Monday, Sept. 28th
1
Bell-ringer: Please get out your notebooks, and go to page 23.
Agenda:•Bell-ringer•Objective•Review “Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic” notes•“Cell Structure: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer”
Objective: •Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells (S.7.LS.1)
Write the following:
Safety Rules8/24/15 6-7
Ninth entry…
Date: 9/23/15Description: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic CellsPage #: 23
Observing, Analyzing, Inferring, and Hypothesizing
98/27/15
“What is Science?” and Scientific discoveries
9/1/15 10-11
Scientific inquiry/method9/8/15 13
9/11/15 Scientific fact/theory 15
All Living things Do This…9/14/15 17
Characteristics of Living Things 189/15/15
How Living Things are Organized9/21/15 19
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells 239/23/15
Title page 23, Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells
•These are single celled organisms. •They have no nucleus, but have DNA. •Their DNA is scattered throughout the cell. •They are very small even under a microscope.
•These are the largest cells. •All living things that are not bacteria or archaea are made of eukaryotic cells. •They have a nucleus with DNA inside.
Examples: Bacteria and Archaea Examples: Animals, plants, and fungi
Write the following:
Safety Rules8/24/15 6-7
Tenth entry…
Date: 9/28/15Description: Cell Structures: Cell Organelle Graphic OrganizerPage #: 25
Observing, Analyzing, Inferring, and Hypothesizing
98/27/15
“What is Science?” and Scientific discoveries
9/1/15 10-11
Scientific inquiry/method9/8/15 13
9/11/15 Scientific fact/theory 15
All Living things Do This…9/14/15 17
Characteristics of Living Things 189/15/15
How Living Things are Organized9/21/15 19
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells 239/23/15
Cell Structures: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer
259/28/15
Title page 25, Cell Structures: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer
Directions:1. Fold your “Cell Structures: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer” like a
hamburger. It should flip open like a book with the title on the front and “Glue Here” on the back.
2. Apply glue to the “Glue Here” box. The best way to get the sheet to stick is to trace over the “Glue Here” box and then make an “X” through the center of the box.
3. To place in your notebook –line up the folded edge of your sheet with the red margin line on the left to ensure it is straight. To make sure the page doesn’t stick out the bottom of your notebook, line up the top of the sheet with the top blue line- press firmly to glue in place.
4. Now, you have your sheet on the right side of your notebook, you still have plenty of room for student output on the left!
*First entry on the sheet*
Cell Theory tells us…
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
3. Cells come from pre-existing cells through cell division.
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
What is a Cell?A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions – i.e. has all of the
characteristics of living things. Notice how the shape of the cell determines what its function is…
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Egg or Ovum
Osteocyte or Bone Cell
Connective Tissue Cell
Smooth Muscle Cell
Neuron
White Blood Cell
Red Blood Cell
Sperm Cell
Intestinal CellEpithelial Cell from Cheek
Examples of Cells
Amoeba ProteusElodea Leaf Cell
Red Blood CellNerve Cell
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells
• Simple, unicellular organisms • Do not have membrane-bound
organelles• Bacteria ONLY!• Includes Kingdoms Eubacteria
and Archaebacteria• We like to say “PRO?” “NO!”…
meaning NO nucleus, NO organelles
BACTERIA CELL
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Characteristics of Eukaryotic Cells
• Complex organisms - most living things
• Can be unicellular or multicellular• Contain organelles surrounded by
membranes• For this, We like to say “EU
(YOU)?” “TRUE!”… meaning TRUE nucleus, TRUE organelles
PLANT CELL
ANIMAL CELL© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Tuesday, Sept. 29th
11
Bell-ringer: Discuss with your neighbor, “What are the 3 parts of the cell theory?”
Agenda:•Bell-ringer•Objective•“Cell Structure: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer”
Objective: •Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells (S.7.LS.1)
Cell MembraneAll Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells
Structure: • Located on outside of cell. • Made of phospholipid
bilayer: phosphates and lipids (fats)
Function: • Determines what goes
in/out of cell• Protects and supports cell
NO ENTRY!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Cell MembraneWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Materials could go in
and out unfiltered• Cell would lack
structure
CELL MEMBRANE: The PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER is semi-permeable, meaning it allows some materials to pass through freely, while other materials cannot.
