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LIFE STYLE MODIFICATIONS FOR PREVENTION OF
OCCUPATIONAL POSTURAL DISORDERS THROUGH SIDDHA
WAY
Archana K.*1, Muthukumar N. J.
2, Mahalakshmi V.
3, Mahadevan M. V.
3 and
Banumathi V.4
1PG Scholar, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, India.
2Associate Professor & Head of the Department, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam,
National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
3Lecturer, Department of Sirappu Maruthuvam, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil
Nadu, India.
4The Director, National Institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
ABSTRACT
Siddha is one of the oldest documented system of medicine which
emphasizes us to lead a perfect living in this world, starting from
birth to death. The Brazilian Social Security Agency defines
Occupational Postural Disorders (OPD) as a clinical syndrome
involving a variety of inflammatory and degenerative morbidities that
affect the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the spinal region and
upper limbs. OPD include a list of cervical, lumbar postural disorders
characterized by the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms,
compensatory posture changes and temporary or permanent
functional disabilities. OPD can be correlated with Vatha diseases in
siddha system. OPD can be prevented through Siddha preventive
measures such as Siddha way of life style modifications. This presentation described about
Siddha way of life style modifications which includes Therayar pini anugaa vidhi (Prevention
of diseases), Nazh ozhukkam (Dialy Regimen) & Kaala ozhukkam (Seasonal observance),
Siddha dietary modifications., and Kaaya karpam (Gerontology)- Mooligai Karpam, Yoga
Karpam (Yogic Practices).
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
SJIF Impact Factor 7.421
Volume 7, Issue 9, 639-652 Research Article ISSN 2278 – 4357
Article Received on
20 July 2018,
Revised on 10 August 2018,
Accepted on 30 August 2018
DOI: 10.20959/wjpps20189-12327
*Corresponding Author
Archana K.
PG Scholar, Department of
Sirappu Maruthuvam,
National Institute of Siddha,
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Archana et al. World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
KEYWORDS: Siddha way of life style modifications, Therayar pini anugaa vidhi, Nazh &
Kaala ozhukkam, Kaaya karpam, Occupational Postural Disorders.
BACKROUND
Siddha is one of the oldest documented system of medicine which emphasizes us to lead a
perfect living in this world, starting from birth to death. Siddha system has to handle four
different divisions of the same subject which are comminged and intermingled with each
other viz. 1.Vatham (Alchemy), 2. Vaidhyam (Medicine), 3. Gnanam (wisdom), 4.Yogam.[1]
The Brazilian Social Security Agency defines Occupational Postural Disorders (OPD) as a
clinical syndrome involving a variety of inflammatory and degenerative morbidities that
affect the musculoskeletal system, particularly in the spinal region and upper limbs.[28]
OPD
include a list of cervical, lumbar postural disorders characterized by the presence of
musculoskeletal symptoms, compensatory posture changes and temporary or permanent
functional disabilities.[2]
In Siddha system of medicine the Vatha diseases are said to be 80
in total number of diseases 4448.[3] It can be correlated with Vatha diseases in siddha system.
Inflammatory and degenerative disorders of OPD is one of the Vatha diseases. Vatha
diseases of OPD is developed by vitiated of vatha humour and its characterized by Pain,
penetrating pain, Radiating pain, Numbness, difficulty to normal movements.[4]
OPD can
be prevented through Siddha preventive measures such as Siddha way of life style
modifications which includes Therayar pini anugaa vidhi (Prevention of diseases), Nazh
ozhukkam (Dialy Regimen) & Kaala ozhukkam (Seasonal observance) , Kaaya karpam
(Gerontology)- Mooligai Karpam , Yoga Karpam (Yogic Practices) , and Siddha dietary
modifications.
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Siddha Way of Life Style
Therayar Pini Anuga Vidhi Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of Vatham Humors
(Prevention Of Diseases)[5]
“Thinna mirandullae sikka adakkaamar...”
“Paal unbom; ennai perin veneerir kulippom…”
-Therayar
The above verses explain the do's and don’ts in all our life style activities. These preventive
measures against diseases are summarized below:
Drink boiled water.
Take meals twice a day.
Take diluted buttermilk and melted ghee.
Take sufficient quantity of milk and milk products.
Never eat root tubers except yam.
Always have food after feeling hungry.
Always consume sour curd.
Practice walking after a good diet.
Drink water at the end of meals.
Use hot water while taking oil bath.
Never suppress any natural urge.
Never sleep during daytime.
Take emetic medication once in six months.
Take purgative medication every four months in a year.
Take oil bath once in every four days.
Apply eye medications once in three days.
