John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
O U T L I N EO U T L I N E
Advanced Satellite AviationAdvanced Satellite AviationWeather Products (ASAP):Weather Products (ASAP):A Collaborative Research Venture betweenA Collaborative Research Venture between
NASA & FAA, NCAR, CIMSS & UAHNASA & FAA, NCAR, CIMSS & UAH
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
History of ASAPHistory of ASAP• March 2001: First discussions with PDT members • August 27, 2002:
NASA Advanced Satellite Aviationweather Products (ASAP) Study ReportAs Prepared by the
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS)The University of WisconsinMadison (UW)
Written in collaboration with
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)For the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) and the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Aviation Weather Research Program (AWRP)
Primary Authors:John R. Mecikalski, UWCIMSSDavid B. Johnson, NCAR RAP
Contributing Authors:John Murray, NASA Langley Research Center Rita Roberts, NCAR RAP
Bruce Carmichael, NCAR RAP Cathy Kessinger, NCAR RAPThomas Achtor, UWCIMSS Marcia Politovich, NCAR RAP
Wayne Feltz, UWCIMSS Cindy Mueller, NCAR RAPBob Sharman, NCAR RAP Barbara Brown, NCAR RAP
Tim Schmit, NOAA/NESDIS ASPT Paul Herzegh, NCAR RAPTimothy Olander, UWCIMSS Joleen Feltz, UWCIMSS
Suzanne Wetzel-Seemann, UWCIMSS Jun Li, UWCIMSSElaine Prins, NOAA/NESDIS ASPT
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
History of ASAPHistory of ASAP• May 2003: NASA Funding arrives for initial Product Research • Today:
- ~6 member Team at CIMSS - Monthly Teleconferencing- Delivery of about 4 main products- Web access/ data delivery - Ongoing discussions with NCAR on logistics- Preliminary work with larger components of PDT Teams- Seeking new in-house collaborators - Draw in strengths of outside collaborators (LaRC, MSFC, MIT-LL)
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/asap/
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Advanced Satellite Aviation-weather Products (ASAP) Initiative
NOAANESDIS
NOAANCEP
NOAAAWC
AirlineOps
FAAFSS
AWIN Providers
Government and University Labs
FAA AWRP
10 PDTsNASA UW-UAH
ASAP
ASAP: Developing High-Resolution Satellite Weather Products to Improve Aviation Safety
NASATestPilot
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Purpose & GoalsPurpose & Goals
• The development and demonstration of methods for infusing current and advanced satellite-data analysis techniques into systems designed to increase aviation safety.
• The formation of a robust partnership between NCAR/FAA and UW-CIMSS/UAH that facilitates long-term aviation-oriented satellite-based product development and evolution.
• Coalesce scientists toward the common FAA and NASA goal of increasing aviation safety through improved use of remote-sensing systems.
The goals of this collaboration ...
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Purpose & GoalsPurpose & Goals
• The development and demonstration of methods for infusing current and advanced satellite-data analysis techniques into systems designed to increase aviation safety.
• The formation of a robust partnership between NCAR/FAA and UW-CIMSS/UAH that facilitates long-term aviation-oriented satellite-based product development and evolution.
• Coalesce scientists toward the common FAA and NASA goal of increasing aviation safety through improved use of remote-sensing systems.
The goals of this collaboration ...
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Purpose & GoalsPurpose & Goals
• The development and demonstration of methods for infusing current and advanced satellite-data analysis techniques into systems designed to increase aviation safety.
• The formation of a robust partnership between NCAR/FAA and UW-CIMSS/UAH that facilitates long-term aviation-oriented satellite-based product development and evolution.
• Coalesce scientists toward the common FAA and NASA goal of increasing aviation safety through improved use of remote-sensing systems.
The goals of this collaboration ...
