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IMMIG R A N T CON TR IBU TION STO MIN N E S OTA S E CON OMY
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B O U T T H E P A R T N E R S H I P F O R A N E W A M E R I C A N E C O N O M Y :
The Partnership for a New American Economy brings together more than 500 Republican, Democratic and
Independent mayors and business leaders who support sensible immigration reforms that will help create jobs
for Americans today. Visit www.renewoureconomy.orgto learn more.
A B O U T T H E M I N N E S O T A B U S I N E S S I M M I G R A T I O N C O A L I T I O N :
The Minnesota Business Immigration Coalition is a group of organizations who support comprehensive federal
reform including secure borders. Each member of the MNBIC has recognized that as baby boomers retire and
Minnesota's labor force growth slows, immigrants play an increasingly critical role in Minnesota's workforce
and its overall economic growth. As a result, the MNBIC supports a reform package that modifies immigration
policies without creating more obstacles for workers to connect with employers.
Download a full copy of the MNBIC's 2013 report "The Economic Contributions of Immigrants" here:
http://www.mnbic.org/images/letters/immigrantsinmn_13.pdf.
The Minnesota Business Immigration Coalition includes the Minnesota Chamber of Commerce, Minnesota
Agri-Growth Council, Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association, Hospitality Minnesota, Minnesota Milk
Producers Association, Midwest Food Processors Association, Minnesota Restaurant Association, and Minneso-
ta Lodging Association.
A B O U T A M E R I C A S S O C I E T Y / C O U N C I L O F T H E A M E R I C A S ( A S / C O A ) :
Americas Society/Council of the Americas (AS/COA) unite opinion leaders to exchange ideas and create
solutions to the challenges of the Americas today. Americas Society (AS) fosters an understanding of the
contemporary political, social, and economic issues confronting the Western Hemisphere. Council of the
Americas (COA) is the premier international business organization whose members share a commoncommitment to economic and social development, open markets, the rule of law, and democracy. Recognizing
the link between U.S. immigration and overall hemispheric relations, AS/COA launched its Immigration and
Integration Initiative in 2007 to bring together key constituencies in new gateway cities and produce research on
the economic benefit of immigrants in the United States. Learn more at www.as-coa.org/immigration-and-inte-
gration-initiative.
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IMMIGRANT CONTRIBUTIONS
TO MINNESOTAS ECONOMYMinnesota boasts a long history of welcoming immigrants. From the earliest days of statehood to today,
immigrants from all over the world have come to Minnesota, adding to its prosperity and vitality through their
economic and cultural contributions. Building upon the Minnesota Business Immigration Coalitions landmark
report, The Economic Contribution of Immigrants in Minnesota, this fact sheet provides an updated look at the
growingand crucialrole that Minnesotas immigrant communities play in strengthening the states economy.
The more income an immigrant family makes, the more it is able to contribute to the economy overall. Such
added income is often reflected in a larger Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and tax base in the region where
immigrants live, as well as strengthened national entitlement programs. That means the money families earn,
or their purchasing power, is critical to a states economic wellbeing. In this brief, we define purchasing power as
the net household income available to a family after paying federal, state, and local taxes, or the disposable
income of a given household.
This brief utilizes an updated method to calculate the purchasing power of immigrants that allows for a more
detailed, and in-depth analysis of immigrant wages than was available in previous studies. This method of
analyzing the income of immigrants produces a surprising finding: Although long recognized as an important
part of Minnesotas economic picture, immigrants have far higher amounts of disposable income than has been
reported before. Our work finds that the purchasing power of immigrants in Minnesota totaled more than
$7.7 billion in 2013 alone.1
Immigrants also contribute more in tax contributions to Minnesota than previously realized, and do more
to sustain critical entitlement programs like Social Security and Medicare. In 2013, immigrants in Minnesota
contributed more than $1.2 billion in state and local taxes, helping fund public services all over the state.2
Immigrants also contributed more than $1.5 billion to Social Security and Medicare through their wage and
earnings contributions that year.3The overall role of immigrants in the states economy has also resulted
in meaningful GDP gains in recent years. In 2012, immigrants contributed more than $22.4 billion to the
Minnesotas GDP. That means they accounted for 7.5 percent of the total GDP in the state that year.4
1. Purchasing power is calculated as aggregated household income, including wage, social security, supplementary security, and retirement income, minus the average federal, state,and local tax incidence for a household in Minnesota, or 28.9 percent of gross income.
