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Open Standards for Sustainable DevelopmentOpen Standards for Sustainable Development
Denise McKenzie
Executive Director, Communications & Outreach
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)
Locate15
Brisbane, Australia
12 March 2015
Copyright © 2015 Open Geospatial ConsortiumCopyright © 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium
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Who am I?Who am I?
Executive Director
Communications & Outreach
Open Geospatial Consortium
Australian Citizen
UK Resident
Global traveler
@spatialred
OGC®
WhitepaperWhitepaper
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Anthropocene
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The technosphere: human impacts, good & badThe technosphere: human impacts, good & bad
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We have entered the
Anthropocene Epoch!
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Sustainability? It depends on us.Sustainability? It depends on us.
To understand, adapt to and mitigate human-caused changes in the biosphere that supports us, we need Information technology (IT), and lots of data!
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Exponential growth in data, but…Exponential growth in data, but…
However, data has little value if it can’t be easily discovered, assessed, accessed, aggregated, combined, passed from system to system, etc.
We get lots of data from an explosion of sensors, satellites, citizens, models, etc.
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Open standards create a World Wide Web of Environmental dataOpen standards create a World Wide Web of Environmental data
Discover, assess, access, aggregate, combine, pass from system to system, etc.
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Data is worth more as a shared resource:Data is worth more as a shared resource:
Open Data + Open Standards
enable:
•Reusability
•Virtual experiments
•Data-driven intelligence
•Big Data spatial analytics
•Harnessing the power of the crowdAdapted from Reinventing Discovery – The New Era of Networked Science by Michael Nielson
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Standards are needed to…Standards are needed to…
for
science,
education,
business,
policy and
management.
environmental
observations &
measurements…
communicate,
publish,
discover,
assess,
access,
aggregate,
and process…
to develop:
information,
knowledge,
and good decisions
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Unobstructed flow of environmental data
Data stovepipes
Consensus standards are essential!Consensus standards are essential!
Sciences
Professions
Industry
Government
Consensus within and
among:
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OGC’s Role in Environmental StandardsOGC’s Role in Environmental Standards
• Environmental features and phenomena exist in space & time.
• OGC helps communities and other SDOs develop standards for communicating about things in space & time.
• Not “maps”, but space & time in IT space!
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Environment = natural + built environmentsEnvironment = natural + built environments
For natural environment: Geography Markup Language (GML) = encoding standard for all types of geospatial data (including geosciences)
For built environment: CityGML (a GML application schema) = encoding standard for 3D urban models.
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GML, CityGML and SWE – Foundational standardsGML, CityGML and SWE – Foundational standards
GML and CityGML
and
Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) standards (SensorML, Observations & Measurements, Sensor Planning Service etc.) (and soon SensorThings)
provide the web service foundation for
… and other environmental standards yet to be developed.
WaterML GeoSciML WXXM netCDF PipeLineML
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Is PipeLineML an environmental standard?Is PipeLineML an environmental standard?
Yes!
•Environment = natural + built environments
•Knowledge of Earth systems is not enough!
•Sustainable development means managing resources, infrastructure and behavior, guided by good science.
PipeLineML
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Environmental AccountingEnvironmental Accounting
• Sustainable development will impact commerce, corporate “good will” accounts, government oversight, taxes, and perhaps monetary systems.
• All of these will require environmental measurements & trustable, transparent, and digitally useful communication of environmental measurements.
“Triple bottom line” accounting
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Measurements that matter to value chains!
•Greenhouse gases & offsets
•Pollution
•Wastes
•Physical Infrastructure and “emergy*”
•Resources
•Hazards
•Health
What needs to be communicated?What needs to be communicated?
(* embedded energy)RF spectrum
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Status of Environmental IT StandardsStatus of Environmental IT Standards
OGC geospatial Web Service, CityGML and Sensor Web Enablement Standards Other Web Standards…
OGC WaterML 2.0(adopted by OGC)
OGC GeoSciML (introduced into
OGC)
OGC PipelineML(beginning)
CarbonML(idea stage, prototype)
SedimentML
(idea stage)
SoilML(under development by JRC & partners)
Air ?
WXXM - Weather Information Exchange Model
(WMO. Builds on OGC GML)
Radiofreq.Spectrum ? Noise ? Species ? Neighborhoods?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
STANDARDS FOUNDATION
Uncertainty & Imprecision
Still-needed foundation standards:
ProvenanceRights
managementUnstructured
dataPoints of
Interest (PoI)More …
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The standards ecosystem is dynamic!The standards ecosystem is dynamic!
• JSON, REST, Linked Data and the Semantic Web provide alternatives to and new ways of using Web services. New IT trends will evolve.
• Also, disciplines’ and domains’ focus, data models and workflows evolve.
• This dynamism requires ongoing standards work!
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United Nations – SD Post 2016 GoalsUnited Nations – SD Post 2016 Goals
Goal 1 End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2 End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
Goal 3 Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Goal 4 Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all
Goal 5 Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls
Goal 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
Goal 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Goal 8Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all
Goal 9 Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Goal 10 Reduce inequality within and among countries
Goal 11 Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Goal 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts*
Goal 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development
Goal 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss
Goal 16 Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels
Goal 17 Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development
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Sustainable Development Goals* Acknowledging that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is the primary international, intergovernmental forum for negotiating the global response to climate change
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It’s in our handsIt’s in our hands
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Please keep in touch!Please keep in touch!
www.opengeospatial.orgwww.opengeospatial.org
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium
Denise [email protected]@spatialred
@opengeospatial@opengeospatial
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)
http://www.youtube.com/user/ogcvideohttp://www.youtube.com/user/ogcvideo