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Real-time Data5 Geostationary Satellites
4 NOAA Polar Orbiting SatellitesTERRA (Direct Broadcast)
FY1CNEXRAD WSR-88D
Model GridsPoint DataText Data
WEB ImagesCustomized Products
Archived Data5 Geostationary Satellites
Model GridsPoint Data
Customized Products
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS)
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH)NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC)
UAH
ASAP
Lightning Research
Satellite Data Assimilation
Data Mining
New Instruments
Student/Basic Research
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
100
1000
Current GOES
Pre
ssu
re (
hP
a)
Water Vapor Weighting Functions100
1000
Pre
ssu
re (
hP
a)
Next Generation GOES
Non-Hyperspectral Data• “Broadband”• 10-50 Spectral Bands• Spectral Range ~600-2300 cm-1
• e.g., Current GOES Sounder
Hyperspectral Data• < 1.0 cm-1 Spectral Resolution• >1000 Spectral Bands• Spectral Range ~600-2300 cm-1
• e.g., Next Generation GOES Sounder
Hyperspectral DataHyperspectral Data
GOES-ABI, GOES-HES & MODIS
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES Planning Launch Dates94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
On-Orbit Storage Operations
GOES -8
GOES -9
GOES -10
GOES -11
GOES -M
GOES -N
GOES -O
GOES -P
GOES -R
4/94 8/01
5/95 7/98
4/97 4/02
5/00
8/00 5/055/05
7/014/02 4/07
1/03 5/05 5/10
4/05 4/07 5/12
4/074/07 5/10 5/15
4/10 5/12
5/17
as of August 2001
(ABI/HES)
(GIFTS)
2001
2003
2010
2012
2005
(GOES-12)
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
• John Mecikalski (PI–UAH): Convection, turbulence, product integration, satellite assimilation
• Wayne Feltz (PI–CIMSS): Cloud products, data management,product integration, validation efforts
• Kristopher Bedka: Convection, winds
• Sarah Thomas: Cloud properties, cloud products
• Ben Howell: Programming and scientific data support
• Scott Bachmeier: Volcanic ash
• Chris Schmidt: Ozone for turbulence
• Tony Wimmers: Water vapor imagery for turbulence
• Nate Uhlenbrock (Tim Schmit): Turbulence research
People & ProjectsPeople & Projects
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
What Meteorological Problems can Satellite What Meteorological Problems can Satellite Information Be Useful in Solving?Information Be Useful in Solving?
• Clouds• Visibility• Turbulence & Stability• Moist Convection• Icing & Winter
Weather• Over-Ocean Weather• Improved Prediction
through Satellite Data Assimilation
How can this information be most appropriately used at NCAR?
• Use within Expert Systems that forecast and nowcast particular weather
• Use in conjunction with numerical weather prediction systems
• Use within diagnostic programs
Satellites can provideinformation on:
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of problem of Cloud Detection Cloud Detection && Quantification Quantification
• GOES, GIFTS, GOES-ABI, and GOES-HES can be used insignificant ways to address issues of cloud detection
• The quantification of cloud types, location and amounts canbe employed in a number of aviation-relevant problems:– ceiling determination– cloud top locations– cloud layers evaluations– rapid cloud growth accompanying convective initiation– identification of fog, haze & smoke
• Identification of the inversions that cloud occupy/form near areimportant for turbulence and stability detection
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of problem of VisibilityVisibility Determination Determination
• GOES, GIFTS, GOES-ABI, and GOES-HES can be used toassess visibility on local and regional scales
• Fog detection/monitoring algorithms can be improved
• Identification of the low-level inversions are important forvisibility determination
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of problem of TurbulenceTurbulence & & StabilityStability
• Identification of the low-level inversion strength is importantfor severe weather and convection-induced turbulence
• Cloud typing can help in the determination of regionalinstabilities (e.g., wave clouds)
• Hyperspectral geostationary satellite data (GIFTS, GOES-ABI,and GOES-HES ) will allow for the enhanced detection ofinversions
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problems associated with problems associated with ConvectionConvection
• GOES, GIFTS, GOES-ABI, and GOES-ABS can be used toassess mesoscale regions of convective cloud development
• Quantification of convective clouds:– convective initiation; regions where this is or is not
possible– convective cloud growth & growth rates– areas of rapid thunderstorm growth– boundary-layer turbulence
• Simple models (Lagrangian) may be used to aid in nowcastingconvection and its initiation in the 0-2 h, and 2-6 h timeframes
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of problem of In-Flight IcingIn-Flight Icing
• GIFTS, GOES-ABI, and GOES-HES can be used to evaluatecloud temperatures with significant accuracy to aid inaviation weather forecasting
• Algorithms to detect microphysical phase in clouds:– supercooled water clouds versus all-liquid clouds– layered clouds
• Identification of the widespread low-level cloud regionsassociated with potential icing
• Help estimate timing of freezing drizzle events
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of Observing Weather over problem of Observing Weather over OceansOceans
• GOES, GIFTS, GOES-ABI, and GOES-HES can be used toassess weather on local and regional scales
• The quantification of clouds and accompanying weather:– convective regions– cloud bases and cloud tops– middle and upper level turbulence– satellite data to improve numerical forecast models– simulated satellite imagery with numerical models– contrails as tracers for regional turbulence
• Volcanic ash, smoke, dust and haze regions
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Infusing Satellite Information into the Infusing Satellite Information into the problem of NWP Enhancementproblem of NWP Enhancement
• Satellite data assimilation
• Simulation of satellite imagery by numerical models
• Improvement of input data for models (e.g., RUC, WRF,MM5)
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
What NCAR Product Development Teams What NCAR Product Development Teams might Benefit from Satellite Data?might Benefit from Satellite Data?
