the selected
WP3: the selection of technologies was done in
WP4: the database structure
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
as on the product
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
(theme 2 and 3).
The actual database can be accessed at“conversion technologies”
Introduction
The overall objectives of WP 2 are the following:
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
technologies for energy and bio
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
To assess the optimal match of biomass
food biomass conversion technologies.
provides background information on the development of
conversion technologies, which is now available online
essential link between a variety of
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
products (described in WP7).
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both
essential elements of each pathway, and
This includes existing convers
conversion technologies up to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
biochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.2) and
This database and the biomass
selection method to optimally match biomass types with the
selection method will be further
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
logistical parameters as developed in WP3.
following linkages with other WPs were established:
the selected technologies cover the b
the selection of technologies was done in
he database structure
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
the product-market combinations described in deliverable D7.2.
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
(theme 2 and 3).
The actual database can be accessed at“conversion technologies”.
are the following:
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
technologies for energy and bio-based products.
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
To assess the optimal match of biomass
food biomass conversion technologies.
provides background information on the development of
, which is now available online
a variety of lignocellulosic biomass
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both
essential elements of each pathway, and were
This includes existing convers
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
biochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.2) and thermochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.3).
characteristics database
match biomass types with the
selection method will be further
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
logistical parameters as developed in WP3. Figure
following linkages with other WPs were established:
technologies cover the b
the selection of technologies was done in
he database structure was developed in close coop
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
market combinations described in deliverable D7.2.
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
The actual database can be accessed at http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
are the following:
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
based products.
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
To assess the optimal match of biomass categories of different quality with the existing and
food biomass conversion technologies.
provides background information on the development of
, which is now available online.
lignocellulosic biomass
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both
were characterised in detail in this task
This includes existing conversion technologies (Subtask 2.1.1) as well as future
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
thermochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.3).
characteristics database
match biomass types with the
selection method will be further developed
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
Figure 1 shows the linkage
following linkages with other WPs were established:
technologies cover the biomass sources assessed in WP1.
the selection of technologies was done in close
developed in close coop
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
market combinations described in deliverable D7.2.
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non
based products.
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
identified and quantified in WP1 need to be characterised.
categories of different quality with the existing and
food biomass conversion technologies.
provides background information on the development of
.1 Biomass conversion technologies form the
lignocellulosic biomass sources
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4
Conversion technologies and end use applications (both bio-energy and bio
characterised in detail in this task
ion technologies (Subtask 2.1.1) as well as future
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
thermochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.3).
characteristics database together provide the relevant data for the
match biomass types with the most suitable
developed into a matching tool
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
shows the linkage
following linkages with other WPs were established:
iomass sources assessed in WP1.
close cooperation with WP3 logistics.
developed in close cooperation with WP4, especially taking
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the
market combinations described in deliverable D7.2.
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl under the t
To identify and extensively characterise existing and future non-food biomass
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
categories of different quality with the existing and
provides background information on the development of the database of biomass
Biomass conversion technologies form the
sources (WP1) of which a wide range of
properties were gathered in the biomass characteristics database (D2.4), and
energy and bio-based products) are the
characterised in detail in this task
ion technologies (Subtask 2.1.1) as well as future
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
thermochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.3).
provide the relevant data for the
most suitable conversion technologies
into a matching tool
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to
shows the linkages between WP1
iomass sources assessed in WP1.
cooperation with WP3 logistics.
eration with WP4, especially taking
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
WP7: coordination was established on the information needed for the RESolve model
market combinations described in deliverable D7.2.
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
under the tab “biomass chain data”,
food biomass conversion
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
categories of different quality with the existing and
the database of biomass
Biomass conversion technologies form the
which a wide range of
and a variety of
based products) are the
characterised in detail in this task, and gathered in an
ion technologies (Subtask 2.1.1) as well as future
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
thermochemical processes (Subtask 2.1.3).
provide the relevant data for the
conversion technologies
into a matching tool (part of WP4)
biomass use from a technical perspective, with linkages to pretreatment and
s between WP1-4.
iomass sources assessed in WP1.
cooperation with WP3 logistics.
eration with WP4, especially taking
into account the requirements for the biomass and technology matching tool.
RESolve model
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
ab “biomass chain data”,
D2.3
conversion
To develop a standardized methodology according to which the different biomass categories
categories of different quality with the existing and
the database of biomass
Biomass conversion technologies form the
which a wide range of
a variety of final
based products) are the
, and gathered in an
ion technologies (Subtask 2.1.1) as well as future
to 2030, including novel biorefinery concepts that are based on
provide the relevant data for the
conversion technologies
(part of WP4) for
pretreatment and
cooperation with WP3 logistics.
eration with WP4, especially taking
RESolve model as well
All information has been available through the viewing tool in WP4, also for use in other WPs
ab “biomass chain data”, by
7
FigureFigure 1. Structure of WP2 in WP1Structure of WP2 in WP1Structure of WP2 in WP1--4 of the S2BS2Biom projectoject
D2.3
8
Content2.
This chapter
products these technologies
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
the database.
2.1 Overview of
The rationale behind the selection of
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
each biomass conversion technology”
Table 1 summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
technologies”. The first category contains
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NO
contains both chemical and biochemical processes
cellulose and
requirements for digestibility and biogas yield.
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
distinguish
(level 1) is ‘
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combusti
Category
Thermal conversion
Direct combustionof solid biomass
Contents of the database
chapter describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
products these technologies
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
the database.
Overview of
The rationale behind the selection of
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
each biomass conversion technology”
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
technologies”. The first category contains
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NO
contains both chemical and biochemical processes
cellulose and ash content.
requirements for digestibility and biogas yield.
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
distinguish each technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
(level 1) is ‘direct combustion
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combusti
Table
ategory
Thermal conversion technologies
Direct combustionof solid biomass
of the database
describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
products these technologies cover (inclu
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
Overview of conversion
The rationale behind the selection of
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
each biomass conversion technology”
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
technologies”. The first category contains
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NO
contains both chemical and biochemical processes
ash content. The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
requirements for digestibility and biogas yield.
