MICE :MICE :the Muon Ionization Cooling the Muon Ionization Cooling

ExperimentExperiment

M. Yoshida (Osaka Univ.)for the MICE Collaboration

2004/7/31 @ Osaka

- Overview and Status -

ContentsContents

Motivation & goalsMotivation & goals MICE introductionMICE introduction Cooling channel R&DCooling channel R&D Particle detector R&DParticle detector R&D Schedule & SummarySchedule & Summary

MICE collaborationMICE collaboration

EuropeLouvain la Neuve, Saclay, Bari, LNF Frascati, Genova, Legnaro, Milano, Napoli, Padova, Roma III, Trieste, NIKHEF, Novosibirsk, CERN, Genève, ETH Zurich, PSI, Brunel, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Imperial College, Liverpool, Oxford, RAL, Sheffield

JapanKEK, Osaka University

United States of AmericaANL, BNL, FNAL, IIT, Chicago Enrico Fermi Inst., LBNL, UCLA, NIU, Mississippi, Riverside

International collaboration of 37 institute

Neutrino Factory conceptNeutrino Factory concept

Muon Cooling Section:To reduce +/- phase space to capture as many muons as possible in an accelerator

NF concept in Europe

Muon ionization coolingMuon ionization coolingPrinciple

reduce pt and pl

increase pl

heating

Practice

Advantage:• fast in principle (muon life ~ 2s)• available for both of + and -

So far, ionization cooling has not been demonstrated. MICE

check ability to construct cooling channel investigate the limit and practicality of the cooling

MICE historyMICE history Instigation NuFact’01Instigation NuFact’01 Letter of Intent submitted to RAL in 2002Letter of Intent submitted to RAL in 2002 Proposal submitted to RAL on Jan. 10, Proposal submitted to RAL on Jan. 10,

20032003 Approval “strongly recommended” by the Approval “strongly recommended” by the

International Review Panel on May 20, International Review Panel on May 20, 20032003

Scientific approval from CCLRC chief executive oScientific approval from CCLRC chief executive on Oct. 24, 2003n Oct. 24, 2003

11stst UK Project Review (Gateway) UK Project Review (Gateway) Funding Negotiations – in progress in US, Funding Negotiations – in progress in US,

EUEU & JP& JP 22ndnd UK Project Review end 2004! UK Project Review end 2004!

MICE goals (1)MICE goals (1) Build a section of cooling channel long enough to Build a section of cooling channel long enough to

provide measurable cooling (provide measurable cooling (10% reduction of 10% reduction of transverse emittancetransverse emittance) ) Liquid hydrogen absorber for large dE/dxLiquid hydrogen absorber for large dE/dx High gradient RF cavity for fast coolingHigh gradient RF cavity for fast cooling

~10%

Curves for 23 MV, 3 full absorbersnominal input emittance

MICE goals (2)MICE goals (2) Achieve 1% accuracy in the measurement Achieve 1% accuracy in the measurement

of 10% emittance reductionof 10% emittance reduction Measure absolute emittance with 0.1% precision Measure absolute emittance with 0.1% precision

by tracking single particle before and after by tracking single particle before and after cooling channelcooling channel

Particle ID to reject background pions and Particle ID to reject background pions and electronselectrons

Need careful integration of particle Need careful integration of particle detectors to the cooling channeldetectors to the cooling channel Low material to avoid scattering in the detectorsLow material to avoid scattering in the detectors Robust operation in the magnetic field and Robust operation in the magnetic field and

background from RFbackground from RF

MICE apparatus: Beam & MICE apparatus: Beam & HALLHALL – layout and progress this year

MICE Muon Beam Line:MICE Muon Beam Line: Shielding to be re-installedShielding to be re-installed Prepare beam line for installation in next long Prepare beam line for installation in next long

ISIS shutdown – early (?) 2006ISIS shutdown – early (?) 2006

MICE setupMICE setup

MICE cooling channelMICE cooling channel Absorber with large XAbsorber with large X00 to avoid heating to avoid heating SC solenoid focusing for small SC solenoid focusing for small tt

High gradient reaccelerationHigh gradient reacceleration 10% reduction of muon emittance for 200 MeV muons requires 10% reduction of muon emittance for 200 MeV muons requires

~~20MV RF20MV RF

integrate these elements in the most compact and integrate these elements in the most compact and economic wayeconomic way

• 3 Liquid Hydrogen absorbers

• 8 cavities 201MHz RFs, 8MV/m

• 5T SC solenoids

Absorber R&D (MUCOOL)Absorber R&D (MUCOOL) Convection-type absorber cooled by Convection-type absorber cooled by

liquid He flow was tested in MTA/FNALliquid He flow was tested in MTA/FNAL

KEK absorber II KEK test cryostat sitting in MTA/FNAL

See S.Ishimoto’s talk

Cooling channel R&DCooling channel R&DLH2 window(IIT, NIU, ICAR)