2. Data on household incomes was derived from the 2013 American Community Survey. The estimated average federal tax incidence of 17.4 percent was taken from a 2001Congressional Budget Office study. The 8 percent% state and 3.5 percent% local tax incidence estimate was taken from a 2013 Minnesota Department of Revenue report.
3. Adopting the methodology used in several other studies, such as the Center for American Progress Improving Lives, Strengthening Finances: The Benefits of Immigration Reform toSocial Security and the Partnership for a New American Economys Staying Covered: How Immigrants Have Prolonged the Solvency of One of Medicares Key Trust Funds andSubsidized Care for U.S. Seniors, flat tax rates of 12.4 percent for Social Security contributions and 2.9 percent for Medicare contributions were used in tandem with estimates foraggregated foreign-born household income from wage earnings and Social Security income to calculate immigrant contributions to each fund.
4.These figures derive from the author's calculations based on 2008-2010 ACS PUMS sample immigrants share of wage income and self-employment income(approx. 7.5%) and BEA (2014) Advance 2013 and Revised 19972012 Statistics of GDP by State, June 11.
H O W I M M I G R A N T E A R N I N G S S U P P O R T
T H E S T A T E S E C O N O M I C G R O W T H
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$ 7 . 7 B I L L I O N I S T HE P U R C HA SI N GP O W E R O F F O R E I G N - B O R N
R E SI D E N T S
S O C I A L
S E C U R I T Y
S T A T E T A X
C O N T R I B U T I O N S
P U R C H A S I N G P O W E R O F S E L E C T P O P U L A T I O N S I N M I N N E S O T A , 2 0 1 3
M E D I C A R E A N D S O C I A L S E C U R I T Y C O N T R I B U T I O N S O F F O R E I G N - B O R N R E S I D E N T S , 2 0 1 3
F O R E I G N - B O R N R E S I D E N T S C O N T R I B U T I O N T O M I N N E S O T A S G R O S S D O M E S T I C P R O D U C T , 2 0 1 2
L O C A L T A X
C O N T R I B U T I O N S
T O T A L P U R C H A S I N G P O W E R O F R E S I D E N T S :
$1 1 0 .8 BILLION
S T A T E A N D L O C A L T A X C O N T R I B U T I O N S O F S E L E C T E D M I N N E S O T A P O P U L A T I O N S , 2 0 1 3
$ 2 9 8 . 2 B I L L I O N
T O T A L S T A T E G D P
T O T A L P O P U L A T I O N F O R E I G N - B O R N
M E D I C A R E
$ 1 6 .9 B I L L I O NTO TAL CO N TRIBU TIO N
BY STATE RESIDEN TS
$ 3 . 9 B I L L I O NTO TAL CO N TRIBU TIO N
BY STATE RESIDEN TS
$ 1 .2 B I L L I O NTO TAL CO N TRIBU TIO N
BY FO REIGN -BO RNRESIDEN TS
$ 5 .4 B I L L I O NAMO U N T PAID BY ALL
STATE RESIDEN TS
$ 2 9 5 M I L L I O NTO TAL CO N TRIBU TIO N
BY FO REIGN -BO RN
RESIDEN TS
$ 3 7 9 M I L L I O NAMO U N T PAID BY
FO REIGN -BO RN
RESIDEN TS
$ 8 6 7 M I L L I O NAMO U N T PAID BY
FO REIGN -BO RN
RESIDEN TS
$ 1 2 .4 B I L L I O NAMO U N T PAID BY ALL
STATE RESIDEN TS
$ 1 . 2 B I L L I O NT O T A L A M O U N T O F ST A T E
& LO C A L T A X E S P A I D
B Y F O R E I G N - B O R N
R E SI D E N T S
7 . 5 %F O R E I G N - B O R N
R E SI D E N T S
C O N T R I B U T I O N
T O G D P