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
combustion of solid biomass
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combusti
Table 1. Conversion technologies described in the database
Subcategory
technologies
Fluidised bed combustion for CHP(steam cycle)
Fixed bed combustion for heat
Fixed bed combustion for CHP (steamcycle)
Direct co-combustion in coal fired powerplants
Waste incinerators with energy recovery
Domestic pellet burners for heat
Domestic residential batch fired stovesfor heat
of the database
describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
cover (including energy)
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
conversion technologies in the database
The rationale behind the selection of the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
each biomass conversion technology”, as well as which technologies were selected.
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
technologies”. The first category contains thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NO
contains both chemical and biochemical processes
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
requirements for digestibility and biogas yield.
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
of solid biomass
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combusti
Conversion technologies described in the database
Fluidised bed combustion for CHP
Fixed bed combustion for heat
Fixed bed combustion for CHP (steam
combustion in coal fired power
Waste incinerators with energy recovery
Domestic pellet burners for heat
Domestic residential batch fired stoves
describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
ing energy), the link with the product
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
technologies in the database
the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
, as well as which technologies were selected.
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NO
contains both chemical and biochemical processes that have requirements on the lignin, (hemi
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
requirements for digestibility and biogas yield.
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
of solid biomass’, with subcategory (level 2) ‘fluidized bed combustion’,
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combusti
Conversion technologies described in the database
Fluidised bed combustion for CHP
Fixed bed combustion for heat
Fixed bed combustion for CHP (steam
combustion in coal fired power
Waste incinerators with energy recovery
Domestic pellet burners for heat
Domestic residential batch fired stoves
describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
the link with the product
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
technologies in the database
the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
, as well as which technologies were selected.
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
corrosion, ash agglomeration (fouling), ash content, and NOx emissions. The
that have requirements on the lignin, (hemi
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
’, with subcategory (level 2) ‘fluidized bed combustion’,
and process name (level 3) Circulating Fluidized Bed direct combustion’.
Conversion technologies described in the database
Process name
BFB direct
CFB direct combustion
Grate boiler for heat
Grate boiler with wood chips for CHP
Grate boiler with agrobiomass for CHP
combustion in coal fired powerCo-firing in PC
Waste incinerators with energy recovery Grate fired waste incinerator
Pellet boiler for heat
Batch stove for heat
describes the technologies that were taken up in the databas
the link with the product-market combinations
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
technologies in the database
the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
, as well as which technologies were selected.
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
emissions. The
that have requirements on the lignin, (hemi
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
’, with subcategory (level 2) ‘fluidized bed combustion’,
on’.
Conversion technologies described in the database
name
BFB direct combustion
CFB direct combustion
Grate boiler for heat
Grate boiler with wood chips for CHP
Grate boiler with agrobiomass for CHP
firing in PC
Grate fired waste incinerator
Pellet boiler for heat
Batch stove for heat
describes the technologies that were taken up in the database, which bio
market combinations
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
technologies in the database
the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
, as well as which technologies were selected.
summarizes the conversion technologies that were taken up in the database.
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
emissions. The second
that have requirements on the lignin, (hemi
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
’, with subcategory (level 2) ‘fluidized bed combustion’,
Conversion technologies described in the database.
combustion
Grate boiler with wood chips for CHP
Grate boiler with agrobiomass for CHP
Grate fired waste incinerator
D2.3
e, which bio-based
market combinations
that were defined in WP7, as well as the main characteristics of the technologies that can be found in
the conversion technologies was described in deliverable D2.1,
“A method for standardized biomass characterization and minimal biomass quality requirements for
In order to be able to match the technology requirements with biomass characteristics, the different
technologies were categorized into three main categories, all with a different set of specifications, as
described in deliverable D2.2, “A selection method to match biomass types with the best conversion
thermal conversion technologies, with requirements for
category
that have requirements on the lignin, (hemi-)
The third category specifically contains anaerobic digestion, and has
Each category is further split down into three levels, in order to provide sufficient level of detail to
technology. An example of this is for thermal conversion processes: one category
’, with subcategory (level 2) ‘fluidized bed combustion’,
Grate boiler with wood chips for CHP
Grate boiler with agrobiomass for CHP
9
Gasificationtechnologies
Syngas platform
Fast pyrolysis
Torrefaction
(Bio-)chemical conversion technologies
Techniques frompulp and paperindustry
Chemicalpretreatment
Biochemicalhydrolysis andfermentation
Biochemicalethanol andbiobased products
Treatment insubcritical water
Gasificationtechnologies
Syngas platform
Fast pyrolysis
Torrefaction
)chemical conversion technologies
Techniques frompulp and paper
Chemicalpretreatment
Biochemicalhydrolysis andfermentation
Biochemicalethanol andbiobased products
Treatment insubcritical water
Circulating Fluidized bed for CHP (gasengine)
Circulating Fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for CHP (gasengine)
Circulating Fluidized bed for syngasproduction
Dual Fluidized bed for
Dual Fluidized bed for syngas production
Entrained flow for syngas production
Fixed bed (downdraft) for CHP (gasengine)
Fixed bed (updraft), direct combustion
Bubbling fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for syngasproduction
Fluidised bed gasification for methanolproduction
Indirect gasification for
Fluidised bed gasification for FTproduction
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis and hydrogenation for dieselfuel
