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SAVE TIME.
LOVELY TO WORK WITH
Classification of SPINDLES
Vertical spindle
Horizontal spindle
Single spindle
Multiple Spindles
Bar type
Chuck Type
Screw type
Swiss type
Vertical Spindle
Horizontal spindle
Single spindle Multiple Spindle
Bar Type SpindleChuck Type Spindle
Screw type spindle Swiss Type spindle - A modified automated turret lathe distinguished by a sliding headstock and fixed bushing. Swiss-type machines are capable of creating very small parts with excellent tolerances.
Computer numerical controlled (CNC) lathes are rapidly replacing the older production lathes (multispindle, etc.) due to their
1. ease of setting,
2. operation,
3. repeatability and
4. accuracy.
They are designed to use modern carbide tooling and fully use modern processes.
Basic working
The part may be designed and the tool paths programmed by the CAD/CAM process or manually by the programmer, and the resulting file uploaded to the machine, and once set and trialled the machine will continue to turn out parts under the occasional supervision of an operator.
The machine is controlled electronically via a computer menu style interface, the program may be modified and displayed at the machine, along with a simulated view of the process
The design of a CNC lathe varies with different manufacturers, but they all have some common elements.
The turret holds the tool holders and indexes them as needed, the spindle holds the workpiece and there are slides that let the turret move in multiple axis simultaneously.
The machines are often totally enclosed,
Numerical control (NC) is the automation of machine tools that are operated by precisely programmed commands encoded on a storage medium, as opposed to controlled manually via hand wheels or levers, or mechanically automated via cams alone. Most NC today is computer numerical control(CNC), in which computers play an integral part of the control.
In modern CNC systems, end-to-end component design is highly automated using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) programs. The programs produce a computer file that is interpreted to extract the commands needed to operate a particular machine via a post processor, and then loaded into the CNC machines for production. Since any particular component might require the use of a number of different tools – drills, saws, etc., modern machines often combine multiple tools into a single "cell“
Once we are ready with the geometrical design we then move on to generate the tool path.
Steps to be followed:
Define cutter path by selecting geometry Contours
Pockets
Hole patterns
Surfaces
Volume to be removed
(At this point the system knows what you want to cut)
Define cut parameters Tool information
Type, Rpm, Feed
Cut method
Example - Pocket mill zig-zag, spiral, inside-out
Rough and finish parameters
(At this point the system knows how you want to cut the part)
Execute cutter simulation Visual representation of cutter motion
Modify / delete cutter sequences
Problem 1
Part Boundary Program
%
N010 G90
N020 G70
N030 G00 X1.000
N040 G01 Y3.625
N050 X7.000
N060 Y0.000
N080 X0.000
The Hole Locations Program
N090 X2.000 Y0.875
N100 X4.000
N110 X6.000
N120 Y2.750
N130 X4.000
N140 X2.000
N150 X0.000 Y 0.000
N160 M30
%
Drilling Holes
N010 G90
N020 G70
N030 G81 X2.000 Y0.875 R0.100 Z-1.000 F5 M03
N040 X4.000
N050 X6.000
N060 Y2.750
N070 X4.000
N080 X2.000
N090 G80
N100 X0.000 Y0.000 M06
N110 M30
M00
Problem 2
Angular Program
N010 G91
N020 G70
N030 G00 X1.500 Y0.250 R0.100 Z-0.225 F10 M03
N040 G01 X2.000 Y1.155 M06
N050 G00 X-3.500 Y-1.405 M30
Problem 3
Arc Program
N010 G91
N020 G70
N030 G00 X2.500 Y0.500 R0.100 M03
N040 Z-.350 F2.0
N050 G02 X-1.000 Y1.000 I0.000 J1.000 F10.0
N060 G00 R0.100
N070 X1.000 Y1.125
N080 G01 Z-.350 F2.0
N090 G02 X1.125 Y-1.125 I0.0 J-1.125 F10
N100 G00 R.100
N110 X-3.625 Y-1.500 M06
N120 M30
Problem 3
Circle Program
N010 G91
N020 G70
N030 G00 X1.000 R0.100 M03
N040 G01 Z-0.350 F2.0
N050 G02 X2.000 Y2.000 I2.000 F10.0
N060 X2.000 Y-2.000 J-2.000
N070 X-2.000 Y-2.000 I-2.000
N080 X-2.000 Y2.000 J2.000
N090 G00 R0.100
N100 X-1.000 M06
N110 M30