F O R E I G N - B O R N
R E SI D E N T S
A C C O U N T F O R :
7 . 5 % O F M E D I C A R E
C O N T R I B U T I O N S
7 . 1 %O F SO C I A L SE C U R I T Y
C O N T R I B U T I O N S
7 . 4 % O F M I N N E SO T A 'S
P O P U LA T I O N
$ 2 2 . 4 B I L L I O NF O R E I G N - B O R N R E SI D E N T S
C O N T R I B U T I O N T O G D P
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Immigrants accounted for nearly 29 percent of Minnesotas population growth from 2000 to 2013. During that
time, the foreign-born population grew from 260,463 people to 403,514an increase of nearly 55 percent in a
13-year period. For comparison, that growth rate outpaced the trend in nearby Wisconsin, where 21 percent of
population growth was due to immigrants, and the foreign-born population increased by a little over 41 percent
during the same period. Given the large number of baby boomers retiring each year, such immigrantswho are
younger on averageare critical to keeping states like Minnesota young, healthy, and growing.5
403,514260,463 27 4 ,6 87
5,742,713
1 93,7 51
5 ,36 3,6 7 5
2 0 1 32 0 0 0 2 0 1 32 0 0 0
500,900T O T A L N U M B E R O F
N E W M I N N E S O T A
R E S I D E N T S
G R O W T H R A T E O F
F O R E I G N - B O R N
P O P U L A T I O N
R A T E O F C H A N G E
I N T O T A L
P O P U L A T I O N
7.4%
T O T A L P O P U L A T I O N
T H A T W A S
F O R E I G N - B O R N
( 2 0 1 3 )
28.6%P O P U L A T I O N C H A N G E
E X P L A I N E D B Y I M M I G R A T I O N
5,420,3804,919,479
2 8 .6% OF MINNESOTA'S POPULATION GROWTH IS DUE TO IMMIGRANTS,WHILE 2 1 .4 % OF WISCONSIN'S IS.
P O P U L A T I O N T R E N D S I N M I N N E S O T A2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1 3
143,051N E W F O R E I G N - B O R N
M I N N E S O T A R E S I D E N T S
10.18%
54.92%
P O P U L A T I O N T R E N D S I N W I S C O N S I N2 0 0 0 - 2 0 1 3
T O T A L P O P U L A T I O N F O R E I G N - B O R N
I M M I G R A N T S H E L P M I N N E S O T A SP O P U L A T I O N K E E P G R O W I N G
(All data is from 2012-2013)
5. Dowell Myers, Immigrants Contributions in an Aging America, Communities and Banking (2008), http://csii.usc.edu/documents/myers_immigrants_contribution.pdf.
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3 . 0 % 6 , 8 9 7 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
1 5 3 , 5 2 9 T O T A L W O R K E R S
2 . 4 % 5 , 5 3 1 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
8 5 , 6 1 9 T O T A L W O R K E R S
6. All industry figures are derived from the authors analysis of the 2008-2012 American Community Survey IPUMS sample.
7. Deloitte and the Manufacturing Institute, Boiling Point? The Skills Gap in US Manufacturing (2011). Available here: http://www.themanufacturinginstitute.org/~/me-dia/A07730B2A798437D98501E798C2E13AA.ashx.
8. Mike Cronin, MinnPost, Minnesota Responds to Rural Doctor Shortage with Teams, Training, and Telemedicine, (Aug. 11, 2014). Available here: http://www.minn-
post.com/health/2014/08/minnesota-responds-rural-doctor-shortage-teams-training-telemedicine.