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine forelectricity
Pyrolysis plus
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine forelectricity
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine forelectricity
Moving bed reactor
)chemical conversion technologies
Kraft process with
Prehydrolysis Kraft process in waterphase
Alkaline hydrolysis
Dilute acid hydrolysis
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Fermentation
Simultaneousfermentation
Aqueous Phase Reforming
Circulating Fluidized bed for CHP (gas
Circulating Fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for CHP (gas
Circulating Fluidized bed for syngas
Dual Fluidized bed for CHP (gas engine)
Dual Fluidized bed for syngas production
Entrained flow for syngas production
Fixed bed (downdraft) for CHP (gas
Fixed bed (updraft), direct combustion
Bubbling fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for syngas
Fluidised bed gasification for methanol
Indirect gasification for SNG production
Fluidised bed gasification for FT
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis and hydrogenation for diesel
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine for
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine for
oil and diesel engine for
Moving bed reactor
)chemical conversion technologies
Kraft process with LignoBoost process
Prehydrolysis Kraft process in water
Alkaline hydrolysis
Dilute acid hydrolysis
Enzymatic hydrolysis
Fermentation
Simultaneous saccharification andfermentation
Aqueous Phase Reforming
Circulating Fluidized bed for CHP (gas
Circulating Fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for CHP (gas
Circulating Fluidized bed for syngas
CHP (gas engine)
Dual Fluidized bed for syngas production
Entrained flow for syngas production
Fixed bed (downdraft) for CHP (gas
Fixed bed (updraft), direct combustion
Bubbling fluidized bed for IGCC
Bubbling fluidized bed for syngas
Fluidised bed gasification for methanol
SNG production
Fluidised bed gasification for FT-fuels
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis and hydrogenation for diesel
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine for
boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat and steam
Pyrolysis oil and diesel engine for
oil and diesel engine for
LignoBoost process
Prehydrolysis Kraft process in water
saccharification and
CFB for CHP
CFB for IGCC
BFB for CHP
CFB for syngas
DFB for CHP
Dual Fluidized bed for syngas production DFB for syngas
Entrained flow for syngas
Fixed bed for CHP
Fixed bed, direct combustion
BFB for IGCC
BFB for syngas
Syngas to methanol
Producer gas to biomethane
Syngas to FT
Fresh wood chips to pyrolysis oil
Agricultural residues to pyrolysis oil
Pyrolysis oil to heat
Pyrolysis oil to steam
Pyrolysis oil diesel
Pyrolysis combustion engine (compressionignition)
CHP Gas Turbine
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat, integrated
Pyrolysis plus boiler for steam, integrated
Pyrolysis plus combustion engine, integrated
Pyrolysis plus CHP, integrated
torrefaction and pellet
Kraft process with Lignoboost
Prehydrolysis kraft
Alkaline hydrolysis
Dilute acid hydrolysis
Enzymatic hydrolysis alkaline pretreated
Enzymatic hydrolysis acid pretreated
Fermentation alkaline pretreated
Fermentation acid pretreated
Ethanol from lignocellulose (dilute acidpretreatment), value chain example
Aqueous Phase Reforming
CFB for CHP
CFB for IGCC
BFB for CHP
CFB for syngas
DFB for CHP
DFB for syngas
Entrained flow for syngas
Fixed bed for CHP
Fixed bed, direct combustion
BFB for IGCC
BFB for syngas
Syngas to methanol
Producer gas to biomethane
Syngas to FT-diesel
Fresh wood chips to pyrolysis oil
Agricultural residues to pyrolysis oil
Pyrolysis oil to heat
Pyrolysis oil to steam
Pyrolysis oil diesel
Pyrolysis combustion engine (compression
CHP Gas Turbine
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat, integrated
Pyrolysis plus boiler for steam, integrated
Pyrolysis plus combustion engine, integrated
Pyrolysis plus CHP, integrated
torrefaction and pellet
Kraft process with Lignoboost
Prehydrolysis kraft
Alkaline hydrolysis
Dilute acid hydrolysis
Enzymatic hydrolysis alkaline pretreated
Enzymatic hydrolysis acid pretreated
Fermentation alkaline pretreated
Fermentation acid pretreated
Ethanol from lignocellulose (dilute acidpretreatment), value chain example
Aqueous Phase Reforming
Entrained flow for syngas
Fixed bed, direct combustion
Producer gas to biomethane
Fresh wood chips to pyrolysis oil
Agricultural residues to pyrolysis oil
Pyrolysis combustion engine (compression
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat, integrated
Pyrolysis plus boiler for steam, integrated
Pyrolysis plus combustion engine, integrated
Pyrolysis plus CHP, integrated
torrefaction and pelletisation (TOP)
Kraft process with Lignoboost
Enzymatic hydrolysis alkaline pretreated
Enzymatic hydrolysis acid pretreated
Fermentation alkaline pretreated
Fermentation acid pretreated
Ethanol from lignocellulose (dilute acidpretreatment), value chain example
Aqueous Phase Reforming
D2.3
Pyrolysis combustion engine (compression-
Pyrolysis plus boiler for heat, integrated
Pyrolysis plus boiler for steam, integrated
Pyrolysis plus combustion engine, integrated
Enzymatic hydrolysis alkaline pretreated
Enzymatic hydrolysis acid pretreated
Ethanol from lignocellulose (dilute acidpretreatment), value chain example
10
Anaerobic digestion technologies
Anaerobicdigestion
Anaerobicdigestion
Abbreviations:
BFB: bubbling fluidized bed
CFB: circulating fluidized bed
CHP: combined heat and power
DFB: dual
FT: Fischer
IGCC: integrated gasification combined cycle
MSW: municipal solid waste
PC: pulverized coal
SNG: synthetic natural gas
Anaerobic digestion technologies
Anaerobicdigestion
Anaerobicdigestion
Abbreviations:
BFB: bubbling fluidized bed
CFB: circulating fluidized bed
CHP: combined heat and power
ual fluidized bed
Fischer-Tropsch
ntegrated gasification combined cycle
MSW: municipal solid waste
ulverized coal-fired boiler
SNG: synthetic natural gas
Anaerobic digestion technologies
Complete mix digester
Plug flow digester
BFB: bubbling fluidized bed
CFB: circulating fluidized bed
CHP: combined heat and power
luidized bed
ntegrated gasification combined cycle
MSW: municipal solid waste
fired boiler
SNG: synthetic natural gas
mix digester
Plug flow digester
ntegrated gasification combined cyclentegrated gasification combined cycle
Complete mix digester state of the art 2014
Dry Batch Digestion (MSW)
Complete mix digester state of the art 2014
Dry Batch Digestion (MSW)
Complete mix digester state of the art 2014
Dry Batch Digestion (MSW)
D2.3
Complete mix digester state of the art 2014
11
2.2 Bio
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio
shown in
Tableexpected contribution to the EU
Product
1. Heat2. Electricity3. Advanced
4. C6 sugars5. C5 sugars
6. Biomethane7. Aromatics (BTX)8. Methanol9. Hydrogen10. Ethylene
The technology database covers
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
biofuels
ethanol as well as
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
For methanol
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
take up the technologies in the data
With regards to the production of bio
only to take up
for pretreatment and
the sugars into ethanol)
taking up ethanol as a product and no other sugar
the followin
2.2.1 Products of the sugar platform
Author of this paragraph
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
produced from carbohydrates.
