[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Present Simple Tense
Изразява:
1) Обичайно повтарящо се действие.
I go to work every day.
2) Факт, отнасящ се до подлога
(характеристика).
She is a good teacher.
3) Неопровержими истини, научни факти.
The sun is a star.
Образуване:
I/You/We/You/They live in Boston.
He/She/It lives in Boston.
Do/Does live in Boston?
don’t/doesn’t live in Boston.
Don’t/Doesn’t live in Boston?
Yes, do/does.
No, don’t/doesn’t.
–
–?
+?
+
+!
–!
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They are smart kids.
Are they smart kids?
They aren’t smart kids.
Aren’t they smart kids?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
He goes to school every morning.
Does he go to school every morning?
He doesn’t go to school every morning.
Doesn’t he go to school every morning?
Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.
We watch TV every evening.
Do we watch _________________________?
We don’t watch ______________________.
Don’t we watch _______________________?
Yes, we ________.
No, we ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You write a letter once a week.
They listen to radio in the living room.
They buy their supplies in Denver twice a month.
What do they do ?
What do they
listen?
Where do they
listen to radio?
Who
writes…?
What do you do?
What do you
write?
How often do
you write?
Подчертай и задай въпросите.
Who
listens?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Present Continuous Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което се извършва в момента на
говоренето (сега).
She is typing a letter now.
2) Действие или състояние, свързано с кратък
период от време, вкл. момента на
говоренето (действие в развитие).
I am studying English.
3) Планирано бъдещо действие (с глаголи за
движение).
He is meeting Jane later this
evening.
I am
He/She/It is
Am/Is/Are studying English?
am not/isn’t/aren’t studying…
studying…?
–
–?
+?
+
+! –!
Yes, am/is/are. No, am/is/are not.
You/We/They are
Образуване:
verb + ing
to be
Am I not
Isn’t/Aren’t
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They are eating a cake.
Are they eating a cake?
They aren’t eating a cake.
Aren’t they eating a cake?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
He is going to the theatre tonight.
Is he going to the theatre tonight?
He isn’t going to the theatre tonight.
Isn’t he going to the theatre tonight?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
You are going for a walk tomorrow morning.
Are you going for _________________________?
You aren’t going ______________________.
Aren’t you going _______________________?
Yes, you ________.
No, you ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You are writing a letter now.
She is riding a horse in the park.
They are swimming in the lake now.
What is she doing?
What is she
riding?
Where is she
riding?
What are
you doing?
What are
you writing?
When are you
writing?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who is
writing?
Who is
riding?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Present Perfect Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, извършено в миналото, но
резултатът от което е налице в момента на
говоренето (сега) или има отношение към
настоящия момент.
She has typed a letter.
2) Действие, което е започнало в миналото и
продължава и в момента на говоренето.
I have lived in Edinburg since 1996.
Have/Has read that book?
haven’t/hasn’t read that book.
read that book?
–
–?
+?
+
+! –!
Yes, have/has. No, haven’t/hasn’t.
Образуване:
Past
Participle
Haven’t/Hasn’t
I/You/We/They have
He/She/It has
read that book.
have/has
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They have eaten the cake.
Have they eaten the cake?
They haven’t eaten the cake.
Haven’t they eaten the cake?
Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
He has lived in Brussels for 7 years.
Has he lived in Brussels for 7 years?
He hasn’t lived in Brussels for 7 years.
Hasn’t he lived in Brussels for 7 years?
Yes, he has.
No, he hasn’t.
I have drunk five cups of coffee this morning.
Have I drunk ___________________________________?
I haven’t drunk _______________________________.
Haven’t I drunk ________________________________?
Yes, I ________.
No, I ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения на
стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You have lived here for ten years.
She has (already) ridden a horse in the park.
They have already swum in the lake.
What has she done?
What has she
ridden?
Where has she
ridden a horse?
What have
you done?
Where have
you lived…?
How long have
you lived here?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who has
lived here?
Who has
ridden…?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Изразява:
1) Продължително действие, започнало в
миналото и продължаващо все още или
току-що завършило, но с дълготрайни
последици.
It has been raining for a couple of
days, but it has stopped now.
2) Действие, повтарящо се много пъти за
определен период от време до настоящия
момент.
He has been telling these stories for
years.
3) Служи за подчертаване на продължителност
на действието (обикновено с негативен
оттенък).
