Mandatory InserviceINFECTION CONTROL

At the completion of this module the participant will be able to: Define Standard Precautions Discuss The Chain of Infection

List steps to follow after a body fluid exposure Define Tuberculosis Define VRE and MRSA

Standard precautions As defined by the CDC in 1996, Standard

Precautions are environmental practices: Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of

bloodborne pathogens and moist body substances.

Designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms from both recognized and unrecognized sources.

Standard Precautions Apply to:

Blood All Body Fluids and secretions except sweat. Non-intact skin Mucous membranes

Goal of Infection Control The goal of infection control is to prevent the

transmission of disease by utilizing procedures that break the Chain of Infection

Chain of Infection The Chain of Infection includes:

The presence of an infectious organism (Pathogen) capable of causing disease.

The Chain of Infection A Portal of Exit which allows the organism to

leave the reservoir.

The Chain of infection A Reservoir which can be animate or inanimate,

that serves as a breeding ground for the organism.

Chain of Infection

A Mode of Transmission which is the way an organism travels to another person.

Chain of InfectionThere are 4 Modes of transmission:

Direct or indirect contact

Vehicle

Airborne

Vector

Chain of infection A Portal of Entry which allows the organism

into another person or animal.

Chain of Infection A Susceptible Host who lacks effective

resistance to the organism.

How to break the Chain of Infection

How to break the chain of infection

Wear Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment Examples:

Gloves

Masks

Gowns

How to break the chain of infection Place all soiled linen in laundry bags.

Place soiled articles in plastic bags for appropriate disposal.

How to break the chain of infection Place used needles or other sharps in a

puncture resistant container.

How to break the chain of infection Never recap a needle. Never purposely bend or break a needle. Never remove a used needle from a syringe.

How to break the chain of infection Keep your self up to date on immunizations. Take care of your health

How to break the chain of infection The single best way to break the chain of

infection is to:

Wash…

Wash…

What you should do after an exposure:

1. Wash the area immediately with soap and water

2. Notify your supervisor3. Cover the area

Tuberculosis A serious bacterial disease

Latent TB: No symptoms Active TB:

Cough for 3 weeks or more

FeverWeakness

Loss of appetite Night sweats Coughing up blood

Tuberculosis Controlling the spread of TB requires early

detection and treatment

Antibiotic resistant infections VRE

MRSA

VRE Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci

Found in stool Direct or indirect contact Must be isolated Must wash with Hibiclens

MRSA Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus

Direct contact Skin, nose, blood and urine Must be isolated Affects those with poor resistance

Confidentiality Do not discuss patient information Guard patient files/computer from view Ensure privacy during care

HIV Confidentiality Recorded in the medical record Free of Disclosure and Discrimination Includes HIV Tests, Infection and /or Aids related

illness Failure to maintain confidentiality can result in legal

action which includes fines and potential time in prison.

Specific protocols are found in the Policy Manual

Policy and procedure Policy and Procedure manuals are available in

every department:

Management of Post-Exposure Incidents

Post Exposure Protocol

General Safety/Exposure Control Plan

Approved Cleaning and Disinfecting agents