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
Bio-based products
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio
shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Product Market Combinationsexpected contribution to the EU
Product
HeatElectricityAdvanced biofuels
sugarssugars
BiomethaneAromatics (BTX)MethanolHydrogenEthylene
The technology database covers
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
is covered by a num
ethanol as well as through the
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
ethanol the production
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
the technologies in the data
With regards to the production of bio
to take up the product ethanol in the database
for pretreatment and
the sugars into ethanol)
taking up ethanol as a product and no other sugar
the following paragraph.
Products of the sugar platform
of this paragraph
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
produced from carbohydrates.
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
based products
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio
Product Market Combinationsexpected contribution to the EU
Market
District heatingPower market
biofuels Transport fuel
Polymers &
Grid, transportAromatics (BTX) Petrochemical industry
Transport, chemical industryTransport, (petro)chemical industry(petro)chemical industry
The technology database covers
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
is covered by a number of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
through the production of drop
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
production route
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
the technologies in the data
With regards to the production of bio
the product ethanol in the database
for pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis
the sugars into ethanol). The rationale
taking up ethanol as a product and no other sugar
g paragraph.
Products of the sugar platform
of this paragraph: P. Harmsen
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
produced from carbohydrates. Ma
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
based products covered by
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio
Product Market Combinationsexpected contribution to the EU28 demand in 2020
Market
District heatingPower marketTransport fuel
Polymers & plastics, solvents, surfactants
Grid, transportPetrochemical industryTransport, chemical industryTransport, (petro)chemical industry(petro)chemical industry
The technology database covers the production of
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
production of drop
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
route through gasification
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
the technologies in the database.
With regards to the production of bio-based products through
the product ethanol in the database
enzymatic hydrolysis
. The rationale for creating such value chains in the database
taking up ethanol as a product and no other sugar
Products of the sugar platform
: P. Harmsen (DLO)
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
Many developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
covered by the database
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio
Product Market Combinations of bio-baseddemand in 2020
plastics, solvents, surfactants
Petrochemical industryTransport, chemical industryTransport, (petro)chemical industry(petro)chemical industry
production of heat and electricity
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
production of drop-in fuels
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
through gasification
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
based products through
the product ethanol in the database, through the
(producing C5/C6 sugars) with
creating such value chains in the database
taking up ethanol as a product and no other sugar-based products (e.g. bioplastics)
Products of the sugar platform
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
ny developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
the database
WP7 defined ten product market combinations (PMCs) for bio-based products (D7.2). These are
based (lignocellulosic)demand in 2020 and 2030
plastics, solvents, surfactants
Transport, chemical industryTransport, (petro)chemical industry
heat and electricity
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
in fuels with pyrolysis
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
was incorporated
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained
based products through the sugar platform
through the combination
C5/C6 sugars) with
creating such value chains in the database
based products (e.g. bioplastics)
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed.
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
ny developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
the database
based products (D7.2). These are
(lignocellulosic) products,and 2030, as described in D7.2
PJ in 2020
3242743112
plastics, solvents, surfactants 8
649320
heat and electricity extensively, because these
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
pyrolysis or gasification
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion
was incorporated, as described in D7.2c.
the PMCs 7, 9 and 10 (BTX, hydrogen, ethylene), no data could be obtained of a sufficient quality to
the sugar platform
combination of the se
C5/C6 sugars) with fermentation
creating such value chains in the database
based products (e.g. bioplastics)
Sugars or carbohydrates are an important raw material for food and feed. In addition, carbohydrates
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
ny developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
based products (D7.2). These are
products, with, as described in D7.2
PJ in 2020 PJ in 2030
3242 47401040629
23
18826131923
extensively, because these
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
gasification. Biomethane
was covered by incorporating production technologies through anaerobic digestion and gasification
, as described in D7.2c.
of a sufficient quality to
the sugar platform, it was decided
of the separate entries
fermentation (converting
creating such value chains in the database and for only
based products (e.g. bioplastics) is explained in
In addition, carbohydrates
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
ny developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
D2.3
based products (D7.2). These are
with their, as described in D7.2.
PJ in 2030
47401040629
23
18826131923
extensively, because these
technologies are currently the furthest developed and widely available. The production of advanced
er of technologies, such as through biochemical production of cellulosic
. Biomethane
and gasification.
, as described in D7.2c. For
of a sufficient quality to
t was decided
parate entries
(converting
and for only
is explained in
In addition, carbohydrates
play an important role in the Biobased Economy, especially for applications in the biofuel sector and
the chemical industry, as many of the chemicals and materials from fossil resources can also be
ny developments are taking place to change from petrochemical
to renewable raw materials, and carbohydrates play an important role. In a Biobased Economy the
demand for renewable raw materials is large and resource efficiency is an important topic. This
12
requires a tailor
to the most suitable biomass and vice versa.
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
carbohydrate polymers cellulos
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
intermediate product and
Figure 2and chemical building blocks.
The following remarks can be made in connection to
1G biomass is easily converted to high
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
carbohydrates.