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
CytoplasmAll Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells
Structure: Jelly-like material found inside cell membrane
Function: Supports and protects cell’s organelles. Contains some nutrients for cell
mmm…jelly doughnut!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
CytoplasmWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Organelles would have
no protection• Nutrients could not
diffuse through cell
Nucleus/Nucleolus/DNA ONLY in Eukaryotic cells (Prokaryotes
have Free-floating DNA not bound by a nucleus)
Structure: • Has a nuclear membrane to allow
materials in and out• Contains genetic material – DNA
(chromosomes) which contain instructions for traits
• Contains dark central ball called the nucleolus (makes ribosomes)
Function: Directs cell activities
and… ACTION!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Nucleus/Nucleolus/DNA What if this organelle were
missing from the cell?• Cell could not function• No direction for organelles
Wednesday, Sept. 30th
16
Bell-ringer: Discuss with your neighbor, the functions of the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.
Agenda:•Bell-ringer•Objective•“Cell Structure: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer”
Objective: •Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells (S.7.LS.1)
RibosomeAll Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells
Structure: • Not bound by a membrane• Each cell contains thousands
(little BLACK dots in the pictures to the right)
• Found on endoplasmic reticulum & freely floating throughout cell
Function: Makes protein
ORDER UP!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
RibosomeWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Cells would not have
building blocks to create organelles, etc.
Mitochondria All Eukaryotic Cells
Structure: Rod shaped and found throughout cell
Function: • “Powerhouse” of cell• Produces energy from
sugar through chemical reactions (Cellular Respiration)
I’ve got the
POWER!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
MitochondriaWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Cells would not be able
to create energy to perform functions
ChloroplastEukaryotic Plant cells
ONLYStructure: • Found in plant cells• Contains green chlorophyllFunction: Photosynthesis uses sunlight to make sugar for plant I’m Sweet!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
ChloroplastWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Plants would not be
able to make food
Golgi Bodies(aka Golgi Apparatus or Golgi
Complex) All Eukaryotic Cells
Structure: Made of 5-8 sacs
Function: • Processes and packages
proteins & lipids• Move materials within
the cell and out of the cell in small sac called “vesicle”
Pack it up, Move it out!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Golgi BodiesWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Cell would not be able
to package or transport materials efficiently
Endoplasmic Reticulum
All Eukaryotic cellsStructure: • Series of tubes and sacs
– Smooth: without ribosomes– Rough: with ribosomes
Function: Transports proteins and breaks down drugs in the cell
All Aboard!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Endoplasmic Reticulum
What if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Some ribosomes
would not have a home
• Proteins would not have a system of transport
Lysosome All Eukaryotic Cells
Structure: Vesicle built by the Golgi bodies
Function: • Digests excess or worn
out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria.
• “Disposal” of the cellBreak it DOWN!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
LysosomeWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Cells would not be able
to break down materials
VacuoleAll Eukaryotic cells
Structure: • LARGE in plant cells, small in
animal cells. • Contains water & nutrients
Function: • Help plants maintain shape• Storage, digestion, & waste
removal
Let’s go for a dip!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
VacuoleWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Cell would not have a
storage area for water, food, etc.
• Plant cells would lose shape
Cell Wall All Prokaryotic Cells & Eukaryotic PLANT Cells
ONLY
Structure: Found only in plant cells & bacteria cells
Function: Supports & protects cells
Need some
support?
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Cell WallWhat if this organelle were missing from the
cell?• Plant and bacteria cells
would lack support and protection
Thursday, Oct. 1st
25
Bell-ringer: Study your organelles and their function. (5 minutes)
Agenda:•Bell-ringer•Quiz•Objective•Complete “Cell Structure: Cell Organelle Graphic Organizer” questions
Objective: •Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells (S.7.LS.1)
Friday, Oct. 2nd
26
Bell-ringer: Review questions/answers with neighbor from sheet.
