Muscular System Study Guide 1. Labelthediagramtotheright

with:fascile,tendon,musclefiber,endomysium,epimysium,perimysium,

2. Placethefollowingwordsinorderfromlargesttosmallest:

fascicle,myofilament,myofibril,myofiber(musclecell),sarcomere

3. Listthe5functionsofthemuscularsystem

1) ______________________________2) ______________________________3) ______________________________4) ______________________________5) ______________________________

4. Labelthefollowing:sarcomere,,myosin,andactinonthefiguretotheright.

5. Thickfilamentfibersinmyofibrilsare_________whilethinfilamentsare

called________.6. Foreachstepinthediagramdescribethestateofcontractionforthe

sarcomere.a) Sarcomereis___________________________b) Sarcomereisbeginningto__________________________

• ___________________slidestowardthecenter,asitispulledbythe______________________crossbridges

c) Sarcomereis____________________________

7. __________________________istheneurotransmitterthatisreleasedtostimulatethemuscle.

8. Whattwoionsareexchangedwhentheneurotransmitteropensthegatesonthemembraneofthemusclefiber?________&_________

9. Whationisstoredbythesarcoplasmicreticulumandstartsmusclecontraction?___________10. Placethefollowingstepsinorderofhowamusclecontracts

a) neuronreleasesaneurotransmittertostimulatethemuscleb) myosinheadsattachtotheactinfilamentsc) ATPisconvertedtoADPwhenthemyosinheadchangeshapepullingtheactinfilamentd) Myosinheadspulltheactinfilamenttogethere) Sarcoplasmicreticulumreleasecalciumions

11. Describetheslidingfilamenttheoryofmusclecontraction.

Bone

!asc%a 

'xon of ,o-or neuron 

X

12. Matchthefollowingtermsusingthewordbank:a. connectivetissuesthatjoinsmuscletobone ________________________b. anothernameformusclecell ________________________c. typeofproteinfilament(2answers) ____________,______________d. movementofmusclesinacircularmotion ________________________e. movementofmusclestowardsthemidline ________________________f. movementofmusclesawayfromthemidline ________________________g. cellmembraneofthemuscle ________________________h. muscleresponsibleforprimarymovement________________________

13. Identifyifthiswouldbeanaerobic(fermentation),aerobicrespiration,creatinephosphate1.Sprint60metersin5‐10sec _____________________2.Walking45minutes _____________________3.Createsonly2ATP _____________________4.Creates36ATP _____________________5.Lacticacidiscreated _____________________

14. (Aerobic/Anaerobic)exercisewouldcreatethemostamountofenergyformusclecontraction.

15. Thedepletionof____________causesmusclestofatigue.16. Musclesproducedifferentamountsofforcebecauseofdifferentnumbersofmusclefibers

contracting.(TrueorFalse)17. Aninheriteddiseasethatcausesmusclestodegenerateandatrophyiscalled

___________________________________.18. Astraininvolvestheoverextensionofa_______________whileaspraininjuresthe_________________.19. Whatisthebestwaytomaintainourmusclemassandstrengthasoneages?_____________________20. Theendofthemusclethatisattachedtothemovingboneiscalledthe______________________,

whilethemusclethatisattachedtothenon‐movingboneiscalledthe____________________.

21. Identifyifthesemusclepairsareantagonistorsynergistic a.flexordigitorumandextensordigitorum _____________________ b.gastrocnemiusandtibialisanterior _____________________ c.bicepsbrachiiandtricepsbrachii _____________________ d.rectusabdominiusandexternaloblique _____________________

22. Extensormusclescausebonesto(straighten/bend)atthejointwhileflexors(straighten/bend).

23. Muscleworkin_________________________pairs.Ex:bicepsflexesandtricepsextendswhenelbowisflexed.

24. Listthewaysmusclesarenamed.(atleast3)

WORD BANK: muscle fiber adduction sarcolemma tendon prime mover abduction actin Circumduction myosin

Muscular System Study Guide 25. Matcheachdescriptionwiththecorrectmuscle:

____________________1.bendingofthekneewouldflexthe___________________________2.musclegroupthatadductsleg____________________3.bendingofelbowflexesthe___________________________4.bendingtheelbowextendsthe____________________________5.turnsthehead____________________6.raisestheeyebrow____________________7.closesjawandallowsforchewing

____________________8.musclesof6‐packstomach____________________9.musclethatflexesfor“dancerstoes”___________________10adductsarmatshoulderpoint___________________11.closestheeye___________________12.kissingmuscle

27.Labeleachofthefollowingmuscles.Youareresponsibleforknowingtheirlocationonthetest.

Word Bank 1. biceps brachii 2. sternocleidomastoid 3. triceps brachii 4. inner thigh adductor group 5. hamstrings 6. frontalis 7. masseter 8. rectus abdominus 9. gastrocnemius 10. obicularis orsis 11. deltoid 12. obicularis oculi

Muscles of the head & neck Masseter Obicularis orsis Obicularis oculi Frontalis Zygomaticus Sternocleidomastoid

Muscles of the trunk (anterior & posterior) Rectus abdominus External oblique Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Trapezius

Muscles of the arms & legs Gluteus maximus Biceps brachii Triceps brachii Sartorius Quadriceps femoris group Deltoid Adductor group Hamstring group Gastrocnemius