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
process.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
by amylases to glucose prior to fer
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
quires a tailor-made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
to the most suitable biomass and vice versa.
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
carbohydrate polymers cellulos
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
intermediate product and
2. Relationship between rawchemical building blocks.
The following remarks can be made in connection to
1G biomass is easily converted to high
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
carbohydrates.
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
process.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
by amylases to glucose prior to fer
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
to the most suitable biomass and vice versa.
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
carbohydrate polymers cellulose and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
intermediate product and chemical building blocks is shown in
elationship between rawchemical building blocks.
The following remarks can be made in connection to
1G biomass is easily converted to high
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
carbohydrates. Isolation efficiency of these ca
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
by amylases to glucose prior to fer
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
to the most suitable biomass and vice versa.
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
chemical building blocks is shown in
elationship between raw biomass
The following remarks can be made in connection to
1G biomass is easily converted to high
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
Isolation efficiency of these ca
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
by amylases to glucose prior to fermentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
to the most suitable biomass and vice versa.
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
chemical building blocks is shown in
biomass materials,
The following remarks can be made in connection to Figure
1G biomass is easily converted to high-purity sugars
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
Isolation efficiency of these carbohydrates
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
mentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
disaccharide). Also starch crops like cereals (maize, wheat) and potatoes are a rich source of
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
chemical building blocks is shown in Figure
materials, carbohydrates, intermediate
Figure 2:
purity sugars with conventional technology.
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
rbohydrates is
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes.
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
mentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
) and potatoes are a rich source of
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
materials as they cannot be used for food (humans cannot digest cellulose).
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
Figure 2.
carbohydrates, intermediate
with conventional technology.
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
is 95%.
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
isolated with an efficiency of 80%. These sugar streams are less pure than sugars from 1G
biomass due to the isolation and extraction processes. Further purification is a costly
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
mentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
) and potatoes are a rich source of
carbohydrates (starch, a glucose polymer). These biomass sources are so called 1G-materials, they
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
carbohydrates, intermediate
with conventional technology.
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
2G biomass also contains carbohydrates but these are more difficult to isolate as the
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
less pure than sugars from 1G
Further purification is a costly
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
mentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
corn syrup (HFCS), which can be used in the production of drinks and food.
D2.3
made approach, in which (a) desired product(s) or chemical building block is coupled
'Carbohydrate' is a collective name for a number of different sugar commodities. A major source of
sugar is sugar beet and sugar cane from which table sugar or granulated sugar is made (sucrose, a
) and potatoes are a rich source of
materials, they
are used for food and feed. In addition, wood and other lignocellulose material contain the
e and hemicellulose (and also lignin). These sources are called 2G-
The relationship between raw biomass, type of carbohydrates, fermentable sugars as key
carbohydrates, intermediate product
with conventional technology. On
average, 1G biomass (sugar or starch rich raw materials) contains 72 wt% dry matter
isolate as the
polymers are imbedded in a lignocellulosic matrix with lignin, a strong polymer of aromatics.
On average, 60 wt% of the dry biomass are carbohydrates, and these carbohydrates can be
less pure than sugars from 1G
Further purification is a costly
Sucrose can be fed to the fermentation unit directly, and starch can be enzymatic hydrolysed
mentation. The latter is also used to produce High fructose
13
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
biorefinery plant is require
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
representation of the bi
steps:
Figure 3
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable s
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
of lignocellulo
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline
removal). Only
the production of fermentable sugars, like acid
mills often apply alkaline processes (
lignin.
In the second step the cellu
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
enzymes used.
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
glucose from lignocellulose (2G). However,
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
and fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
scale from maize or sugar cane and
Woodresidue streams
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
biorefinery plant is require
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
representation of the bi
steps:
3. Biorefinery plant
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable s
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
of lignocellulose biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline
removal). Only few pretreatment methods
the production of fermentable sugars, like acid
mills often apply alkaline processes (
In the second step the cellu
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
nzymes used.
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
glucose from lignocellulose (2G). However,
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
scale from maize or sugar cane and
2GWood, lignocellulose
residue streams
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
biorefinery plant is require
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
representation of the bi
. Biorefinery plant.
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable s
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline
pretreatment methods
the production of fermentable sugars, like acid
mills often apply alkaline processes (
In the second step the cellulose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
glucose from lignocellulose (2G). However,
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
scale from maize or sugar cane and
lignocellulose Pretreatment
Lignin
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
biorefinery plant is required. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
representation of the biorefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable s
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline
pretreatment methods have
the production of fermentable sugars, like acid
mills often apply alkaline processes (e.g. Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
glucose from lignocellulose (2G). However,
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
scale from maize or sugar cane and on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
Pretreatment
Lignin
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
d. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
orefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable s
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline
have been reported as being potentiall
the production of fermentable sugars, like acid-catalysed steam explosion or liquid hot water. Pulp
Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
glucose from lignocellulose (2G). However, in order to isolate sugars from lignocellulose, elevated
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
CelluloseHemicellulose
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
d. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
orefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
that convert the carbohydrate polymers to fermentable sugars. Pretreatment has been recognised as
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
processes (aiming for hemicellulose degradation) and alkaline-related processes (aiming for lignin
been reported as being potentiall
catalysed steam explosion or liquid hot water. Pulp
Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
in order to isolate sugars from lignocellulose, elevated
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
HemicelluloseEnzymatichydrolysis
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
d. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation.
orefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
ugars. Pretreatment has been recognised as
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
related processes (aiming for lignin
been reported as being potentiall
catalysed steam explosion or liquid hot water. Pulp
Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
in order to isolate sugars from lignocellulose, elevated
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewabl
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
Enzymatichydrolysis
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
d. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
hemicellulose are now further degraded to monomers for fermentation. A schematic
orefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
ugars. Pretreatment has been recognised as
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid
related processes (aiming for lignin
been reported as being potentially cost effective for
catalysed steam explosion or liquid hot water. Pulp
Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G)
in order to isolate sugars from lignocellulose, elevated
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
of the most important challenges in current lignocellulose conversion technologies.