The Product Development Teams (PDT)s are:
• In-Flight Icing• Aviation Forecasts• Quality Assessment• Turbulence • Winter Weather Research • Convective Weather • National Ceiling and Visibility • NEXRAD Enhancements • Juneau Terrain-Induced Turbulence • Model Development and Enhancement• Oceanic Weather
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
What NCAR Product Development Teams What NCAR Product Development Teams might Benefit from Satellite Data?might Benefit from Satellite Data?
The Product Development Teams (PDT)s are:
• In-Flight Icing• Aviation Forecasts• Quality Assessment• Turbulence • Winter Weather Research • Convective Weather • National Ceiling and Visibility • NEXRAD Enhancements • Juneau Terrain-Induced Turbulence • Model Development and Enhancement• Oceanic Weather
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Current ActivitiesCurrent Activities• Certain SSEC/CIMSS satellite products (low-hanging fruit) deemed useful to the FAA PDT’s are already in progress
• All products will be converted to Unidata NetCDF format and compressed
• A dedicated ASAP server and web page are online to provide the FAA PDT’s a means for data sharing:
ftp://ftp.ssec.wisc.edu/asap/
• ASAP has provided an opportunity to organize the CIMSS/SSEC satellite products into one location in a unified format
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Product Platform Units Resolution Status SourceGlobalCloudMask
MODIS,AVHRR,variousGeostationary
Cloud mask(yes/no) forclouds over10K feet ,cloud toppressureestimates
0.1x0.1degrees
Betaversioncomplete
11 micronIR mosaicthrough DaveSantek
GlobalWinds
VariousGeostationary
Vectors 0.5x0.5degrees
Betaversioncomplete
GOES asciiproductsproduced byVelden et al.reinterpolatedto flight levels
CONUSCloudProducts
GOES-10/12Sounder,GOES-12imager, andMODIS 1km
Cloud toppressure,cloud mask,cloud phase,overlap
10 kmsounder, 4km onceimager, 1kmMODIS
InProgress
CIMSS cloudgroup viaSchriener etal., MODIS1km fromBaum et al
ConvectiveCloudMask
GOES-12,GOES-10
Cloud mask 1km InProgress
GOES-Usingbrightnessthresholdingand gradients
GlobalShear
GOES, MODIS Shear 0.5x0.5degrees
InProgress
Derived fromASAP Windsabove
Convectivesignature/automatedalgorithms
GOES Convectiveassessment
1 km Inprogress
GOES imagervisible and IR
Current Satellite ProductsCurrent Satellite Products
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Global Cloud MaskGlobal Cloud Mask
11 m channel satellite mosaic cloud mask for all clouds greater than 10,000 feet in altitude (Dave Santek et al.)
Data has low time latency and is a composite of Geostationary and Polar orbit satellites
Main user for the data would be the Oceanic Weather PDT
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Global Cloud Binned HeightGlobal Cloud Binned Height
11 m channel satellite mosaic cloud binned heights determined from temperature profile from GFS model
Future research include adding 6.7 m water vapor channel (common on most of the satellites) to improve cloud height determination accuracy
Main user for the data would be the Oceanic Weather PDT
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Global WindsGlobal Winds
Satellite derived winds (Velden et al.) are being interpolated to standard aviation flight levels.
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
CONUS Cloud Top PressureCONUS Cloud Top Pressure
GOES Sounder
Hourly
10km
CONUS
GOES-12 Imager
4km
30 minute
Eastern U.S
GOES cloud heights/mask needed by Ceiling-Visibility PDT
Fog?
Stratus?
