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Problems of Rural IndiaPortrayed through Film Mo
IndiaBy:
Kshitij Avha
Ishan Diwe
Huzefa Kath
Rachayeeta
Shraddha S
Kiran Uikey
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Problems Faced by Rural India:
•
Money Lenders & high handedness by influential people.• Illiteracy.
• Sexual Exploitation & Male Dominance.
• Poverty.
• Agricultural knowledge & Lack of resources.
• Naxalism.
Video
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The Timeline.(To institutionalise the credit channel for ruralsector)
• Before 1951- Almost all the needs
• 1963: Formation of ‘Agricultural Refinance Corporation’
• 1969-1980: Nationalisation of major commercial banks
• 1975: Setting up of Regional Rural Banks
• 1982: formation of National Bank for Agriculture and RuralDevelopment (NABARD) in 1982
• 1990s and 2000s:Micro-credit and MFI- and SHG-Bank linkamodels.
• 2012-2013: Compulsion to open branches in rural areas.
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Moneylenders rule the roost in ruIndia. Why???
•
No priority to the priority sector.• RBI norms stipulate that 40% of bank loans should be made to the
sector. But…
• The existing financial institutions tend to restrict their lending activitierisky field of lending to the agricultural sector.
• No punctual repayment to money lenders.
• No rigid procedures.
• Beliefs, Fear and Insecurity.
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Moneylenders back in Andhra Pradewith jumbo lending rates
MONEYLENDERS: Traditional moneylenders who lend only to people with whom they ha
long-term credit relationship
Amount: Up to Rs 2 lakh
Interest rate: 36-120% per annum
WEEKLY MONEYLENDERS: These lenders come from outside the village and do busine
there
Amount: Rs 2,000-10,000
Interest rate: 160-225% per annum
MIDDLEMEN: Traders of farm products who provide agriculture inputs to farmers and buharvest
Amount: Rs 5,000-30,000 (sometimes credit is in kind, like seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, e
Interest rate: 48-75% per annum
PAWN BROKERS: Local jewellers who lend money against gold securities
Amount: Varies with value of gold pledged
Interest rate: 30-36 % per annum
Source: MicroSave (Microfinance service provider)
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Ernakulam, The Commercial CapitalKerela
• Money-lending 'guests' cash in on urban and rural poverty.
• ‘Chovvazchakaran’ (Tuesday man)
• ‘Budhanazchakaran’ (Wednesday man)
• ‘Velliyazchakaran’ (Friday man)
• ‘Saniyazchakaran’ (Saturday man)
• The card system.
• Deprived sections.
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Illiteracy
•
People were not able to read and write at that time.• They were totally dependent on the money lender regarding
contract papers.
• Rumors about education that it weakens a person.
• Girls were not sent to school and were trained to do househ
Video
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•
The condition of education has improved but stillpeople from rural background are illiterate.
• Still women are not sent to school as there is maledominance
• We need to create some awareness among the rupeople to empower them with the tool/weapon open.
Reality Check
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Harassment and
Exploitation of Women
Video
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Reality Check
500 women die everyday due to malnutrition andpregnancy related problems
7.1% hike in crime against women since 2010
Rapes increased by 902% from 1971 to 2012
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Agricultural Knowledge Lack of Resources
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Mother IndiaNo Access to Technological Advancement leading to m
Hard Labor
Traditional ways of agriculture resulting into low yield
No proper Irrigation Channel’s and water storage.
Rain dependent Agricultural practices.
Video
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Actual Picture
•
More Than 21% of GDP depends on Agriculture & accounts labor force in India.
• Proper Water Canal’s and Advanced Irrigation System
• Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs)
• Global Conference on Agricultural Research & Development
• Virtual Krishi Vignan Kendra – VKVK
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KISAN CALL CENTER
• Kisan Call Center (KCC) is a pioneering
initiative started in Madhya Pradesh bythe Indian Society of AgribusinessProfessionals (ISAP).
• 1.8 lakh calls were received during thefirst 18 months of the operation from
around 1 lakh farmers all across thestate. So far , more than 3 lakh farmershave benefitted from this Kisan CallCenter
Video
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POVERTY
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Poverty
• According to UN
- Denial of choice , opportunity and violation of human digni- Lack of basic capacity for food, cloth, shelter, school and he
• Poverty causes
- Insecurity.
- powerlessness.
- susceptibility to violence.
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21.9 %
India
25.7 %Rural
Population
• According to Tendulkar Commitee the National
Poverty line
- Rural areas is at 816 per capita per month.
- Urban areas is 1000 per capita per month
• According to World bank below 1.25 $ PPP is
considered poor
- So 60 % of Rural Population spends less than 70
Rs/day
• Main Reasons for poverty are
Illiteracy, unemployment, blind faith and
superstitions.
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•
Reduce poverty by - Job opportunities
- Infrastructure (PDS)
- Improving Schemes.
Video
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Suicides
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Suicides
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Suicide
• Over dependence on monsoon.
• Lack of proper Irrigation.
• Usage of Pesticides.
• Debt Trap.
• Uncertainty of agricultural institutions.
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NaxalismVideo
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Naxalism
• Poverty.
• Social Inequality.
• Injustice.
• Forced acquisition of land.
• Anguish against the System.
• Career options.
• Salwa Judum.
Video Video
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Conclusion
• Though we depend on the rural INDIA for our daily needs ofignore them when it comes to development. The solution is& Inclusive Development”.
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Thank You..