Nall Ozhukkam[6] (Daily Regimen) Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of Vatham
Humors
Naal oz hu kk am m entioned the system aticord er of ever y d ay activities that ev er y
person needs to follow in obs ervan ce to avoid lif est yle disord ers.
Wakeup early morning at 4am to 6am on every day.
Drink cold water at empty stomach at early morning.
Excretion of stools and urine (Malam salam kazhithal).
Regularly do exercise, practicing yoga which includes asanas, breathing techniques,
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meditation techniques, etc at early morning on every day for 15 to 30 mints.
II. Kaala Ozhukkam (Season Observance) Based On Preventive Of Vitiated Of Vatham
Humors:[6]
“Andathil Ulladhae Pindam, Pindathil Ulladhae Andam” - Satta Muni Gnanam
This verse means that the environment is same within and outside our body which indicates
that the body physiology must be tuned according to the habitat and the prevailing season
as an adaptive and preventive measure for one’s health.
Mudhuvenil Kaalam (Summer from June 16th To Aug 15
th)
Vatham is an accumulated state in this season. So,
Take purgative medication
Take easily digested food
Take increase amount of sweet taste food, coolant food, coolant liquids type of food
Urine and stool should not control over.
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Kaar kalam (Rainy Season From Aug 16th To Oct 15
th)
Vatham is an accumulated state in this season. So,
Take increase amount of sweet, sour, salt taste food
Take hot potency purgative medicine
Avoid day time sleep
Avoid over oiliness butter milk
Use hot water while drink and bath
Pin pani Kaalam (Late Winter From Feb 16th To Apr 15
th)
Own qualities of vatham is increased in this season. So,
Take increase amount of sweet, sour taste food
Avoid vatham increases diet.
Siddha Dietary Modification
Diet acts as the source of vital nutrients to gain energy and it builds our body. Dietetics is
also a subject especially of great importance in Siddha system, which does not believe in
the dictum. “Take anything you like” because of the fact that diseases can be cured easily by
regulation of dietary.
“Unavae Marundhu" Marundhae Unavu”
This verse, meaning diet can act as medicine, explains the importance of diet. Derangement
of humors and in equilibrium of seven physical constituents directly due to the various
articles of food supplied to the body and so, the importance of pathya bagam (the system of
arranging dietary) suitable to the treatment of each disease is very essential.[1]
Pathiyam (DO’S)
Food type of sweet, sour, salt taste, oiliness, softness, hot potency are equilibrium of
Vatham humor.[3]
Food list for equilibrium of vatham humor[6]
Seera samba rice
Wheat (Gothumai)
Foxtail millet (Thinai)
Split pigeon pea (Thuvarai)
Urad dal (Ulundhu)
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Horse gram (Kollu)
Turkey berry (Sundai kai)
Alternanthera sessilis .Linn (Ponnanganni keerai)
Oxalis corniculata. Linn (Puliyarai keerai)
Ridge gourd (Peerkangai)
Radish (Mulangi)
Phyllanthus emblica.Linn (Nellikani)
Fig (Aththi)
Cat fish (Kezhuthi)
Apathiyam (Donot’s)
Dryness, cold, subtl, rough, unstable quality of food are increase own qualities of Vatham
humor result in vitiated Vatham humor.[3]
Food list for disturbance of vatham humor[6]
Raw rice (Pachch arisi)
Ragi (Kaezh varagu)
Split green gram (Paasi paruppu)
Split Bengal gram (Kadalai paruppu)
Cow pea (Kaara mani)
Field beans (Mocha kottai)
Ash gourd (Poosani)
Brinjal (Kathari)
Plantain (Vazhaikai)
Pumpkin (Parangi kai)
Banana (Vazhai palam)
Tapioca (Kizhangu)
Prawn (Iraal)
Kaaya Karpam (R ejuvenation and Lon Ge Vity)
“Kaaya Karpam” was p r acti c ed as a p re ventiv e m e asu re a gai nst illness and also
provides acquired immunity (seyarkai vanmai) to o ur body. Kaaya Karpam acts in two ways
i.e., prevention against disease and restoration of health during illness. Thus, it is preventive
as well as constructive. Kaaya Karpam is studied under three categories viz.[1]
1. Mooligai Karpam.
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2. Thathu and jeeva Karpam.
3. Yoga Karpam.
Mooligai Karpam
This deals with drugs used in Siddha for Kaaya Karpam which have plant origin.
Podhukarpa Avizhtham (General Rejuvenating Drug)[19]
Podhu karpa avizhtham is give energy and strength to the body and specially removes the
disease of the body by vitiated three humors. Withania somnifera. Linn.