The challenge:Thin windows + safety regulations

MUCOOL 201 MHz RF module(Berkeley, Los Alamos, JLAB, CERN, RAL)

First cavity has been assembled

Be window to minimize thickness

Beam diagnostic: Beam diagnostic: componentscomponents

Particle identificationParticle identification Upstream: Upstream: – – separation separation

Time-of-flight measurementTime-of-flight measurement CherenkovCherenkov

Downstream: Downstream: – – ee separation separation CherenkovCherenkov Electromagnetic calorimeterElectromagnetic calorimeter

Spectrometers:Spectrometers: Position, momentum, emittance Position, momentum, emittance

measurementmeasurement

Diagnostic: setupDiagnostic: setup

Proton

Absorber

Diffuser2

Beam PId scintillators

ISIS proton beam

TOF1TOF0

TOF2

Cherenkov ICherenkov 2

MUCAL

spectrometer

Upstream PIDUpstream PID CherenkovCherenkov

Tasks: Tasks: // separation separation TOF hodoscopesTOF hodoscopes

Resolution: 70ps resolutionResolution: 70ps resolution

Tasks:Tasks:

TOF0 – TOF1: TOF0 – TOF1: //

separationseparation

TOFs: measurement of TOFs: measurement of

muon phase w.r.t. RFmuon phase w.r.t. RF

Trigger and trigger timeTrigger and trigger time

// separation at better separation at better than 1% at 300 MeV/c than 1% at 300 MeV/c

Downstream PIDDownstream PID CherenkovCherenkov

Aerogel Cherenkov Aerogel Cherenkov (n=1.02, blind to (n=1.02, blind to s)s)

Challenge: Operation in Challenge: Operation in fringe field of detector fringe field of detector solenoidsolenoid

E.M. CalorimeterE.M. Calorimeter 0.3mm lead + 1mm 0.3mm lead + 1mm

scintillating fiberscintillating fiber TOF hodoscopeTOF hodoscope electron rejection at 10electron rejection at 10--

33 to avoid bias on to avoid bias on emittance reduction emittance reduction measurementmeasurement

Aerogel

SpectrometerSpectrometerRequirementRequirement Absolute errors in emittance measurement should be <0.1%Absolute errors in emittance measurement should be <0.1% Robustness against harsh environmentRobustness against harsh environment

X-ray BG from RF cavitiesX-ray BG from RF cavities Intense magnetic fieldsIntense magnetic fields

Solenoid:• 4T magnetic field• 40cm bore

MICE trackerMICE trackerAlternative option: TPC with GEM readout (TPG)

• Light gas (0.15% X0)• Many points per track

High precision tracking possible

• Need to avoid RF noise on GEM

Baseline option: Scintillating fiber tracker

• 5 planes x 3-fold doublet of 350m fiber (0.35% X0)• VLPC readout; high QE• No active electronics/HV close to the spectrometer

Safe for LH Robust in RF BG

SciFi tracker prototype at SciFi tracker prototype at D0/FNAL test standD0/FNAL test stand

The prototype with 3 stations was constructed at the D0 test stand in Oct. 2003 in collaboration with JP, UK, and US

Prototype sitting at D0 test standPrototype sitting at D0 test stand

4m long waveguide4m long waveguide

VLPC cryostatVLPC cryostat

Tracker prototype Tracker prototype performanceperformanceA typical cosmic ray event

Point resolution ~440 m

Light yield ~10p.e. at most probable

>99%

Planning test beam at KEKPlanning test beam at KEK::• Additional station Additional station production production – – finalise fabricatfinalise fabricationion techniques techniques• Tracking in SC solenoid -Tracking in SC solenoid - verify verify pattern recognition and pattern recognition and momentum measurementmomentum measurement in magn in magnetic fieldetic field

TPG R&DTPG R&D Test of TPG head using HARP TPC field Test of TPG head using HARP TPC field

cagecage Operation with cosmic-rays & with test beam is Operation with cosmic-rays & with test beam is

on-goingon-going

- STEP I

STEP II

STEP III

STEP IV

STEP V

STEP VI

MICE installation phasesMICE installation phases

2006

2007

2008

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SummarySummary

Detailed & Careful Design of cooling channel Detailed & Careful Design of cooling channel has been donehas been done

Progress on absorber R&D & RF cavityProgress on absorber R&D & RF cavity Tracker R&DTracker R&D

Baseline option : SciFiBaseline option : SciFi Prototype tests with cosmics was donePrototype tests with cosmics was done Preparing KEK beam test in 2005 with solenoid Preparing KEK beam test in 2005 with solenoid

fieldfield Detailed design of PID system has been doneDetailed design of PID system has been done Start preparatory work at RALStart preparatory work at RAL