INSTRUMENTAL SEMINAR
By Dr Deepti Patil
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ROTAROD
Dr Deepti Patil
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INTRODUCTION
• The loss of muscle grip is an indication of muscle
relaxation.
• This effect can be easily studied in animals using
inclined plane or rotating rod
• The fall off time from the rotating rod between
control and test drug treated animal is taken as an
index of muscle relaxation
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HISTORY
• The “Rota-Rod” technique has been originated
by a 1957 paper of N.W Dunham and T.S Miya
and has proved to be of great value in research
involving screening of drugs which are
potentially active on motor co-ordination.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
• When a mouse falls off in its cylinder section
onto the plate below, the plate trips and the
corresponding magnetic switch is activated,
thereby recording the animal’s endurance
(staying power) time in seconds.
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Conti…
• The display shows the actual angular speed
(RPM). At the end of a run, the display shows
for each animal the running time and the
instrument rotation speed at the time the
animal fell off.
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MOTOR SKILLS TESTSDrug-induced turning (Rotation Test)Forelimb asymmetry (Cylinder Test)Beam walkingGrip strengthGrid walkingPlacing testRotarodLanding Foot Spread TestSkilled reaching (forelimb motor control)
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MOTOR PROBLEMSDisorders may have both peripheral and central
origins: • Cerebellum • Brain stem• Striatum• Basal ganglia• Motor cortex• Spinal cord• Peripheral nervous system • Musculoskeletal deficits
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ANIMAL TESTS FOR MOTOR ABILITY
Balance (e.g. Rotarod)
Reflex testing
Strength testing
Gross activity levels (GAL)
Fine motor analysis (FMA)
Straight observation
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ROTAROD• Rotarod provides an easy way to test the
motor activity in rodents. Central nervous system damage, Disease effects on motor activity, Drugs administration, and Fatigue
Assessed by measuring the time during which the animal will keep on walking on the rotating bar
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USES
Motor abnormalities:
• Coordination
• Weakness
• Muscle tonicity
• Involuntary movements
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CONTI….
Other domain:
• Sensory function
• Cognitive ability
• Anxiety
• Non-motor seizures
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TYPES
1. Three lane Rotarod
2. Four lane Rotarod
3. Five lane Rotarod
4. Rotarod with increased falling distance
5. Mice Rotarod
6. Rat Rotarod
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PARTS
• Cover Set • Timer knobs for operating the individual lanes • Floor Grids • Droppings collector
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PROCEDURE
• Weigh the animals and number them
• Turn on the Rota rod. Select an appropriate
speed (20-25rpm is ideal).
• Place the animals one by one on the rotating
rod
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Conti…
• Note down the fall off time when the mouse
falls from the rotating rod
• A normal mouse generally falls off within
3-5min
• Compare the fall off time before and after
treatment.
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“Placing the Mice on the Rotor”
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THANK YOU