We have been eating rice for weeks.
– –
+?
+! –!
Образуване:
verb + ing
Yes, have/has.
have/has been
have/has been living here for ages.
–?
+
Have/Has been living here for ages.
haven’t/hasn’t been living…
Haven’t/Hasn’t been living…
No, haven’t/hasn’t.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They are eating a cake.
Are they eating a cake?
They aren’t eating a cake.
Aren’t they eating a cake?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
He is going to the theatre tonight.
Is he going to the theatre tonight?
He isn’t going to the theatre tonight.
Isn’t he going to the theatre tonight?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
You are going for a walk tomorrow morning.
Are you going for _________________________?
You aren’t going ______________________.
Aren’t you going _______________________?
Yes, you ________.
No, you ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You are writing a letter now.
She is riding a horse in the park.
They are swimming in the lake now.
What is she doing?
What is she
riding?
Where is she
riding?
What are
you doing?
What are
you writing?
When are you
writing?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who is
writing?
Who is
riding?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Past Simple Tense
Изразява:
1) Обичайно повтарящо се действие в
миналото.
I went to work every day.
2) Описване (изреждане) на минали събития.
She opened the door and entered the
room quickly.
3) Еднократно действие в миналото (посочва
се кога е извършено).
They sent her a letter three days ago.
Образуване:
left the house last night.
Did leave the house last night?
didn’t leave the house last night.
Didn’t leave the house last night?
Yes, did.
–
–?
+?
+
+!
–!
No, didn’t.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They were smart kids.
Were they smart kids?
They weren’t smart kids.
Weren’t they smart kids?
Yes, they were.
No, they weren’t.
He went to school every morning.
Did he go to school every morning?
He didn’t go to school every morning.
Didn’t he go to school every morning?
Yes, he did.
No, he didn’t.
We watched TV last evening.
Did we watch _________________________?
We didn’t watch ______________________.
Didn’t we watch _______________________?
Yes, we ________.
No, we ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You wrote her a letter once a week.
They had dinner in the restaurant, and
They bought their supplies in Denver twice a
What did they do ?
What did
they
have?
Where did they
have dinner?
Who
wrote…?
What did
you do?
Подчертай и задай въпросите.
Who had
dinner?
then…
Whom
did you
write?
What did
you write?
How often did
you write her?
month.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Past Continuous Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което се e извършвало преди, по
време на и след даден минал момент.
She was typing the letter when we came.
2) Продължително(и) действие(я) в миналото.
He was dancing while Jane was
singing.
I/He/She/It was
was/were studying English for a long
Was/Were studying English…?
wasn’t/weren’t studying…
Wasn’t/Weren’t studying…?
–
–?
+
+! –!
Yes, was/were. No, wasn’t/weren’t.
You/We/They were
Образуване:
verb + ing
to be
+?
time…
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They were eating a cake.
Were they eating a cake?
They weren’t eating a cake.
Weren’t they eating a cake?
Yes, they were.
No, they weren’t.
He was walking in the woods when…
Was he walking in the woods…?
He wasn’t walking in the woods…
Wasn’t he walking in the woods…?
Yes, he was.
No, he wasn’t.
You were doing your homework while…
Were you doing _________________________?
You weren’t doing ______________________.
Weren’t you doing _______________________?
Yes, you ________.
No, you ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You were making a cake when…
She was riding a horse in the park.
They were swimming in the lake when…
What was
she doing?
What was she
riding?
Where was she
riding?
What were
you doing?
What were
you
making?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who was
making…?
Who was
riding?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Past Perfect Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което се е извършило до
определен момент в миналото.
She had typed the letters by 6 o’clock.
2) Действие, извършено преди друго действие
в миналото.
I had read the book before she gave
me the test on it.
Had read that book?
hadn’t read that book.
read that book?
–
–?
+?
+
+! –!
Yes, had. No, hadn’t.
Образуване:
Past
Participle
Hadn’t
had read that book.
had
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They had been there before.
Had they been there before?
They hadn’t been there before.
Hadn’t they been there before?
Yes, they had.
No, they hadn’t.
He had lived in Brussels for 7 years when she
Had he lived in Brussels for 7 years?
He hadn’t lived in Brussels for 7 years.
Hadn’t he lived in Brussels for 7 years?
Yes, he had.