Nowadays the number of chemical building blocks produced from renewable resources is still
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
Biorefinery plant
Fermentablesugars
D2.3
For the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose (from lignocellulosic biomass) to sugars a
d. This biorefinery plant can be compared to a pulp mill for the
production of paper, with the difference that the carbohydrate polymers cellulose and
A schematic
orefinery plant is shown below, including the two main processing
Pretreatment is the first and also crucial step in the conversion of lignocellulose to sugars. It is
required to alter the structure of the biomass to make the cellulose more accessible to the enzymes
ugars. Pretreatment has been recognised as
one of the most expensive processing steps in lignocellulose conversion. A wide range of different
pretreatment techniques are available, and the choice depends on the desired products and the type
se biomass. In general, pretreatment techniques can be divided in acid-related
related processes (aiming for lignin
y cost effective for
catalysed steam explosion or liquid hot water. Pulp
Kraft) as they want paper pulp with a limited amount of
lose and hemicellulose polymers are being converted to fermentable
sugars by enzymatic hydrolysis. This step is costly due to the use of expensive enzymes. Major
challenge is the full conversion of the carbohydates to monomers and to reduce the amount of
The fermentation unit converts the sugars to various chemical building blocks like ethanol, butanol,
lactic acid etc. Chemically speaking there is no difference between glucose from starch (1G) and
in order to isolate sugars from lignocellulose, elevated
temperature and pressure is required to remove lignin and disrupt the crystalline structure of
cellulose. Hereby sugar and lignin degradation products are formed that inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis
fermentation as well. A cost effective process with the limited formation of inhibitors is still one
e resources is still
limited. Most examples of industrial production of biobased chemicals are based on first generation
(1G) materials, with ethanol as the only exception. Ethanol is being produced commercially on large
on a much smaller scale from lignocellulose biomass, mainly for
Biorefinery plant
Fermentablesugars
14
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible,
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
pure which makes the production of chemical
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
Biochemical conv
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
question is which part o
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in
product fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
quality is the key issue here.
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
that currently make use of 1G
choice was made to differentiate between acid
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
lignocellulose, others are still
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
Figure 4
In the search for data of sufficient
reports and articles
Wood, lignocelluloseresidue streams
Wood, lignocelluloseresidue streams
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible,
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
pure which makes the production of chemical
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
Biochemical conversion technologies in the database
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
question is which part o
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
quality is the key issue here.
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
that currently make use of 1G
choice was made to differentiate between acid
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
lignocellulose, others are still
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
4. Bio-based routes in the database
In the search for data of sufficient
reports and articles
2Glignocellulose
residue streams
2Glignocellulose
residue streams
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible,
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
pure which makes the production of chemical
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
ersion technologies in the database
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
question is which part of the biomass value chain needs to be covered.
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
quality is the key issue here.
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
that currently make use of 1G carbohydrates
choice was made to differentiate between acid
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
lignocellulose, others are still at
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
based routes in the database
In the search for data of sufficient
reports and articles about the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
Acidpretreatment
Xylose,arabinose
Alkalinepretreatment
Lignin
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible,
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
pure which makes the production of chemical
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
ersion technologies in the database
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
f the biomass value chain needs to be covered.
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
carbohydrates
choice was made to differentiate between acid
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
at R&D-level.
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
based routes in the database
In the search for data of sufficient quality to be used in the database a
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
CelluloseLignin
CelluloseHemicellulose
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible,
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
pure which makes the production of chemical building blocks far more challenging. Additionally,
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
ersion technologies in the database
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
f the biomass value chain needs to be covered.
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
carbohydrates. Given the large numb
choice was made to differentiate between acid-related processes and alkaline
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
level. For that reason ethanol was chosen as end
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
based routes in the database
ty to be used in the database a
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
Enzymatichydrolysis
Enzymatichydrolysis
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
continue to grow, examples are lactic acid and propanediol.
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step
initially work with materials that are as pure as possible, i.e. 1G-sugars. If this is successful they can
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
building blocks far more challenging. Additionally,
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
f the biomass value chain needs to be covered.
between raw materials and chemical building blocks in Figure 2 it is clear that the intermed
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
. Given the large numb
related processes and alkaline
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in
to differentiate in the database between acid and alkaline routes.
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
For that reason ethanol was chosen as end
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
ty to be used in the database a
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
GlucoseLignin
Glucose, xylosearabinose
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effe
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
Transition from petrochemical to renewable raw material is a step-by-step process. Comp
sugars. If this is successful they can
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
building blocks far more challenging. Additionally,
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available.
f the biomass value chain needs to be covered. Looking at the relationship
it is clear that the intermed
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
. Given the large number of pretreatment processes a
related processes and alkaline-related processes. As
these processes generate different intermediate products as shown in Figure 4, it was also necessary
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
For that reason ethanol was chosen as end
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
ty to be used in the database a problem
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
GlucoseLignin
xylose,arabinose
EtOHfermentation
C6 sugars
Ligninresidue
EtOHfermentationC5&C
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
oil is very cheap, making it difficult for companies to produce bioethanol in a cost effective way.
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
step process. Comp
sugars. If this is successful they can
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
building blocks far more challenging. Additionally,
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
useful application, to ensure an economically feasible process, has yet to be found.
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
possible and only those examples can be used where data of sufficient quality is available. The main
Looking at the relationship
it is clear that the intermed
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
er of pretreatment processes a
related processes. As
, it was also necessary
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
For that reason ethanol was chosen as end-product as
reports are available describing the production of bioethanol from lignocellulose.
was encountered
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
Alkaline process
EtOHfermentation
sugars
Lignin-richresidue
Ethanol
EtOHfermentation
C6 sugarsEthanol
D2.3
applications in biofuel. Production of bioethanol is strongly related to the oil prices. At the moment
ctive way.