Immigrants punch above their weight class in some of Minnesotas largest industries. For instance,
in manufacturing, the states second-largest industry, more than one out of every five workers was foreign-born
in 2012. In education and health services, the largest industry in the state, they made up almost one in every four
workers that year. In other major sectors, including professional services (the fourth largest industry) and arts,
entertainment, and accommodation (the fifth largest), they made up more than one in 10 workers that year.6
In such industries, immigrants often fill critical workforce gaps or bring with them specialized skills or training.
In manufacturing in particular, immigrant workers often help fill critical workforce gaps. One 2011 study,
for instance, found that 67 percent of manufacturing employers nationally reported having moderate to severe
difficulty finding enough qualified, available workers to fill positions.7Many rural parts of the state also have
trouble finding enough qualified doctors or nurses to fill positions.8Skilled immigrants often help fill such jobs,
ensuring that firms like hospitals and parts manufacturers have the workforce they need to keep expanding on
American soil, creating more positions for U.S.-born workers in the process. Such workforce challenges can slow
down company expansion, and result in fewer jobs for all workers on U.S. soil.
T H E R O L E O F I M M I G R A N T S I N T H E L A B O R F O R C E
T O T A L W O R K E R S F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
2 0 . 5 %4 7 , 2 6 9 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
3 7 9 , 4 4 3 T O T A L W O R K E R S
2 . 0 % 4 , 6 4 1 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
8 1 , 9 5 5 T O T A L W O R K E R S
6 . 3 % 1 4 , 5 4 6 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
1 9 9 , 8 1 7 T O T A L W O R K E R S
8 . 1 % 1 8 , 5 8 4 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
3 1 6 , 4 6 8 T O T A L W O R K E R S
1 3 . 1 % 3 0 , 1 6 4 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
2 5 8 , 0 1 1 T O T A L W O R K E R S
1 1 . 0 % 2 5 , 4 1 1 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
2 1 7 , 1 9 9 T O T A L W O R K E R S
W H O L E S A L E T R A D E I N F O R M A T I O N
3 . 2 % 7 4 7 5 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
1 0 6 , 5 1 4 T O T A L W O R K E R S
1 . 3 %3 , 0 5 4 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
5 3 , 5 1 7 T O T A L W O R K E R S
2 3 . 5 %5 4 , 1 3 1 F O R E I G N - B O R N W O R K E R S
6 7 4 , 9 3 2 T O T A L W O R K E R S
R E T A I L T R A D EE D U C AT I O N & H E A L T H S E R V I C E S MA N U F AC T U R IN G
F I N A N C E , I N S U R A N C E & R E A L E S T A T EP R O F E SS I O N AL S E R V I C E S AR T S , EN T E R T AI N M E NT & A C C OM MO D A T IO N
A G R I C U L T U R E , M I N I N G & U T I L I T I E SC O N S T R U C T I O N T R AN S P O R T A T I ON
R O L E O F I M M I G R A N T S I N K E Y I N D U S T R I E S I N M I N N E S O T A , 2 0 1 2
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T R A I N I N G A N D E D U C A T I O NImmigrants in Minnesota were more likely to hold a graduate or professional degree than the native-born
population in 2013. We find that 14.7 percent of immigrants had such qualifications, compared to 10.5 percent of
the states U.S.-born residents. Following the national trend of immigrants clustering at the lower and higher
ends of the skill spectrum, immigrants in Minnesota were also overrepresented in lower-skilled occupations that
year as well. Nearly 15 percent of workers in service and production, transportation, and material-moving
occupations were immigrants in 2013. In many industries, immigrants are filling jobs that Minnesotans either
dont want or are not qualified to hold.
