Mandatory InserviceINFECTION CONTROL
At the completion of this module the participant will be able to: Define Standard Precautions Discuss The Chain of Infection
List steps to follow after a body fluid exposure Define Tuberculosis Define VRE and MRSA
Standard precautions As defined by the CDC in 1996, Standard
Precautions are environmental practices: Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of
bloodborne pathogens and moist body substances.
Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources.
Standard Precautions Apply to:
Blood All Body Fluids and secretions except sweat. Non-intact skin Mucous membranes
Goal of Infection Control The goal of infection control is to prevent the
transmission of disease by utilizing procedures that break the Chain of Infection
Chain of Infection The Chain of Infection includes:
The presence of an infectious organism (Pathogen) capable of causing disease.
The Chain of Infection A Portal of Exit which allows the organism to
leave the reservoir.
The Chain of infection A Reservoir which can be animate or inanimate,
that serves as a breeding ground for the organism.
Chain of Infection
A Mode of Transmission which is the way an organism travels to another person.
Chain of InfectionThere are 4 Modes of transmission:
Direct or indirect contact
Vehicle
Airborne
Vector
Chain of infection A Portal of Entry which allows the organism
into another person or animal.
Chain of Infection A Susceptible Host who lacks effective
resistance to the organism.
How to break the Chain of Infection
How to break the chain of infection
Wear Personal Protective Equipment
Personal Protective Equipment Examples:
Gloves
Masks
Gowns
How to break the chain of infection Place all soiled linen in laundry bags.
Place soiled articles in plastic bags for appropriate disposal.
How to break the chain of infection Place used needles or other sharps in a
puncture resistant container.
How to break the chain of infection Never recap a needle. Never purposely bend or break a needle. Never remove a used needle from a syringe.
How to break the chain of infection Keep your self up to date on immunizations. Take care of your health
How to break the chain of infection The single best way to break the chain of
infection is to:
Wash…
Wash…
What you should do after an exposure:
1. Wash the area immediately with soap and water
2. Notify your supervisor3. Cover the area
Tuberculosis A serious bacterial disease
Latent TB: No symptoms Active TB:
Cough for 3 weeks or more
FeverWeakness
Loss of appetite Night sweats Coughing up blood
Tuberculosis Controlling the spread of TB requires early
detection and treatment
Antibiotic resistant infections VRE
MRSA
VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci
Found in stool Direct or indirect contact Must be isolated Must wash with Hibiclens
MRSA Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus
Direct contact Skin, nose, blood and urine Must be isolated Affects those with poor resistance
Confidentiality Do not discuss patient information Guard patient files/computer from view Ensure privacy during care
HIV Confidentiality Recorded in the medical record Free of Disclosure and Discrimination Includes HIV Tests, Infection and /or Aids related
illness Failure to maintain confidentiality can result in legal
action which includes fines and potential time in prison.
Specific protocols are found in the Policy Manual
Policy and procedure Policy and Procedure manuals are available in
every department:
Management of Post-Exposure Incidents
Post Exposure Protocol
General Safety/Exposure Control Plan
Approved Cleaning and Disinfecting agents