CURRENT PROBLEMS AND EXAMPLES FOR SOLUTIONS

IN FOREST PROTECTION IN SAXONY

Ustron-Jaszowiec, 23 October 2014

Lutz-Florian Otto, Franz Matschulla

2

CURRENT PROBLEMS AND EXAMPLES FOR SOLUTIONS IN FOREST

PROTECTION IN SAXONY

❙ Cooperation between different authorities which are competent for

forest protection and the used methods on the example of the

Panolis flammea gradation 2011/12

❙ A possibility for reducing the number of inventory pine stands for

autumn/winter soil/litter searches for pine defoliaters

❙ The interaction of the various monitoring methods and first results

for observation areas during the current gradation of the nun

moth, Lymantria monacha

3

Organisation competent authorities in forest protection

| 28.11.2011| Matschulla 4

Landkreise 286 60%

Bautzen 122

Leipzig 3

Görlitz 117

Meißen 22

Nordsachsen 22

Forstbezirke 124 26%

Oberlausitz und AfG 37

Dresden 18

Leipzig 5

Neustadt 3

Taura 61

BF HS 67 14%

Lausitzer Heide 15

Muskauer Heide 45

Westsachsen 7

Gesamt 477

Anzahl der

Winterboden-

suchbestände

Organisation competent authorities in forest protection

Who performs the autumnal searches ?

Forest district

Upper forest autho.

Federal forest off.

Administrative district

5

Scheme of a search plot the same as in Brandenburg used

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Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12

Distribution of the hot spots 2011/2012

Sachsen-Anhalt

Brandenburg

Polen

For 8 search plots (ca. 1.200 ha) were the degree of endangering > 1

| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 7

Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12

8

Laboratory investigations:

Female portion: 25- (52) -75 %

Therefor healthy: 50 bis 100 %

parasitized about 17 %;

dead by other reasons about 19 %)

Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 2011/12

9

Potential pest control area: 2.700 ha, thereof 2.600 ha private and 100 ha state

about 10-15 owners > 100 ha und ca. 400-500 little owners

Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil and futher investigation

april 2012

| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 10

Population dynamic based on pupae density

Maximale Belagsdichte

in PP/m²

mittlere Belagsdichte

in PP/m²

High degree of parasitism,

low density of eggs no

pest control in 2002

Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 1996 - 2012

Pest control in 2001, 1035 ha

| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 11

Maßnahme Jan Feb Mrz Apr Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dez

Winterbodensuche nach Puppen

Falterfang mit Pheromonfallen

Eisuche

Kontrolle Schlupf Eilarven

Larvenfraßkontrolle, Kotfall

Bekämpfung

Kotfalltuch

aviotechn. Bekämpfung

Ph

ero

mo

nfa

lle

nfä

ng

e

Eisuche/- zählung

Raupenzählung

Winterbodensuche

(Puppensuche)

Panolis flammea 2011/12 next monitoring steps

12

Panolis flammea 2011/12 next monitoring steps, use of pheromon traps

| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 13

Panolis flammea 2011/12 catches in pheromon traps

Time running of the catches information for egg searches

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Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts

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Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts

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Investigation of

branches (about 40

cm)

- count number of eggs

- estimate the length of

full needles on a branch

There is a correlation

between the average

of needle length, the

length of full needles

and the needle mass on

a branch

1

5 4

3

2

40 cm 13 cm

16 cm 16 cm

9 cm 3 cm

7 cm

4 cm

8 cm

13 cm

40 cm

11 cm

11 cm

10 cm

1

5 4

3

2

Panolis flammea 2011/12 egg searches without tree cuts, an other way to

calculate the degree of endangering

| Braunschweig, 12./13.06.2012 | Otto, L.-F.. 17

Panolis flammea 2011/12 calculate the degree of endangering based on needle

length and number of eggs on 1m branch with needles

average needle length [mm] on branch

Nu

mb

er

of

eg

gs o

n 1

m b

ran

ch

wit

h f

ull

nee

dle

s

Critical number of eggs for an idealized branch with 1 m needles under one assumption one larvae eat 8 g needle, no egg

parasitism and no seek error

Such number of eggs

caused total needle loss

Such number of eggs

caused needle loss < 100%

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Results until 30.04.2012:

administrative district Bautzen: from 94 search plots in

private forests were founded in 9 plots > 1 egg/m branch,

maximum 1,68 eggs/m;

administrative district Görlitz: from 45 search plots in

private forests were founded in 2 plots > 1 egg/m branch,

maximum 1,67 eggs/m and

Forest district Oberlausitz: from 8 search plots in

state forests were founded in 2 plots > 1 egg/m branch,

maximum 1,66 eggs/m

In all infested areas no pest control was required

Panolis flammea 2011/12 results of egg searches an risk assessment with the

calculated degree of endangering

19

Maximum density

pupae/m² Average density

pupae/m²

Panolis flammea 2011/12 Results of the wintersoil investigation 1996 - 2013

Population dynamic based on pupae density

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Objectives:

Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for

pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory

pine stands

❙ Reduction of the efforts by reduction the number of search plots

❙ Representative distribution of the search plots in the threat

areas

❙ Coordinate the distribution by the competent authorities in

stands from different owners

| 25.04.2013| Matschulla 21

Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for

pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory

pine stands

Federal inventory grid

Thread area

Target density of search plots

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Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for

pine defoliaters A possibility for reducing the number of inventory

pine stands

Federal inventory grid

Thread area

Target density of search plots

Target density of search plots

depending from pine stand in the cell

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Autumn/winter soil/litter searches for

pine defoliaters Comparision of existing plot density to target density

in evers grid cell

proportion of transgressions

the critical density levels

Different owners

Pine stands

Target density of search plots

depending from pine stand in the cell

| 24

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

9.000

10.000

11.000

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90

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91

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92

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93

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95

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96

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97

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98

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99

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00

20

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20

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Befallsfläche [ha]

davon stark geschädigt (> 50 % Nadelverlust)

davon behandelt mit Dimilin

davon behandelt mit Nomolt

davon behandelt mit Karate

davon merklich geschädigt (30-50 % Nadelverlust)

2 10 5 0 0 40 (200) 450

Situation Lymantria monacha Infested and with insecticides treated area [ha]

25

Je Standort werden in Sachsen aktuell regulär 2 Variotrapfallen in 50 m Abstand

aufgehängt:

Maximalwerte mit dem Standarddispenser 2012: LM-GÖ-2012-S

Standardüberwachungsstandort im Bundesforst (BF- Betrieb Lausitz; Revier

Brand) –Abt. 324a³: 849 Falter in der Maximalfalle (Falle 2: 446 Falter) ;

Zählstammgruppe: 3 Weibchen im gesamten Zeitraum

In einem direkt angrenzenden ungepflegten Bestandesteil – Abt. 324b² in

separater Fallengruppe 887 Falter in der Maximalfalle (Falle 2: 505 Falter);

Zählstammgruppe: 8 Weibchen im gesamten Zeitraum

Situation Lymantria monacha Results of the monitoring with pheromone traps

in 2012

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Situation Lymantria monacha Results of the monitoring with pheromone traps

in 2013

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Situation Lymantria monacha current threat regions, terrestrical information

High density of females on stems in sommer 2014

Damages (needle loss) in sommer 2014

Damages (needle loss) in sommer 2013

Insecticide application in spring 2014

borderlines

| 27.11.2012| Otto 28

Vitality of the pine stand

april 2012

| 27.11.2012| Otto 29

Vitality of the pine stand

august 2013

| 27.11.2012| Otto 30

Vitality of the pine stand

august 2013

treated area with insecticide

position of observation areas

| 27.11.2012| Otto 31

Vitality of the pine stand

july 2014

position of observation areas

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observation area consisting of 9 plots (10x10m)

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1

5

10

6

4

2

3

9 8

7

5150

44 45

4948

52

53

47

46

54

58

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56

61

62

60

67

66

63

64

65

40

39

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37

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4143

42

13

12

14

1615

11

18

19

23

24

22

2017

21

25

30

31 32

29

26

2728

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73

72

70

69

68

76

71

75

74

0

10

20

30

0 10 20 30

1

Eier am Stamm/50

Lage [Blasengröße -Durchmesser]

observation area example

| 27.11.2012| Otto 34

treated

untreated

untreated

Change in needle mass [%] from

spring to summer 2014 in untreated

and treated observation areas

observed pines were divided in four

social (diameter) groups

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Change in needle loss [%] from spring to summer 2014 in

untreated and treated infestation areas depending on the degree

of endangering for single trees

degree of endangering <1 <1 >1 >1

no change in needle loss

treated untreated

36

Thank you very

much for your

attention