No, he hadn’t.
I had already drunk five cups of coffee.
Had I already drunk __________________________?
I hadn’t drunk ________________________________.
Hadn’t I drunk ________________________________?
Yes, I ________.
No, I ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения на
стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
came.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You had lived here for ten years when…
She had (already) ridden a horse in the park.
They had already swum in the lake.
What had she done?
What had she
ridden?
Where had she
ridden a horse?
What had
you done?
Where had
you lived…?
How long had
you lived here?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who had
lived here?
Who had
ridden…?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Изразява:
1) Продължително действие, започнало в
миналото и продължаващо все още или
току-що завършило, но с дълготрайни
последици.
It had been raining for a couple of
days, but it has stopped now.
2) Действие, повтарящо се много пъти за
определен период от време до настоящия
момент.
He had been telling these stories for
years.
3) Служи за подчертаване на продължителност
на действието (обикновено с негативен
оттенък).
We had been eating rice for weeks.
– –
+?
+! –!
Образуване:
verb + ing
Yes, had.
had been
had been living here for ages.
–?
+
Had been living here for ages?
hadn’t been living…
Hadn’t been living…?
No, hadn’t.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
Jimmy had been dancing all day long.
Had he been dancing…?
He hadn’t been dancing…
Hadn’t he been dancing…?
Yes, he had.
No, he hadn’t.
It had been raining all night.
Had it been raining all night?
It hadn’t been raining all night.
Hadn’t it been raining all night?
Yes, it had.
No, it hadn’t.
I had been doing my morning exercises for
half an hour when she decided to join.
I Had I been doing _________________________?
I hadn’t been doing ______________________.
Hadn’t you been doing _______________________?
Yes, I ________. No, I ______________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
He had been writing reports all day, and he
was asleep.
We had been walking in the park
for five minutes when we saw a deer.
They had been swimming for an hour
when the boat came to rescue them.
What had he
been writing?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who had
been
writing?
What had
he been
doing?
How long had
he been
writing?
Who had
been
walking? What had we
been doing?
How long had we
been walking?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Future Simple Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което ще се извърши в определен
момент в бъдещето.
She’ll go to England next month.
2) Обичайно, повтарящо се (очаквано) бъдещо
действие.
I’ll have long walks every morning.
Особености:
1) В съвременния английски език по-често се
използват will, ’ll и won’t .
We’ll proceed with our attempts.
2) Will често означава желание, обещание
или предложение.
We’ll help you.
3) Won’t често означава отказ или
нежелание.
They won’t come with us.
4) Shall – въпросите в първо лице са
предложения и предположения.
Shall I help you to finish it?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
5) Will you – въпросите са учтиви молби.
Will you do me a favour?
Образуване:
come tomorrow.
Shall/Will come tomorrow?
shan’t/won’t come tomorrow.
Shan’t/Won’t come tomorrow?
Yes, shall/will.
–
–?
+?
+
+!
–!
No, shan’t/won’t.
I/We shall
You/He/She/It/
We/You/They
will
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They will send it tomorrow.
Will they send it tomorrow?
They won’t send it tomorrow.
Won’t they send it tomorrow?
Yes, they will.
No, they won’t.
He’ll go to school every morning.
Will he go to school every morning?
He won’t go to school every morning.
Won’t he go to school every morning?
Yes, he will.
No, he won’t.
We’ll watch TV tonight.
Shall we watch _________________________?
We shan’t watch ______________________.
Shan’t we watch _______________________?
Yes, we ________.
No, we ________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You’ll write her a letter once a week.
They’ll have dinner in the restaurant.
He’ll buy their supplies in Denver when needed.
What will they do ?
What will
they
have?
Where will they
have dinner?
Who will
write…?
What will
you do?
Подчертай и задай въпросите.
Who will
have
dinner?
Whom
will you
write?
What will
you write?
How often will
you write her?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Future Continuous Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което ще се извършва в даден
момент в бъдещето.
She’ll be sleeping at this time
tomorrow.
2) Планирано/предполагаемо бъдещо
действие.
They’ll be voting in the elections next
month.
I/We shall
’ll be studying English in London.
Shall/Will be studying English…?
shan’t/won’t be studying English…
Shan’t/Won’t be studying English…?
–
–?
+
+! –!
Yes, shall/will. No, shan’t/won’t.
