CURRENT PROBLEMS AND EXAMPLES FOR SOLUTIONS
IN FOREST PROTECTION IN SAXONY
Ustron-Jaszowiec, 23 October 2014
Lutz-Florian Otto, Franz Matschulla
2
CURRENT PROBLEMS AND EXAMPLES FOR SOLUTIONS IN FOREST
PROTECTION IN SAXONY
❙ Cooperation between different authorities which are competent for
forest protection and the used methods on the example of the
Panolis flammea gradation 2011/12
❙ A possibility for reducing the number of inventory pine stands for
autumn/winter soil/litter searches for pine defoliaters
❙ The interaction of the various monitoring methods and first results
for observation areas during the current gradation of the nun
moth, Lymantria monacha
3
Organisation competent authorities in forest protection
| 28.11.2011| Matschulla 4
Landkreise 286 60%
Bautzen 122
Leipzig 3
Görlitz 117
Meißen 22
Nordsachsen 22
Forstbezirke 124 26%
Oberlausitz und AfG 37
Dresden 18
Leipzig 5
Neustadt 3
Taura 61
BF HS 67 14%
Lausitzer Heide 15
Muskauer Heide 45
Westsachsen 7
Gesamt 477
Anzahl der
Winterboden-
suchbestände
Organisation competent authorities in forest protection
Who performs the autumnal searches ?
Forest district
Upper forest autho.
Federal forest off.
Administrative district
5
Scheme of a search plot the same as in Brandenburg used
6
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12
Distribution of the hot spots 2011/2012
Sachsen-Anhalt
Brandenburg
Polen
For 8 search plots (ca. 1.200 ha) were the degree of endangering > 1
| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 7
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12
8
Laboratory investigations:
Female portion: 25- (52) -75 %
Therefor healthy: 50 bis 100 %
parasitized about 17 %;
dead by other reasons about 19 %)
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12
9
Potential pest control area: 2.700 ha, thereof 2.600 ha private and 100 ha state
about 10-15 owners > 100 ha und ca. 400-500 little owners
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil and futher investigation
april 2012
| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 10
Population dynamic based on pupae density
Maximale Belagsdichte
in PP/m²
mittlere Belagsdichte
in PP/m²
High degree of parasitism,
low density of eggs no
pest control in 2002
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 1996 - 2012
Pest control in 2001, 1035 ha
| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 11
Maßnahme Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez
Winterbodensuche nach Puppen
Falterfang mit Pheromonfallen
Eisuche
Kontrolle Schlupf Eilarven
Larvenfraßkontrolle, Kotfall
Bekämpfung
Kotfalltuch
aviotechn. Bekämpfung
Ph
ero
mo
nfa
lle
nfä
ng
e
Eisuche/- zählung
Raupenzählung
Winterbodensuche
(Puppensuche)
Panolis flammea 2011/12 next monitoring steps
12
Panolis flammea 2011/12 next monitoring steps, use of pheromon traps
| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 13
Panolis flammea 2011/12 catches in pheromon traps
Time running of the catches information for egg searches
14
Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts
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Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts
16
Investigation of
branches (about 40
cm)
- count number of eggs
- estimate the length of
full needles on a branch
There is a correlation
between the average
of needle length, the
length of full needles
and the needle mass on
a branch
1
5 4
3
2
40 cm 13 cm
16 cm 16 cm
9 cm 3 cm
7 cm
4 cm
8 cm
13 cm
40 cm
11 cm
11 cm
10 cm
1
5 4
3
2
Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts, an other way to
calculate the degree of endangering
| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 17
Panolis flammea 2011/12 calculate the degree of endangering based on needle
length and number of eggs on 1m branch with needles
average needle length [mm] on branch
Nu
mb
er
of
eg
gs o
n 1
m b
ran
ch
wit
h f
ull
nee
dle
s
Critical number of eggs for an idealized branch with 1 m needles under one assumption one larvae eat 8 g needle, no egg
parasitism and no seek error
Such number of eggs
caused total needle loss
Such number of eggs
caused needle loss < 100%
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Results until 30.04.2012:
administrative district Bautzen: from 94 search plots in
private forests were founded in 9 plots > 1 egg/m branch,
maximum 1,68 eggs/m;
administrative district Görlitz: from 45 search plots in
private forests were founded in 2 plots > 1 egg/m branch,
maximum 1,67 eggs/m and
Forest district Oberlausitz: from 8 search plots in
state forests were founded in 2 plots > 1 egg/m branch,
maximum 1,66 eggs/m
In all infested areas no pest control was required
Panolis flammea 2011/12 results of egg searches an risk assessment with the
calculated degree of endangering
19
Maximum density