H I G H S C H O O L O R L E S S
B A C H E L O R S D E G R E E
G E D , S O M E C O L L E G E , A S S O C I A T E S D E G R E E
G R A D U A T E E D U C A T I O N
T O T A L A G E D 2 5 A N D A B O V E
S H A R E O F S E L E C T S K I L L P O P U L A T I O N S I N M I N N E S O T A M A D E U P O F F O R E I G N - B O R N R E S I D E N T S
T O T A L P O P U L A T I O N N A T I V E - B O R N F O R E I G N - B O R N
8.4%
7.3 %
11 .4% 5.4%
11 .9 %
E D U C A T I O N B R E A K D O W N O F M I N N E S O T A ' S F O R E I G N - B O R N A N D N A T I V E - B O R N
1 4.7%OF TH E FOR EIG N- BOR N
P O P U L A T I O N H A S AG R ADUATE DEG R EE
1 0.5 % O F T H E N A T I V E - B O R N
POPUL ATION H AS S UCHT R A I N I N G
43.8%OF TH E FOR EIG N- BOR N
POPUL ATION H AS A H IG HS CH OOL DEG R EE OR L ES S
32.3% OF TH E NATIVE- BOR N
P O P U L A T I O N D O E S
3 2 . 3 %
3 5 . 6 %
H I G H S C H O O L
O R L E S S
G E D , S O M E C O L L E G E ,
A S S O I C I A T E S D E G R E E
1 0 . 5 %G R A D U A T E
D E G R E E
4 3 . 8%H I G H S C H O O L
O R L E S S
22.7% G E D , S O M E C O L L E G E ,
A S S O I C I A T E S D E G R E E
1 8. 7 %B A C H E L O R S
D E G R E E
G R A D U A T E
D E G R E E
14.7%
B A C H E L O R S
D E G R E E
21.7%
N A T I V E - B O R NF O R E I G N - B O R N
S H A R E O F S E L E C T L O W - S K I L L E D O C C U P A T I O N S M A D E U P O F F O R E I G N - B O R N R E S I D E N T S
N A T U R A L R E S O U R C E S ,C O N S T R U C T I O N & M A I N T E N A N C EO C C U P A T I O N S
S E R V I C EO C C U P A T I O N S
S A L E S & O F F I C EO C C U P A T I O N S
4 1 8 , 1 1 0
6 0 , 6 0 2 ( 1 4 . 4 9 % )
6 2 7 , 1 6 5
3 7 , 5 9 8 ( 5 . 9 9 % )
2 0 1 , 3 1 2
1 5 , 0 8 9 ( 7 . 5 0 % )
3 2 0 , 0 3 5P R O D U C T I O N , T R A N S P O R T A T I O N& M A T E R I A L M O V I N GO C C U P A T I O N S
5 0 , 7 0 8 ( 1 5 . 8 4 % )
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Minnesota has always had a proud tradition of being home to a large number of the countrys major companies
and employers. In 2014, the state was home to 18 Fortune 500 companies, placing it in the top 10 states with the
most such firms in the country. Almost 40 percent of these firms were founded originally by an immigrant or the
child of an immigrant. Together this list of companies, a group that includes 3M, Medtronic, and Hormel Foods,
employs more than 264,000 people globally. They bring in more than $100 billion in revenues each year.