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
MODIS 1km Cloud PropertiesMODIS 1km Cloud Properties
SSEC Direct Broadcast 1km MODIS Cloud phase (B. Baum and G. McGarragh) may be important to Icing and C/V PDT, disadvantage ~6 hourly resolution
Ice
Overlap
Mixed-Uncertain
Water
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Convective Cloud Mask Animation, 1900-1945 UTC, May 4, 2003 Red: Immature Cumulus, Green: Mature Cumulonimbus/Cirrus Technique uses 2-D brightness thresholds/gradients, 10.7 μm TB and 6.5-10.7 μm thresholds
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Preliminary CI Nowcasts, April 6th and May 4th, 2003 Red: Pixels with High CI potential, Grey: Cirrus Clouds
1445 UTC 1600 UTC 1945 UTC 2030 UTC
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Follow-on Work: 2004-2005Follow-on Work: 2004-2005
For ASAP there are clear avenues for new research. Much ofthis research is already occurring, and thus would only haveto be (re-)directed toward ASAP.
The following pages outline “new” and “potential” areas of(basic) research that will be fostered though the ASAP initiative,both at UW-CIMSS and UAH/MSFC.
Graduate student involvement in such efforts can connect themdirectly to NCAR scientists and national research endeavors.
The following pages outline active research area.
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Potential Satellite Products:
• Synthetic/Simulated Satellite Imagery• Enhanced 4-D Visualization• Use of AVHRR for Cloud Typing products• Microwave from POES satellites
• Improved “supercooled” cloud and fog detection
In-Flight Icing PDT
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Water/Ice Clouds and Snow/Lake Ice ABI Simulations (from MODIS data)
3-color composite (Visible/1.6 μm/8.5-11 μm)12 February 2001; 1627 UTC
UW/CIMSS
Vis/1.6m/8.5-11m
Water cloud
Ice cloud
Lake Ice
Snow
Super-Cooled
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES CLOUD PRODUCT & NWP MODELS (CRAS)
24 hr Forecast w/o Sat CTP & PW
24 hr Forecast w Sat CTP & PW
GOES-8 11m Image
•The NWP model is initialized with Sat. CTP & PW
•Prior to start of forecast, Sat. CTP is inserted at 3 hourly intervals
•With Sat. data positive impact is seen over the eastern Pacific and central part of US
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
New Satellite Products:
• Convective Cloud Information/Pattern Recognition and Trends• Convective Outflow Boundaries• Initiation Regions of Convection• MODIS 1 km water vapor bands for turbulence identification
• Wave Cloud detection (e.g., mountain waves)• Integration of wind, waves and ozone
• Exploit GOES Sounder Total Ozone (better with GIFTS)• GOES “true” water vapor
Turbulence
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Wave Patterns in GOES Imager Fields Correlated with Severe Turbulence
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES Winds as Applied to Jet Streak Detection, Region of High Horizontal Shear (Low Inertial
Stability) and High Vertical Wind Shear
40 to 10 kPa GOES Winds
95 to 70 kPa GOES Winds
High Shear Zone
Low Inertial Stability
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Potential Satellite Products:
• MODIS/GOES Cloud Properties….Ice Crystal Growth, Ice Clouds
• Synthetic/Simulated GOES Satellite Imagery• Duration of Frozen Precipitation
Winter Weather Research
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Diagnostics for Winter Convection
white contours diagnose forcing for upward vertical motion
colored contours indicate a layer of conditional instability
GOES-8 Visible image shows convection in southeast Wisconsin; thundersnow was reported
Where forcing and instability are co-located, convection may occur: green contours
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
5 March 2001 - Nocturnal Fog/Stratus Over the Northern Plains
GOES-10 4 minus 11 μm Difference ABI 4 minus 11 μm Difference
FogBoth images are shown in the GOES projection.
GOES-ABI (3.9 m)Based on GOES Imager Ch 2
For Fog, Snow, Cloud, and Fire detection
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
New Satellite Products:
• Cloud Typing• Automated Detection of Convective Clouds, Cloud Lines• Automated Detection of Convective Initiation• GOES Sounder (CAPE, LI, cloud top glaciation, Tskin, etc)
• Possibilities for detection of Elevated Convection • Lagrangian Model for CI Nowcasting• Incorporation of Lightning Data
Improved methods to Detection of Convective Initiation
Convective Weather
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Convective Initiation (CI) as Determined fromGeostationary Satellite Data: Precursors to CI
General CI Interest Field
Growing/Expanding Cumulus
Deep Precipitating Cb’s
Outflow Boundaries
Cirrus Shield (no interest)
ABL Rolls/Cumulus Lines
Sea-breeze Boundary
GOES-8 1 km visible imagery: 17:45 UTC 10 September 1999GOES-8 1 km visible imagery: 17:45 UTC 10 September 1999
ToweringCumulus
No CI Interest
OceanicCloud Lines
High-resolution cloud featuresHigh-resolution cloud features
Sea Breeze
ABL Rolls
CI Interest
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Severe Convection IR windows
25 February 2001The simulated ABI clearly captures the over-shooting (cold) cloud tops, while the current GOES Imager does not.