(Amukkara kizhangu), Eclipta alba.Linn (Karisalan kanni), Zingiber officinale.Roscoe (Inji)
are one of the Podhu karpa avizhtham.[19]
Avizhtham[19]
Veeriyam[20]
Effect of Tridhosam[21]
Activity
Amukkara kizhangu
(Withania somnifera.
Linn)
Hot potency Balances vatham
and kapham Anti- inflammatory
[22]
Karisalan kanni
(Eclipta alba. Linn) Hot potency
Balances vatham
and kapham Anti- inflammatory
[23]
Inji (Zingiber
officinale. Roscoe) Hot potency
Reduces vitiated vatham
and pitham dhosam Anti- inflammatory
[24]
Amukkara Kizhangu (Withania somnifera.Linn)
“………………………………………………[25]
………………………………………. -Koala Naguda verunduthira naattu vaiyaen maelai
Naguda verunduruu vaazhnaazh”
- Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[20]
Use: Amukkara Kizhangu powder 1 to 2 grm with milk, twice a day after food for 48 days
will be used internally.[19]
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Karisalan Kanni (Eclipta alba. Linn)
“………………………………………………[26]
…………………………………. –Nirarsonna
Meiyaan thagaraiyoththa meezhinnu narpulaththuk
Kaiyaan thagaraiyoththyak kaal.”
- Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[20]
Use
Karisalan Kanni leaf will be used in the diet for 48 days.[19]
Inji(Zingiber officinale. Roscoe)[27]
“Irundhen alangaara meithaindru meeri
Irundhen alangaara meidhi – irundhen
Neevi ragasiyamaa nenmaavudan kalandhu
Neevi ragasiyamaai nei”
-Agathiyar gunavaagadam.[2]
Use: Inji thenural will be used internally for 48 days.[19]
Yoga Karpam (Yogic Practices)
Yoga is the science of right living and as such is intended to be incorporated in daily life. It
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works on all aspect of the person; the physical, vital, mental, emotional, psychic
andspiritual. Yogasanam, Pranayamam, Iyamam and Niyamam fall under this category.
Siddha have described several yogic postures which are aimed at developing and maintaining
the wellness of the body and soul. Saint Thirumoolar has detailed several yogasanas (yogic
postures) in his valuable work titled third part of “Thirumandiram”.[1]
“Yoga isn’t an ancient myth buried in oblivion. It is the most valuable inheritance of the
present and the essential need of today and the culture of tomorrow”. - Swami Satyananda
Saraswati.
Yoga and Occupational Postural Disorders
Yoga helps to increase strength in specific muscles and muscles groups. Many postures in
yoga gently strengthen the muscles of the back as well as abdominal one. Back and
abdominal muscles are essential components of the muscular network of the spine, helping
the body to maintain proper upright posture and movement. When these muscle are well
conditioned, Occupational Postural Disorders can be greatly reduced or avoided.[8]
I. Loosening Practice[9]
It can help to increase microcirculation. These practice can be done while standing and
sitting.
Neck movements
Shoulder movements
Trunk movements
Knee movements
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II. Surya Namaskaram[9]
[30]
These practices stimulate the internal organs by increasing the circulation.This will also
help to burn the excessive calorie.
III. Nadi sudhi Pranayamam[9] (Breathing techniques)
31
Nadi Suddhi pranayama can help with weight loss as it increases the rate of
metabolisms.
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It helps calm the nervous system
It can improve mental health.
This type of pranayama breathing is believed to strengthen the immune system and
prevent illnesses.
S. No. Asanam[8]
Contraindication[8]
1
Matsya Asanam (Fish Pose)[8]
Severe Low Back Pain
Neck injury
Migraine
Insomnia
2
Vajrasana (Diamond Pose)[11]
Injured ankles or knee
ligaments
Hernia
Hamstring or calf injury
3
Tirikonasanam (Triangle Pose)[9,13]
Severe sciatica
Slipped disc
Abdominal surgery
4
Navasanam (Boat Pose)[8]
9 14
Knee, hip, injury,
Severe sciatica
Slipped disc15
5
Puli Asanam (Tiger Pose)[10]
9 16
Severe sciatica
Slipped disc
Serious problems with wrist
joint and knee joint
Hernia17
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6
Sethu Bandhaasanam (Bridge Pose)[8]
9 10
Back injury
Neck injury
Sacroiliac injury
Ankle injury
Knee injury
V. Chandranamaskaram
32
These practices stimulate the internal organs by increasing the circulation.
This will also help to burn the excessive calorie.
CONCLUSION
Occupational Postural Disorders (OPD) is increasing nowadays in 80% population. So being
aware of Siddha preventive measures such as Siddha way of life style modifications for
breaking the inflammatory and degenerative life style disorders of Occupational Postural
Disorders.
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