Thrivent Financial, one of Minnesotas Fortune 500 firms, has in many ways a typical entrepreneurial immigrant
story. Thrivent, a fraternal benefit society, was originally founded in 1902 by German immigrant Alfred Voecks
and three other colleagues. Concerned about the well being of their fellow Lutherans, they banded together to
build a financial services organization that would provide life insurance and protection to Lutheran families,
many of whom had recently immigrated to America. Thrivent today serves a wide range of clients, and brings in
$8.1 billion in revenue each year.9
S H A R E O F F I R M S F O U N D E D B Y A N I M M I G R A N T 11.1%
S H A R E O F F I R M S F O U N D E D B Y A N I M M I G R A N TO R C H I L D O F A N I M M I G R A N T 38.9%
* F I R M S F O U N D E D B YI M M I G R A N T S
O R C H I L D O F A NI M M I G R A N T
$104.34 BN
$25.9 2 BN
68,565* F I R M S F O U N D E D B YI M M I G R A N T S
F U L L T I M E E M P L O Y E E SI N F I R M S F O U N D E DB Y I M M I G R A N T S
264,524F U L L T I M E E M P L O Y E E S I N F I R M SF O U N D E D B Y I M M I G R A N T S O R T H EC H I L D R E N O F I M M I G R A N T S
T H E N E W A M E R I C A N F O R T U N E 5 0 0 I N M I N N E S O T A
T H E M I N N E S O T A N E W A M E R I C A N F O R T U N E 5 0 0
R E V E N U E A N D E M P L O Y E E S O F M I N N E S O T A F O R T U N E 5 0 0 F I R M S F O U N D E D B YI M M I G R A N T S O R T H E I R C H I L D R E N
*Revenue in the last 12 Months
9. Our Heritage, Thrivent Financial [Website]. Accessed Oct. 22, 2014, available here: https://www.thrivent.com/aboutus/ourorganization/history.html.
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As the Partnership for a New American Economy (PNAE) and the Americas Society/Council of the America
(AS/COA) have reported in past research, immigrants in many parts of the country play a valuable role
maintainingand increasinghousing values. This is because immigrants often move to areas formerly in
decline. By occupying vacant housing units and playing roles in their communities as entrepreneurs and
taxpayers, immigrants can often revitalize home values, and attract more native-born residents to the area.
One 2013 study by PNAE and AS/COA, for instance, found that every time 1,000 immigrants arrive in a given
county, an additional 270 native-born individuals move there in response within the next decade.10
Looking at data from 2000-2012, we find that this same dynamic is at work in Minnesota. During that period,
the share of homeowners in Minnesota who were immigrants grew from 3.3 percent to almost 5 percent.
A breakdown of 17 areas within the state shows that in many areas this resulted in a meaningful increase in
housing values between 2008 (the height of the housing crisis) and 2012.
11
On average, adding one immigrantto a Minnesota county during that period raised the value of the average home there by 12.4 cents.12Although
that figure sounds small on its face, when multiplied by the number of immigrants arriving in a given area,
it can result in meaningful increases. In some parts of the state, most notably the Hennepin County area around
Minneapolis, the value of the average home rose by more than $2,000 between 2008 and 2012 due solely to
the arrival of immigrants. In other areas that saw an outflow of immigrants, housing values fell by more than
$1,200 during that period, compounding the impact of the financial crisis.
10. Jacob Vigdor, Partnership for a New American Economy and Americas Society/Council of the Americas, Immigration and the Revival of American Cities (Sept. 12, 2013).Accessed Oct. 22, 2014, available here: http://www.renewoureconomy.org/research/immigrants-boost-u-s-economic-vitality-through-the-housing-market/.
11. Data for these estimates are derived from the 2008 and 2012 American Community Survey Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) available at census.gov. Median house values areexpressed in 2013 dollars.
12. Data for these estimates are derived from the 2008 and 2012 American Community Survey Public Use Micro Sample (PUMS) available at census.gov. Median house values areexpressed in 2013 dollars.