(Images shown in GOES projection.)
MODIS (1 km) GOES-ABI (2 km)
GOES-8 (4 km)
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES-ABI (1.61 m)Example of MAS 0.66 and 1.61 m
convective cumulonimbus surrounded by lower-level water clouds(King et al., JAOT, August 1996)
Ice Clouds
Water Clouds
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
New Satellite Products:
• 0.47 m Dust detection via MODIS• 11-12 m Dust from GOES• Cloud Base & Top Heights (Ceilings)• AERI for Fog Development
• Aerosol and dust detection for visibility• Enhanced cloud products (e.g., cloud base)
• Fog Product for Timing of Onset/Burn-off• Low Cloud Typing• Cloud Microphysics (ice versus water) for De-Icing• Potential for direct Visibility Assessments
National/Terminal Ceiling and Visibility
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
D C
B
A
Arc of Deforestation
1995
1997
1996
1998
1999
Longitude °W70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Longitude °W
70 60 50 40 30 20 10Longitude °W
70 60 50 40 30 20 10
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Overview of Fires, Opaque Clouds, and Smoke/Aerosol Coverage in South AmericaDerived from the GOES-8 ABBA and MACADA: 1995 - 1999
FIRES SMOKE/AEROSOLOPAQUE CLOUDS
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Potential Satellite Products:
• 4-D Visualization• GOES clouds and Simulated Satellite Data
• RUC collaboration• WRF collaboration• Satellite Data Assimilation through the JCSDA/SPoRT
Model Development and Enhancement
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
New Satellite Products:
• Port many existing Cloud, Wind and Turbulence Products• Locating Jets (Jet Streaks) with Imager Winds; Shear Zones• Sounder Water Vapor Winds• “CO2 Slicing” for Height of Volcanic Plume• Sounder Ozone• 0.47 m and Visibility; Aerosol and Smoke Detection• Turbulence and Convection• 8.5 m on MODIS for Volcanoes• Improved SST
Oceanic Weather
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES-ABI spatial coverage rate versus the currentGOES Imager: Example for 5 minutes
ABI coverage in 5 minutes GOES coverage in 5 minutesThe ABI may take full disk images every 15 min. + CONUS images every 5 min.
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
GOES-9 Detected Asian Dust Event Over Pacific, GOES Sounder Derived Winds Indicate Strength
and Intensity of Jet Advecting the Dust
Asian Dust Plume
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Aleutian Islands
Mt. Cleveland
MODIS 11m - 12m Brightness Temperature Difference MODIS 3.9m - 12m Brightness Temperature
MODIS views the ash plume from the eruption of Mt. Cleveland: 2310 UTC February 19, 2001
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
1. History, Purpose & Goals
2. Update: People & Projects
3. Satellite-Derived Products and the FAA Product Development Teams at NCAR
4. Overview: Current Activities–PDT Table
5. Follow-on Work
6. David Johnson
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Overview: Satellite Data per Scientific Overview: Satellite Data per Scientific Problem (i.e. PDT)Problem (i.e. PDT)
Table: PDT versus Satellite Products...
P
T
D
Clouds WinterWx OceanWx NWPIcingConvectionTurb/StabVisibility
IFI
AF/QA
TURB
WINT
CONV
NCV
OCEAN
MDE
John R. Mecikalski & Wayne F. FeltzCIMSS Seminar on ASAP 3 December 2003
Summary & ConclusionSummary & Conclusion
• NCAR/FAA PDTs will benefit by CIMSS/UAH providing a large number of already-available, and PDT-specific satellite-based products.
• NCAR/FAA PDTs will benefit by CIMSS/UAH providing expert knowledge on future satellite systems. This will minimize the time between launch of new sensors and their use.
• CIMSS/UAH, in conjunction with NOAA/NASA, have experience in developing satellite-based meteorological products.
• NCAR/FAA PDTs can direct satellite-based development; CIMSS/UAH can forge new basic research paths rooted in remote sensing technologies and data processing.