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CT053-3-2 Management Information Systems in Organizations 1
Network Computing: Discovery, Communication,
and Collaboration
Source: Information Technology For Management 5th Edition By: Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
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CT053-3-2 Management Information Systems in Organizations 2
Learning Objectives
Explain the concepts of the Internet and theWeb, their importance, and their capabilities.
Explain the role of intranets, extranets, and
corporate portals for organizations. Identify the various ways in whichcommunication is executed over theInternet.
Demonstrate how people collaborate overthe Internet, intranets, and extranets usingvarious supporting tools, including voicetechnology and teleconferencing.
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CT053-3-2 Management Information Systems in Organizations 3
Network Computing
The vast web of electronic networks, referred to as theinformation superhighway or Internet links the computingresources of businesses, government, and educationalinstitutions using a common computer communication protocol,TCP/IP. The World Wide Web---the Web--is the most widely
used application on the Internet.
CollaborationCollaboration
CommunicationCommunication
DiscoveryDiscovery
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Internet Application Categories
Discovery:Discovery involves browsing and information retrieval.
Communication:The Internet provides fast and inexpensivecommunication channels that range from messages posted on onlinebulletin boards to complex information exchanges among many
organizations. Collaboration:Due to improved communication, electronic
collaboration between individuals and/or groups ranging from screensharing and teleconferencing to group support systems.
The Netis also used for:
Education Entertainment: People can access the content of newspapers,magazines, and books. Correspond with friends and family, playgames, listen to music, view movies and other cultural events.
Work: They can download documents, do research.
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The Network Computing Infrastructure
Intranet: a network designed to serve the internal
informational needs of a company, using Internet concepts andtools.
Browsing and Search capabilities.
Support communication and collaboration.
Extranet: An extranet is an infrastructure that allows securecommunications (connects the intranets of differentorganizations) among business partners over the Internet.
Enables business-to-business (B2B) transactions
Provides an interface to exchange of business forms
In addition to the Internet and the Web there are twoother major infrastructures of network computing: theintranet and the extranet
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The Network Computing Infrastructure
AA network is designed to servenetwork is designed to servethe informational needs of athe informational needs of a
company, using Internetcompany, using Internetconcepts and toolsconcepts and tools..
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Discovery - Internet Application Categories
Internet Software Agents
Internet-Based Web Mining
Other Discovery Aids
Toolbars Material in Foreign Languages
Information and Corporate Portals
Through the discovery capability users can access informationlocated in databases all over the world. It facilitates education,government services, entertainment, and commerce. Discoveryis done by browsing and searchingstatic or dynamicdatasources on the Web.
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Discovery - Internet Software Agents
Search engines, directories, software andSearch engines, directories, software and
intelligent agentsintelligent agents
Web-Browsing-Assisting AgentsWeb-Browsing-Assisting Agents
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) AgentsFrequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Agents
Search Engines and Intelligent IndexingSearch Engines and Intelligent IndexingAgentsAgents
Software agents are computer programs that carry out a set ofroutine computer tasks on behalf of the user and in so doingemploy some sort of knowledge of the users goals
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Discovery - Other Discovery Aids
Webopedia.com
What Is?(whatis.com)
eBizSearch(gunther.smeal.psu.edu)
HighBeam(highbeam.com)
Howstuffworks.com. Findarticles.com
Hundreds of other search engines and discovery aids areavailable
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Discovery - Toolbars
Google Toolbar (toolbar.google.com)
Copernic Agent Basic (copernic.com)
KartOO (kartoo.com)
Yahoo Companion (companion.yahoo.com)
Grokker (groxis.com)
To get the most out of search engines, you may use add-ontoolbars and special software.
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Discovery - Information in Foreign Languages
WorldPoint Passport (worldpoint.com)
Babel Fish Translation (world.altavista.com)
AutoTranslate (offered in Netscape browser)
trados.com
translationzone.com
There is a huge amount of information on the Internet inlanguages that you may not know. Automatic translation of Webpages is an application offered by many vendors. However, notall automatic translations are equally good, so evaluation ofthese products is needed.
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Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals
Commercial (public) portalsoffer content fordiversecommunities and are the most popular portals on theInternet. Examples are:
yahoo.com lycos.com
msn.com Publishing portalsare intended for communities with
specific interests. Examples are: techweb.com zdnet.com
A portal is a Web-based personalized gateway to informationand knowledge in network computing. It attempts to addressinformation overload by providing one screen from which we doall our work on the Web. Thus eliminating retrieval time spenton integrating disparate IT systems.
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Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals (continued)
Personal portals target specific filtered informationfor individuals.
Affinity portals support communities such as hobby
groups or a political party Mobile portals are portals accessible from mobile
devices.
Voice portals are Web portals with audio interfaces,which enables them to be accessed by a standard orcell phone.
AOLbyPhone tellme.com bevocal.com
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Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals (continued)
Suppliers portals: Using corporate portals, suppliers can mange theirown inventories online.
