MICE :MICE :the Muon Ionization Cooling the Muon Ionization Cooling
ExperimentExperiment
M. Yoshida (Osaka Univ.)for the MICE Collaboration
2004/7/31 @ Osaka
- Overview and Status -
ContentsContents
Motivation & goalsMotivation & goals MICE introductionMICE introduction Cooling channel R&DCooling channel R&D Particle detector R&DParticle detector R&D Schedule & SummarySchedule & Summary
MICE collaborationMICE collaboration
EuropeLouvain la Neuve, Saclay, Bari, LNF Frascati, Genova, Legnaro, Milano, Napoli, Padova, Roma III, Trieste, NIKHEF, Novosibirsk, CERN, Genève, ETH Zurich, PSI, Brunel, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Imperial College, Liverpool, Oxford, RAL, Sheffield
JapanKEK, Osaka University
United States of AmericaANL, BNL, FNAL, IIT, Chicago Enrico Fermi Inst., LBNL, UCLA, NIU, Mississippi, Riverside
International collaboration of 37 institute
Neutrino Factory conceptNeutrino Factory concept
Muon Cooling Section:To reduce +/- phase space to capture as many muons as possible in an accelerator
NF concept in Europe
Muon ionization coolingMuon ionization coolingPrinciple
reduce pt and pl
increase pl
heating
Practice
Advantage:• fast in principle (muon life ~ 2s)• available for both of + and -
So far, ionization cooling has not been demonstrated. MICE
check ability to construct cooling channel investigate the limit and practicality of the cooling
MICE historyMICE history Instigation NuFact’01Instigation NuFact’01 Letter of Intent submitted to RAL in 2002Letter of Intent submitted to RAL in 2002 Proposal submitted to RAL on Jan. 10, Proposal submitted to RAL on Jan. 10,
20032003 Approval “strongly recommended” by the Approval “strongly recommended” by the
International Review Panel on May 20, International Review Panel on May 20, 20032003
Scientific approval from CCLRC chief executive oScientific approval from CCLRC chief executive on Oct. 24, 2003n Oct. 24, 2003
11stst UK Project Review (Gateway) UK Project Review (Gateway) Funding Negotiations – in progress in US, Funding Negotiations – in progress in US,
EUEU & JP& JP 22ndnd UK Project Review end 2004! UK Project Review end 2004!
MICE goals (1)MICE goals (1) Build a section of cooling channel long enough to Build a section of cooling channel long enough to
provide measurable cooling (provide measurable cooling (10% reduction of 10% reduction of transverse emittancetransverse emittance) ) Liquid hydrogen absorber for large dE/dxLiquid hydrogen absorber for large dE/dx High gradient RF cavity for fast coolingHigh gradient RF cavity for fast cooling
~10%
Curves for 23 MV, 3 full absorbersnominal input emittance
MICE goals (2)MICE goals (2) Achieve 1% accuracy in the measurement Achieve 1% accuracy in the measurement
of 10% emittance reductionof 10% emittance reduction Measure absolute emittance with 0.1% precision Measure absolute emittance with 0.1% precision
by tracking single particle before and after by tracking single particle before and after cooling channelcooling channel
Particle ID to reject background pions and Particle ID to reject background pions and electronselectrons
Need careful integration of particle Need careful integration of particle detectors to the cooling channeldetectors to the cooling channel Low material to avoid scattering in the detectorsLow material to avoid scattering in the detectors Robust operation in the magnetic field and Robust operation in the magnetic field and
background from RFbackground from RF
MICE apparatus: Beam & MICE apparatus: Beam & HALLHALL – layout and progress this year
MICE Muon Beam Line:MICE Muon Beam Line: Shielding to be re-installedShielding to be re-installed Prepare beam line for installation in next long Prepare beam line for installation in next long
ISIS shutdown – early (?) 2006ISIS shutdown – early (?) 2006
MICE setupMICE setup
MICE cooling channelMICE cooling channel Absorber with large XAbsorber with large X00 to avoid heating to avoid heating SC solenoid focusing for small SC solenoid focusing for small tt
High gradient reaccelerationHigh gradient reacceleration 10% reduction of muon emittance for 200 MeV muons requires 10% reduction of muon emittance for 200 MeV muons requires
~~20MV RF20MV RF
integrate these elements in the most compact and integrate these elements in the most compact and economic wayeconomic way
• 3 Liquid Hydrogen absorbers
• 8 cavities 201MHz RFs, 8MV/m
• 5T SC solenoids
Absorber R&D (MUCOOL)Absorber R&D (MUCOOL) Convection-type absorber cooled by Convection-type absorber cooled by