pupae/m² Average density
pupae/m²
Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 1996 - 2013
Population dynamic based on pupae density
20
Objectives:
Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for
pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory
pine stands
❙ Reduction of the efforts by reduction the number of search plots
❙ Representative distribution of the search plots in the threat
areas
❙ Coordinate the distribution by the competent authorities in
stands from different owners
| 25.04.2013| Matschulla 21
Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for
pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory
pine stands
Federal inventory grid
Thread area
Target density of search plots
22
Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for
pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory
pine stands
Federal inventory grid
Thread area
Target density of search plots
Target density of search plots
depending from pine stand in the cell
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Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for
pine defoliaters Comparision of existing plot density to target density
in evers grid cell
proportion of transgressions
the critical density levels
Different owners
Pine stands
Target density of search plots
depending from pine stand in the cell
| 24
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
10.000
11.000
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90
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Befallsfläche [ha]
davon stark geschädigt (> 50 % Nadelverlust)
davon behandelt mit Dimilin
davon behandelt mit Nomolt
davon behandelt mit Karate
davon merklich geschädigt (30-50 % Nadelverlust)
2 10 5 0 0 40 (200) 450
Situation Lymantria monacha Infested and with insecticides treated area [ha]
25
Je Standort werden in Sachsen aktuell regulär 2 Variotrapfallen in 50 m Abstand
aufgehängt:
Maximalwerte mit dem Standarddispenser 2012: LM-GÖ-2012-S
Standardüberwachungsstandort im Bundesforst (BF- Betrieb Lausitz; Revier
Brand) –Abt. 324a³: 849 Falter in der Maximalfalle (Falle 2: 446 Falter) ;
Zählstammgruppe: 3 Weibchen im gesamten Zeitraum
In einem direkt angrenzenden ungepflegten Bestandesteil – Abt. 324b² in
separater Fallengruppe 887 Falter in der Maximalfalle (Falle 2: 505 Falter);
Zählstammgruppe: 8 Weibchen im gesamten Zeitraum
Situation Lymantria monacha Results of the monitoring with pheromone traps
in 2012
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Situation Lymantria monacha Results of the monitoring with pheromone traps
in 2013
27
Situation Lymantria monacha current threat regions, terrestrical information
High density of females on stems in sommer 2014
Damages (needle loss) in sommer 2014
Damages (needle loss) in sommer 2013
Insecticide application in spring 2014
borderlines
| 27.11.2012| Otto 28
Vitality of the pine stand
april 2012
| 27.11.2012| Otto 29
Vitality of the pine stand
august 2013
| 27.11.2012| Otto 30
Vitality of the pine stand
august 2013
treated area with insecticide
position of observation areas
| 27.11.2012| Otto 31
Vitality of the pine stand
july 2014
position of observation areas
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observation area consisting of 9 plots (10x10m)
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1
5
10
6
4
2
3
9 8
7
5150
44 45
4948
52
53
47
46
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58
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56
61
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60
67
66
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64
65
40
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37
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4143
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13
12
14
1615
11
18
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23
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22
2017
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25
30
31 32
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2728
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73
72
70
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68
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75
74
0
10
20
30
0 10 20 30
1
Eier am Stamm/50
Lage [Blasengröße -Durchmesser]
observation area example
| 27.11.2012| Otto 34
treated
untreated
untreated
Change in needle mass [%] from
spring to summer 2014 in untreated
and treated observation areas
observed pines were divided in four
social (diameter) groups
35
Change in needle loss [%] from spring to summer 2014 in
untreated and treated infestation areas depending on the degree
of endangering for single trees
degree of endangering <1 <1 >1 >1
no change in needle loss
treated untreated
36
Thank you very
much for your
attention