Layers of the EarthLithosphere – the crust
and uppermost part of the mantle
The lithosphere is broken into plates that can move around on the asthenosphere (part of the upper mantle), which is like play dough and can be pushed.
Theory of Tectonic Plates
• Theory that the lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move constantly on top of the asthenosphere.
• Tectonic plates move because of differences in heat and the pull of gravity. (Convection Currents)
Types of Plate Movement
• Ridge Push - As the new crust is created, it pushes the rest of the plate out of its way
Convergent Plate Boundaries• Plates move
towards each other• Crust is destroyed• Continental/
continental
High mountains
• Continental/oceanic
Subduction occursTrenches formVolcanoes formStrong earthquakes
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
What are they?
where two plates meet
What makes the continents move?
Convection Currents
3 Types of Boundaries
Convergent
Plates push into each other
Mountains volcanoes
Divergent Plate Boundaries
•plates move away from each other
• mid-ocean ridges created through a crack in underwater crust
• new crust is formed
Seafloor Spreading• New oceanic lithosphere is created
as magma rises to the surface and hardens while plates move apart
(Ridge Push)
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
What are they?where two plates meet
What makes the continents move?
Convection Currents
3 Types of Boundaries
Convergent Divergent
Plates push into each
other
Plates move away from each
otherMountains volcanoes
Mid-ocean ridge
Rift valleyVolcanoes
Transform Plate Boundaries
• Plates slide past each other
• Crust neither created nor destroyed
• Earthquakes/Faults• Example:
– San Andreas fault in California
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
What are they?where two plates meet
What makes the continents move?
Convection Currents
3 Types of Boundaries
Convergent Divergent Transform
Plates push into each
other
Plates move away from each other
Plates slide past each
otherMountains volcanoes
Mid-ocean ridge
Rift valleyVolcanoes
EarthquakesFaults
Do Now 8/26/14
1. What happens to the temperature of the Earth’s layers the deeper you go into the Earth?
2. Why does heat cause things to rise?
3/4. What three pieces of evidence do we have for the Continental Drift Theory?
Do Now 10/30/13
1. List two examples of mass wasting.
2. What 5 factors affect the formation of soil?
3. What was the theory proposed by Alfred Wegener?
4. What was the most recent super-continent?
Do Now 11/7/131. Describe plate movement at a divergent
boundary.
2. Describe plate movement at a transform boundary.
3. Describe plate movement at a subduction zone.
4. Why does subduction occur?
Do Now 8/28/141. The theory that all the continents were
once connected is called ____________.
2. Tectonic plates are large pieces of ____________ broken into pieces.
3. What process drives the movement of the tectonic plates?
4. How far do the plates move in one year?
Do Now 10/29/131. Name at least three properties we can
test to identify minerals.
2. Layer of the Earth that is composed of silicon, oxygen, iron and magnesium?
3. Ice wedging, root wedging, and abrasion are examples of what?
4. What is humus?
Do Now 10/31/131. Name the layers of the Earth from the
hottest to the coolest.
2. Rock formed from molten rock is called ______.
3. Which layer of soil is most responsible for the formation of soil?
4. Which layer of the Earth forms the tectonic plates?
Do Now 8/29/141. Name the layers of the Earth from the
hottest to the coolest.
2. What was the name of the most recent supercontinent?
3. What land features are found at a convergent boundary?
4. Why is the inner core the most dense layer of the Earth?
Do Now 11/5/131. The theory that processes on Earth happen
quickly is called _____________.
2. The property of a mineral that describes the color of its powder is called _______.
3. What is the most common agent of weathering?
4. The theory that the ________ is broken into pieces is called __________.