Customersportals: Customers can use a customer-facing portal forviewing products and services and placing orders, which they canlater self-track.
Employeesportals: Such portals are used for training, dissemination
of news and information, and workplace discussion groups. Supervisorsportals: These portals, sometimes called workforce
portals, enable managers and supervisors to control the entireworkforce management process from budgeting to schedulingworkforce.
Corporate portals provide single-point access to specificenterpriseinformation and applications available on the Internet, intranets, andextranets to employees, business partners, and customers. They are alsoknown as enterprise portals or enterprise information portals.
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Discovery - Information & Corporate Portals (continued)
Corporate portalsCorporate portals
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Communication - Internet Application Categories
Electronic Mail
Web-Based Call Centers
Electronic Chat Rooms Voice Communication
Weblogging (Blogging)
People exchange and share information by sending and receivingmessages, documents, forms and files. This information-processingsupports the organization and the transaction of business.Communications can involve one or several IT-supported media, such astext, voice, graphics, radio, pictures, and animation. Using different
media increases the effectiveness of a message, expedites learning, andenhances problem solving.
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Collaboration - Internet Application Categories
Virtual collaboration(e-collaboration):the use of digitaltechnologies that enable organizations or individuals tocollaborative
Collaborative commerce(c-commerce): collaboration amongbusiness partners Supply chains
Dealer/Partner Networks
Product Networks
Collaborationrefers to the mutual efforts of two or more individualsor groups to perform activities in order to accomplish certain tasks.These tasks range from designing products and documents, toteaching, to executing complementary subtasks, to working withcustomers, suppliers, and other business partners. In an effort to
improve productivity and competitiveness collaboration can besupported electronically.
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Collaboration Tools (Workflows)
Workflow Technologies:the movement of informationthrough the sequence of steps that make up anorganizations work procedures or business processes. Workflow management is the automation of workflows from start to
finish, including all exception conditions. Workflow systems are business process automation tools (software
programs) that automate almost any information-processing task.
Workflow applications: Collaborative workflow: addresses project-oriented and
collaborative types of processes. Production workflow: addresses mission-critical, transaction-
oriented, high volume processes.
Administrative workflow: is cross between collaborative andproduction workflows.
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Collaboration Tools (Groupware)
Electronic Meeting Systems attempt to improve face-to-face
meetings with their electronic counter-part.
Electronic Teleconferencing (Teleconferencing) is the use ofelectronic communication that allows two or more people at differentlocations to have a simultaneous conference. Video Teleconferencing (videoconference),participants in one location
can see participants at other locations. Data (data conferencing) can
also be sent along with voice and video making it possible to work ondocuments together. Web Conferencing is Videoconferencing solely conducted on the
Internet
Software products that support groups of people who share acommon task or goal and who collaborate on its accomplishment.Groupware implies the use of networks to connect people, even ifthe people are in the same room.
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Collaboration Tools (Groupware)(continued)
Interactive Whiteboards work like thephysical worldwhiteboardswith markers and erasers, except instead of one person standing infront of a meeting room drawing on the whiteboard, all participants canjoin in.
Screen Sharing software, allows group members to work on thesame document, which is shown on the PC screen of each participant.
Instant video, is a kind of real time chat room that allows you to seethe person you are communicating with.
Real-time collaboration (RTC) Tools: help companies bridge timeand space to make decisions and to collaborate on projects. RTC toolssupport synchronous communication of graphical and text-basedinformation.
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Collaboration (continued)
Collaborative NetworksCollaborative Networks
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E-Learning Web-based Application
Blackboard Inc.(blackboard.com)offers a complete suiteof enterprise software products and services thatpower a totale-education infrastructurefor schools,
colleges, universities, and other education providers. WebCT(webct.com)provides a similar set of tools, but
with a different vision and strategy. It uses advancedpedagogical tools to help institutions of highereducation make distance-learning courses possible.
Distance learning(DL) refers to situations where teachers andstudents do not meet face-to-face. It can be done in differentways. E-learning is only one form of distance learning. It providesa new set of tools that add value to traditional learning modes. Itdoes not replace the classroom setting, but enhances it, taking
advantage of new content and delivery technologies.
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Telecommuting Web-based Application
There are numerous non-compensatory benefits and advantagesfor employees, employers, and society. The most important beingimproved productivity.
Some disadvantages for the employees are increased feelings ofisolation, loss of fringe benefits, no workplace visibility, and lack ofsocialization.
Disadvantages to employers are difficulties in supervising work,potential data security problems, training costs, and the high cost
of equipping and maintaining telecommutershomes.
Telecommuting, or teleworking, refers to an arrangementwhereby employees can work at home, at the customerspremises, in special work places, or while traveling, usually usinga computer linked to their place of employment.
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Q & A
Source: Information Technology For Management 5th Edition By: Turban, Leidner, McLean, Wetherbe
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