You/He/She/It/You/They will
Образуване:
verb + ing
be
+?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
They’ll be travelling by air.
Will they be travelling by air?
They won’t be travelling by air.
Won’t they be travelling by air?
Yes, they will.
No, they won’t.
He’ll be taking his mother.
Will he be taking his mother?
He won’t be taking his mother
Won’t he be taking his mother?
Yes, he will.
No, he won’t.
Nick will be playing tennis in the park,
Will he be playing _________________________?
He won’t be playing ______________________.
Won’t he be playing _______________________?
Yes, he________.
No, he________.
Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Постави означения
на стрелките.
->Подчертай
променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
I imagine.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You’ll be making a cake at this time
Steve will be waiting for me at the station.
They will be staying in Mexico for long.
What will he
be doing?
Whom will he
be waiting for?
Where will he
be waiting?
What will you
be doing?
What will
you be
making?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who will
be
making…?
Who will
be
waiting?
tomorrow.
(At) what time
will you be
making a cake?
It’s gone 6.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
The Future Perfect Tense
Изразява:
1) Действие, което ще продължи до определен
момент в бъдещето.
By November I’ll have worked here for
twenty years.
2) Предположение, че действието е извършено
до дадения момент (по всяка вероятност).
She’ll have read the book by now.
Shall/Will have written that letter?
’ll have written that letter.
have written
–
–?
+?
+
+! –!
Yes, shall/will. No, shan’t/won’t.
Образуване:
Past
Participle
Shan’t/Won’t
’ll have written that letter, I expect.
have
’ll
that letter??
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
It will be completed by 5 o’clock.
Will it be completed by 5 o’clock?
It won’t be completed by 5 o’clock.
Won’t it be completed by 5 o’clock?
Yes, it will.
No, it won’t.
He’ll have finished the translations by 7,
Will he have finished the translations by 7?
He won’t have finished the translations by 7.
Won’t he have finished the translations by 7?
Yes, he will.
No, he won’t.
I’ll have drunk three cups of coffee by 12,
Shall I have drunk _____________________________?
I shan’t have drunk ___________________________.
Shan’t I have drunk ___________________________?
Yes, I ________.
No, I ________.
Постави
означения на
стрелките.
->Постави означения на
стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Постави означения на стрелките.
->Подчертай променената част.
->Довърши изреченията.
I hope.
I assume.
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
You’ll have lived here for ten years by March.
She’ll have ridden a horse in the park by 10.
They’ll have done their homework by that time.
What will she
have done?
What will she
have ridden?
Where had she
ridden a horse?
What will you
have done?
Where will
you have
lived?
How long will you
have lived here?
Подчертай и задай
въпросите.
Who will have
lived here?
Who will
have
ridden…?
By what time will
she have ridden?
By when will she
have lived here…?
[KNOW HOW ENGLISH GRAMMAR] Tenses
Futurity
1) To be going to
Намерение или очакване за бъдещо
действие.
It is going to rain in an hour.
2) The Present Continuous Tense
Бъдещо действие с глаголи за движение.
He is arriving tomorrow.
3) The Present Simple Tense
С глаголи за пристигане и тръгване.
The train leaves at 8.
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Дай примери
за всеки един
от случаите.
Most verbs have past tense and past participle in ~ed
(worked, played, listened), but many of the most frequent
verbs are irregular. Look at the table below:
Base form Past tense Past participle
be
begin break
bring
buy build
choose
come cost
cut
do draw
drive
eat
feel find
get
give go
have
hear hold
keep
know leave
lead
let lie
was/were
began
broke brought
bought
built chose
came
cost cut
did
drew drove
ate
felt
found got
gave
went had
heard
held kept
knew
left led
let
lay
been
begun
broken brought
bought
built chosen
come
cost cut
done
drawn driven
eaten
felt
found got
given
gone had
heard
held kept
known
left led
let
lain
Base form Past tense Past participle
lose
make
mean
meet pay
put
run say
see
sell send
set
sit speak
spend
stand take
teach
tell
think understand
wear
win write
lost
made
meant
met paid
put
ran said
saw
sold sent
set
sat spoke
spent
stood took
taught
told
thought understood
wore
won wrote
lost
made
meant
met paid
put
run said
seen
sold sent
set
sat spoken
spent
stood taken
taught
told
thought understood
worn
won written
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