liquid He flow was tested in MTA/FNALliquid He flow was tested in MTA/FNAL
KEK absorber II KEK test cryostat sitting in MTA/FNAL
See S.Ishimoto’s talk
Cooling channel R&DCooling channel R&DLH2 window(IIT, NIU, ICAR)
The challenge:Thin windows + safety regulations
MUCOOL 201 MHz RF module(Berkeley, Los Alamos, JLAB, CERN, RAL)
First cavity has been assembled
Be window to minimize thickness
Beam diagnostic: Beam diagnostic: componentscomponents
Particle identificationParticle identification Upstream: Upstream: – – separation separation
Time-of-flight measurementTime-of-flight measurement CherenkovCherenkov
Downstream: Downstream: – – ee separation separation CherenkovCherenkov Electromagnetic calorimeterElectromagnetic calorimeter
Spectrometers:Spectrometers: Position, momentum, emittance Position, momentum, emittance
measurementmeasurement
Diagnostic: setupDiagnostic: setup
Proton
Absorber
Diffuser2
Beam PId scintillators
ISIS proton beam
TOF1TOF0
TOF2
Cherenkov ICherenkov 2
MUCAL
spectrometer
Upstream PIDUpstream PID CherenkovCherenkov
Tasks: Tasks: // separation separation TOF hodoscopesTOF hodoscopes
Resolution: 70ps resolutionResolution: 70ps resolution
Tasks:Tasks:
TOF0 – TOF1: TOF0 – TOF1: //
separationseparation
TOFs: measurement of TOFs: measurement of
muon phase w.r.t. RFmuon phase w.r.t. RF
Trigger and trigger timeTrigger and trigger time
// separation at better separation at better than 1% at 300 MeV/c than 1% at 300 MeV/c
Downstream PIDDownstream PID CherenkovCherenkov
Aerogel Cherenkov Aerogel Cherenkov (n=1.02, blind to (n=1.02, blind to s)s)
Challenge: Operation in Challenge: Operation in fringe field of detector fringe field of detector solenoidsolenoid
E.M. CalorimeterE.M. Calorimeter 0.3mm lead + 1mm 0.3mm lead + 1mm
scintillating fiberscintillating fiber TOF hodoscopeTOF hodoscope electron rejection at 10electron rejection at 10--
33 to avoid bias on to avoid bias on emittance reduction emittance reduction measurementmeasurement
Aerogel
SpectrometerSpectrometerRequirementRequirement Absolute errors in emittance measurement should be <0.1%Absolute errors in emittance measurement should be <0.1% Robustness against harsh environmentRobustness against harsh environment
X-ray BG from RF cavitiesX-ray BG from RF cavities Intense magnetic fieldsIntense magnetic fields
Solenoid:• 4T magnetic field• 40cm bore
MICE trackerMICE trackerAlternative option: TPC with GEM readout (TPG)
• Light gas (0.15% X0)• Many points per track
High precision tracking possible
• Need to avoid RF noise on GEM
Baseline option: Scintillating fiber tracker
• 5 planes x 3-fold doublet of 350m fiber (0.35% X0)• VLPC readout; high QE• No active electronics/HV close to the spectrometer
Safe for LH Robust in RF BG
SciFi tracker prototype at SciFi tracker prototype at D0/FNAL test standD0/FNAL test stand
The prototype with 3 stations was constructed at the D0 test stand in Oct. 2003 in collaboration with JP, UK, and US
Prototype sitting at D0 test standPrototype sitting at D0 test stand
4m long waveguide4m long waveguide
VLPC cryostatVLPC cryostat
Tracker prototype Tracker prototype performanceperformanceA typical cosmic ray event
Point resolution ~440 m
Light yield ~10p.e. at most probable
>99%
Planning test beam at KEKPlanning test beam at KEK::• Additional station Additional station production production – – finalise fabricatfinalise fabricationion techniques techniques• Tracking in SC solenoid -Tracking in SC solenoid - verify verify pattern recognition and pattern recognition and momentum measurementmomentum measurement in magn in magnetic fieldetic field
TPG R&DTPG R&D Test of TPG head using HARP TPC field Test of TPG head using HARP TPC field
cagecage Operation with cosmic-rays & with test beam is Operation with cosmic-rays & with test beam is
on-goingon-going
- STEP I
STEP II
STEP III
STEP IV
STEP V
STEP VI
MICE installation phasesMICE installation phases
2006
2007
2008
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SummarySummary
Detailed & Careful Design of cooling channel Detailed & Careful Design of cooling channel has been donehas been done
Progress on absorber R&D & RF cavityProgress on absorber R&D & RF cavity Tracker R&DTracker R&D
Baseline option : SciFiBaseline option : SciFi Prototype tests with cosmics was donePrototype tests with cosmics was done Preparing KEK beam test in 2005 with solenoid Preparing KEK beam test in 2005 with solenoid
fieldfield Detailed design of PID system has been doneDetailed design of PID system has been done Start preparatory work at RALStart preparatory work at RAL