Especially chemical building blocks of which production from sugar is cheaper than from oil will
step process. Companies
sugars. If this is successful they can
take the next step, like sugar production from lignocellulose biomass. These sugars are often less
building blocks far more challenging. Additionally,
using lignocellulosic biomass as source of sugars results in formation of lignin residues for which a
The production of biobased products through the sugar platform is complex as many options are
The main
Looking at the relationship
it is clear that the intermediate
ct fermentable sugar is most important, and that the production of cheap sugars of sufficient
For this reason it was decided to focus on processes (conversion technologies) that convert
lignocellulose biomass to fermentable sugars, rather than including various fermentation processes
er of pretreatment processes a
related processes. As
, it was also necessary
Ethanol is the only chemical building block today that is produced on a large scale from
product as
was encountered: in
the conversion of lignocellulose to ethanol, only the overall process
Acid proces
Alkaline process
Ethanol
Ethanol
15
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
previous projects could be used
possible to elucidate sufficient data to describe the key
sugars from lignocellulose.
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
final product, the description of
chain consist
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
accessible or reliable data. Therefore
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
2.2.2 Pro
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform.
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
more efficiently th
Further processing then means the production of
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
range of bio
In the database a
examples of
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
through the fast pyrolysis process.
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
previous projects could be used
possible to elucidate sufficient data to describe the key
sugars from lignocellulose.
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
final product, the description of
chain consists of multiple processes,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
accessible or reliable data. Therefore
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
Products of the pyrolysis platform
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform.
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
more efficiently than the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
Further processing then means the production of
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
range of bio-based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
In the database a couple of separate entries were
examples of value chain
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
through the fast pyrolysis process.
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
previous projects could be used
possible to elucidate sufficient data to describe the key
sugars from lignocellulose.
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
final product, the description of
of multiple processes,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
accessible or reliable data. Therefore
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
ducts of the pyrolysis platform
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform.
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
Further processing then means the production of
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
couple of separate entries were
value chains from biomass to
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
through the fast pyrolysis process.
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
to describe the various separate processes
possible to elucidate sufficient data to describe the key
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
final product, the description of a full value chain from biomass to ethanol
of multiple processes, which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
accessible or reliable data. Therefore it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
ducts of the pyrolysis platform
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform.
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
Further processing then means the production of
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
couple of separate entries were
from biomass to a
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
through the fast pyrolysis process.
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
to describe the various separate processes
possible to elucidate sufficient data to describe the key issue here,
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
a full value chain from biomass to ethanol
which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
ducts of the pyrolysis platform
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform.
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
Further processing then means the production of pyrolysis
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
couple of separate entries were combined into new ones
final product
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
to describe the various separate processes
issue here, i.e.
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
a full value chain from biomass to ethanol
which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
A similar argument can be made for the pyrolysis platform. The general concept of fast pyrolysis is to
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
pyrolysis oil diesel
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district hea
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
combined into new ones
product via fast pyrolysis
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
to describe the various separate processes. Unfortunately, it was not
i.e. the production of fermentable
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
a full value chain from biomass to ethanol was required.
which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
The general concept of fast pyrolysis is to
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
diesel (a drop-in biofuel)
but could also mean the direct combustion of pyrolysis oil in a district heating or power plant.
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
combined into new ones, in order to provide
via fast pyrolysis. These examples were not
meant to cover all the possibilities regarding the production of bio-based products from biomass
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
. Unfortunately, it was not
the production of fermentable
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
was required. T
which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
The general concept of fast pyrolysis is to
produce pyrolysis oil close to the location of the biomass. The pyrolysis oil can be transported
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
in biofuel), for example,
ting or power plant.
based products can be made from pyrolysis oil, and choices had to be made.
, in order to provide
These examples were not
based products from biomass
D2.3
parameters were described, not the separate processes of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis,
fermentation and downstream processes. For that reason only less reliable experimental data from
. Unfortunately, it was not
the production of fermentable
In order to be able to use the data in the database for the matching tool, in matching biomass to a
This value
which makes it a complex entry in the database. Moreover,
different companies use different technologies, which could not all be described due to lack of
it was chosen to add one specific example of a value chain,
based on a study that was reported by NREL. It needs to be emphasized that this is just one single
example of a biomass to ethanol value chain, and many other technology choices are possible.
The general concept of fast pyrolysis is to
transported much
an the raw biomass, and will often be further processed at another location.