Agenda:•Bell-ringer•Science current events•Objective•“Comparing Cell Organelles” sheetObjective:
•Research everyday applications and interactions of science and technology. (SC.O.7.3.05)•Evaluate and critically analyze mass media reports of scientific developments and events. (SC.O.7.3.06)•Explore the connections between science, technology, society and career opportunities. (SC.O.7.3.07)•Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells, either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells (S.7.LS.1)
Let’s Compare…Genetic Material - DNA
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
In both Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes:Cell Wall – Bacteria and Plants
Only in Eukaryotes:Mitochondria
Vacuole
Endoplasmic ReticulumLysosome
Chloroplast
Golgi Bodies
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
How many can you remember?Endoplasmic Reticulum
LysosomeDNA Nucleolus
Nuclear Membrane
Golgi Bodies
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Cell MembraneCytoplasm
Vacuole
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Location, Location, Location…Why are the organelle locations important?
Think about their jobs and let’s discuss… • Where is the nucleus? What does it do? • Where is the nucleolus? What is it’s job?• Where are the ribosomes? Why are they important?• What about the Endoplasmic Reticulum? What does it transport?
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Location, Location, Location…The nucleus is the control center of the cell. It is located in the center because of the need to send messages via
proteins and other chemicals at the same rate to all other organelles within the cell. If it were located at the edge of the cell, organelles at the opposite edge would not receive messages as quickly as those located near the
nucleus itself.
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Location, Location, Location…The nucleolus inside the nucleus makes ribosomes. Those ribosomes
are then sent out of the nucleus through the pores in the nuclear membrane where they may be free floating throughout the cell or
attach themselves to the E.R. Because the ribosomes make proteins, it makes sense that they are attached to the E.R. which transports
proteins to other parts of the cell. And because the nucleolus makes ribosomes, it makes sense that the E.R. is located around the nucleus, to receive the ribosomes as they exit through the nuclear membrane.
Location is IMPORTANT!
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
Title page 24, Comparing Cell Organelles
Directions:1. Fold your “Comparing Cell Organelles” sheet like a hamburger. It
should flip open like a book with the title on the front and “Glue Here” on the back.
2. Apply glue to the “Glue Here” box. The best way to get the sheet to stick is to trace over the “Glue Here” box and then make an “X” through the center of the box.
3. To place in your notebook –line up the folded edge of your sheet with the red margin line on the left to ensure it is straight. To make sure the page doesn’t stick out the bottom of your notebook, line up the top of the sheet with the top blue line- press firmly to glue in place.
Cell Comparison: Bacteria, Plant & Animal Cells
You wouldn’t know it by looking at them, but Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have a lot in common! Bacteria, plants
and animals share a lot of the same organelles. This activity will help you to
see the similarities and differences between the basic cell structures. Be
sure to follow the directions for coloring in order to make those connections between the cells.
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
What You Do:First, take a moment to identify the organelles present in each cell. For each organelle that is present, color the box in the column the designated color for that organelle. Remember, some cells share the same organelles, so you may have a check for each cell type below depending on the organelle.
Present in the cell?Organelle Color Bacteria Plant Animal
1. Cell membrane Purple
2. Cytoplasm White
3. DNA (Eukaryotic: includes Nucleus. Nucleolus, nuclear membrane; Prokaryotic: circular DNA)
Orange
4. Ribosome Black (already colored)
5. Mitochondria Red
6. Vacuole Light Blue
7. Golgi Body Yellow
8. Endoplasmic Reticulum Dark Blue
9. Lysosome Pink
10. Chloroplast Dark Green
11. Cell Wall Light Green
© Getting Nerdy, LLC
X
X
X
XX(No Nucleus )
X
X X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XXX
XXX
X
Create Your Cells:Now, using the information above, color the cells on your page following the color key in the table above. Be careful and pay attention to the number identification provided for you for each cell. Remember, if you color one item a certain color, everything else that looks like that item should also be that color as well.
Check Your Work…
(Has a Nucleus )
X(Has a Nucleus )
X