H O W I M M I G R A N T S S U P P O R T T H ES T A T E S H O U S I N G M A R K E T
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M E D I A N H O M EP R I C E S 2 0 1 2
A R E 14 M E D I A N H O M EP R I C E S 2 0 0 8
C H A N G E I N F O R E I G N B O R N S I N C E 2 0 0 8
M E D I A N H O M E P R I C E SW I T H O U T I M M I G R A N T
C O N T R I B U T I O N
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
$126,831
$152,197
$152,197
$177,563
$243,515
$202,930
$202,930
$182,637
$228,296
$142,051
$121,758
$152,197
$192,783
$147,124
$182,637
$126,831
$95,377
$129,844
$162,305
$183,946
$248,868
$308,380
$260,770
$270,509
$243,458
$281,329
$162,305
$108,203
$183,946
$216,407
$162,305
$183,946
$143,911
$91,973
1516
50 4
-2642
-9859
1568
11481
17037
14368
2411
2176
43 1
-754
3272
1028
4115
-296
59 5
$126,643
$152,135
$152,525
$178,785
$243,321
$201,507
$200,818
$180,856
$227,997
$141,781
$121,704
$152,291
$192,378
$146,997
$182,127
$126,868
$95,303
T H E I M P A C T O F I M M I G R A N T SO N H O M E V A L U E S I N1 7 M I N N E S O T A A R E A S 1 3
13.The housing data are derived directly from US Census geographic classifications of PUMAs (Public Use Microdata Areas). In som e cases we have aggregated the PUMAs so they arecomparable across years, due to Census re-classification of PUMAs in 2010. The smaller sample and relatively few observations in smaller geographic regions do not allow us to breakdown
the regions into smaller geographic areas.
14. See appendix A for a breakdown of the geographic areas.expressed in 2 013 dollars.
4
$ 1 2 2 2
5
$ 1 9 413
$ 4 0 5
6
$ 1 4 2 311
$5 3
1
$ 1 8 8
3
$ 3 2 7
2
$6 2
17
$7 4
16
$3 7
14
$ 1 2 7
9
$ 2 9 9
15
$ 5 1 0
12
$9 3
10
$ 2 7 0
7
$ 2 1 1 18
$ 1 7 8 1
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The contributions that immigrants make to Minnesota are as diverse as the states immigrant populations
themselves. Their impact as taxpayers and workers can be felt in a whole range of sectors of our economy
and our statefrom the jobs in the workforce that go filled because of their unique skill sets to the major
Fortune 500 firms that wouldnt exist without their creativity and entrepreneurial vision. This brief makes clear
that immigrants are a critical part of Minnesotas success story. Our ability to succeed depends in part on the
ability of new generations to come here, and like those immigrants before them, continue to achieve the
American dream.
A P P E N D I X A
L I S T O F C O U N T I E S I N G E O G R A P H I C A R E A S
The areas consist of PUMAs (Public Use Microdata Areas) and/or aggregate PUMAs, which comprise one or
more counties, as classified by the US Census.
A R E A 1Clay County
Kittson County
Marshal l County
Norman County
Pennington County
Polk County
Red Lake County
Roseau County
A R E A 2Becker County
Beltrami County
Clearwater County
Hubbard County
Lake Of The Woods
County
Mahnomen County
A R E A 3Aitkin County
Benton County
Big Stone County
Carlton County
Cass County
Chisago County
Cook County
Crow Wing CountyDouglas County
Grant County
Isanti County
Itasca County
Kanabec County
Koochiching County
Lake County
Mil le Lacs County
Morrison County
Otter Tai l County
Pine County
Pope County
Sherburne County
St. Louis County
Stearns County
Stevens County
Swift County
Todd County
Traverse County
Wadena County
Wilkin County
Wright County
A R E A 4Anoka County
A R E A 5Scott County
Carver County
A R E A 6Dakota County
A R E A 7Hennepin County
A R E A 8
Ramsey
A R E A 9Washington County
A R E A 1 0Kandiyohi County
McLeod County
Meeker County
Renvi l le County
Sibley County
A R E A 1 1Brown County
Chippewa County
Lac qui Parle County
Lincoln County
Lyon County
Redwood County
Yel low Medicine County
A R E A 1 2Blue Earth County
Nicol let County
Waseca County
A R E A 1 3Goodhue County
Le Sueur County
Rice County
A R E A 1 4Fi l lmore County
Houston County
Wabasha County
Winona County
A R E A 1 5Olmsted County
A R E A 1 6Dodge County
Freeborn County
Mower County
Steele County
A R E A 1 7Cottonwood County
Faribault County
Jackson County
Martin County
Murray County
Nobles County
Pipestone County
Rock County
Watonwan County
C O N C L U S I O N
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