, for example,
ting or power plant. So a
, in order to provide
These examples were not
based products from biomass
16
2.3 Overview of technology criteria
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
not exhaustive, but
General information
• Name
• Description of main operating principle of technology
• Level of
• Current Technology Readiness level in 2014
• References
Technology parameters
• Type and c
• Conversion efficiencies
• Number of typical full load hours per year
• Typical lifetime of equipment
• Investment
• Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Biomass
• Biomass input common for the technology used
• Traded form
• Dimensions
• Maximum moisture content (% wet basis)
• Minimum bulk de
• Maximum ash content (weight %, dry basis)
• Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
• Maximum allowable content of
• Maximum allowable content of
• Maximum allowable content of
• Minimu
• Minimu
• Minimum biogas yield (m
Overview of technology criteria
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
not exhaustive, but is
General information
Name and subcategories (see
Description of main operating principle of technology
Level of commercial application
Current Technology Readiness level in 2014
References
Technology parameters
Type and capacity of outputs (typical values)
Conversion efficiencies
Number of typical full load hours per year
Typical lifetime of equipment
Investment costs
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Biomass input specifications
Biomass input common for the technology used
Traded form
Dimensions
Maximum moisture content (% wet basis)
Minimum bulk de
Maximum ash content (weight %, dry basis)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
Maximum allowable content of
Maximum allowable content of
Maximum allowable content of
Minimum allowable content of
Minimum allowable content of
Minimum biogas yield (m
Overview of technology criteria
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
is meant to give a
General information
subcategories (see
Description of main operating principle of technology
commercial application
Current Technology Readiness level in 2014
Technology parameters
apacity of outputs (typical values)
Conversion efficiencies
Number of typical full load hours per year
Typical lifetime of equipment
costs
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
input specifications
Biomass input common for the technology used
Traded form of biomass
of biomass
Maximum moisture content (% wet basis)
Minimum bulk density (kg/m3, wet basis)
Maximum ash content (weight %, dry basis)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
Maximum allowable content of
Maximum allowable content of
Maximum allowable content of
m allowable content of
m allowable content of
Minimum biogas yield (m
Overview of technology criteria
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
meant to give a brief overvi
subcategories (seeTable 1
Description of main operating principle of technology
commercial application
Current Technology Readiness level in 2014
apacity of outputs (typical values)
Number of typical full load hours per year
Typical lifetime of equipment
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Biomass input common for the technology used
Maximum moisture content (% wet basis)
nsity (kg/m3, wet basis)
Maximum ash content (weight %, dry basis)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
Maximum allowable content of nitrogen (wt%, dry basis)
Maximum allowable content of chlorine (wt%, dry basis)
Maximum allowable content of lignin
m allowable content of cellulose
m allowable content of hemicellulose
Minimum biogas yield (m3 gas/ton dry biomass)
Overview of technology criteria and characteristics
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
overview of what can be found in the database
1)
Description of main operating principle of technology
Current Technology Readiness level in 2014
apacity of outputs (typical values)
Number of typical full load hours per year
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Biomass input common for the technology used
Maximum moisture content (% wet basis)
nsity (kg/m3, wet basis)
Maximum ash content (weight %, dry basis)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
itrogen (wt%, dry basis)
hlorine (wt%, dry basis)
lignin (g/kg dry matter
cellulose (g/kg dry
hemicellulose (g/kg
gas/ton dry biomass)
and characteristics
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is
of what can be found in the database
Description of main operating principle of technology
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
itrogen (wt%, dry basis)
hlorine (wt%, dry basis)
matter)
dry matter)
g/kg dry matter
and characteristics in the database
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
in deliverable D2.1, annex III. A short overview of the most important ones is given
of what can be found in the database
Labour requirements for typical installation (FTE for typical installation)
Minimal ash melting point (= initial deformation temperature) (°C)
matter)
in the database
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
given below. This list is
of what can be found in the database.
D2.3
in the database
The aspects of the conversion technologies that were to be captured in the database were described
This list is
17
Description of t3.
The database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
at http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
technologies”.
First a list of all the different technologies is
Figure
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a
technology, as shown in
database looks like
Description of t
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl
technologies”.
First a list of all the different technologies is
Figure 5. Print-screen
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a
technology, as shown in
database looks like.
Description of the database
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
http://s2biom.alterra.wur.nl,
First a list of all the different technologies is
screen of a part
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a
technology, as shown in Figure 6
he database
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
First a list of all the different technologies is presented, a
of a part of the overview page of the conversion technologies
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a
6. This figure shows an excerpt of the entry in order to
he database
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
presented, a
of the overview page of the conversion technologies
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a
This figure shows an excerpt of the entry in order to
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
presented, an excerpt of which is shown in
of the overview page of the conversion technologies
One can then click on one of the technologies to move to a page with a
This figure shows an excerpt of the entry in order to
database was integrated in the general user interface as supplied by WP4, and can be accessed
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
of which is shown in
of the overview page of the conversion technologies
page with a detailed
This figure shows an excerpt of the entry in order to
by WP4, and can be accessed
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
of which is shown in Figure
of the overview page of the conversion technologies database.
detailed description of the
This figure shows an excerpt of the entry in order to show
D2.3
by WP4, and can be accessed
under the tab “biomass chain data”, by clicking on “conversion
Figure 5.
database.
description of the
what the
18
The database contains many different field
for the various different types and categories of conversion t
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
to the different types of biomass
conversion efficienc
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
The database contains many different field
for the various different types and categories of conversion t
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
to the different types of biomass
conversion efficiency, investment cost
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
Figure 6. Excerpt of the datasheet of
The database contains many different field
for the various different types and categories of conversion t
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
to the different types of biomass
y, investment cost
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
. Excerpt of the datasheet of
The database contains many different fields
for the various different types and categories of conversion t
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
to the different types of biomass were filled in for all the technologies
y, investment costs and required labour, which are important parameters for a
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
. Excerpt of the datasheet of
for which data can be supplied, in order to standardize it
for the various different types and categories of conversion t
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
were filled in for all the technologies
and required labour, which are important parameters for a
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
. Excerpt of the datasheet of one technology entry
for which data can be supplied, in order to standardize it
for the various different types and categories of conversion technologies. Therefore not all the
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
were filled in for all the technologies
and required labour, which are important parameters for a
stakeholder to be able to compare different technologies.
one technology entry
for which data can be supplied, in order to standardize it
echnologies. Therefore not all the
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
were filled in for all the technologies, as well as for example
and required labour, which are important parameters for a
one technology entry in the database.
for which data can be supplied, in order to standardize it
echnologies. Therefore not all the
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
, as well as for example
and required labour, which are important parameters for a
in the database.
D2.3
for which data can be supplied, in order to standardize it
echnologies. Therefore not all the
attributes were filled in. However, all the important attributes for matching the various technologies
, as well as for example
and required labour, which are important parameters for a
19
This database
but more importantly it serves to supply data to
being developed in WP4, which will have a
This database is open as such to
but more importantly it serves to supply data to
being developed in WP4, which will have a
is open as such to
but more importantly it serves to supply data to
being developed in WP4, which will have a
is open as such to be accessed by the public
but more importantly it serves to supply data to
being developed in WP4, which will have a much
be accessed by the public
but more importantly it serves to supply data to the biomass and technology
much more user
be accessed by the public to obtain data for a certain technology
biomass and technology
more user-friendly and in
to obtain data for a certain technology
biomass and technology matching tool that is
friendly and interactive user interface.
to obtain data for a certain technology
matching tool that is
teractive user interface.
D2.3
to obtain data for a certain technology,
matching tool that is
teractive user interface.