Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . .inside front coverPricing and Payment TermsDeliveryOur WarrantyReturn Policy
ReferenceAstronomy Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
CapabilitiesCoatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Lenses and Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Custom Optical Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Diamond Turning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43Double Sided Polishing and Grinding . . . . . . .44OEM Production Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . .44Post Polishing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45Quality Assurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
FiltersInfrared Bandpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46Infrared Longpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46Infrared Shortpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47Infrared Neutral Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47Neutral Density . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Optical Design DataOptical Design Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49Optical Materials Selection Guide . . . . . . . . . .55Test Plate List Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78Conversion Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79Glossary of Optical Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .80
Web Site Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .78
Thermal Imaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81Custom Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82Commercial Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
ProductsBeamsplitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
LensesAspheres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86CO2 Lense Protectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87Bi-Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .88
Barium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89Calcium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90UV Fused Silica/Fused Quartz . . . . . . . . .91Magnesium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92Potassium Chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Positive Meniscus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94Germanium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95Zinc Selenide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .96
Plano Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97Barium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98Calcium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99UV Fused Silica/Fused Quartz . . . . . . . .100Germanium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101Lithium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102Magnesium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103Zinc Selenide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
MirrorsConcave . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .105
Pyrex® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112Zerodur® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123Off Axis Parabolic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124Off Axis Parabolic-Adapter Plates . . . . .133On Axis Parabolic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134Plano Aluminum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13945 Degree Plano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141
Plano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142Pyrex® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155Zerodur® . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149
Prisms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158
WindowsBrewster Angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159
Calcium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160Zinc Selenide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
Plane Parallel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163Barium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164Calcium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165IR Fused Silica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167Germanium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .168Lithium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169Magnesium Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170Potassium Bromide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171Potassium Chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172Sodium Chloride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173Silicon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174Thallium Bromo-Iodide . . . . . . . . . . . . .175Zinc Selenide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176Zinc Sulfide Cleartran™ . . . . . . . . . . . . .177
Wedged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178
Table of Contents
1Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
IntroductionSince 1970 Janos Technology has specialized in thedesign, fabrication and coating of precision infraredcomponents and systems. We employ a combination ofthe most experienced optical and mechanical engineers,skilled craftsmanship, and state of the art equipment todeliver the highest quality products to our customersworldwide.
Our customers, including the finest research laboratories,defense contractors, industrial OEM customers, andspace science integrators, have relied on our manufac-turing capabilities and technical support to producehighly sophisticated components and systems for a widevariety of applications. Our capabilities include:
• Optical Design• Mechanical Design• Precision Optical Fabrication• Infrared Optical Coatings• Single Point Diamond Turning• Double Surface Polishing & Grinding• Assembly Design & Production• OEM Production Capabilities• Testing & Quality Control
In addition to our catalog, custom optical components,and system capabilities, we also offer a wide selection of infrared camera lenses for both OEM partners andindividual users. Many of these lenses are stocked forimmediate delivery.
Whether your application is a single catalog component,just in time delivery for production, or a sophisticatednew system we can provide you with the technicalsupport and quality products designed to meet yourspecifications.
Pricing and Payment TermsTerms of payment on open accounts are Net 30 Days.We accept C.O.D., Visa and MasterCard orders. Someinternational orders may require prepayment.
Prices and product specifications are subject to changewithout notice. Prices are FOB Townshend, VT and donot include freight, duty, insurance, and any applicabletaxes. Please check our web site for the most currentinformation on pricing, terms and conditions.
DeliveryIn stock items will be shipped within 24 hours of receipt(UPS and FedEx only). For items not in stock, anestimated delivery date will be acknowledged uponreceipt of order. Shipment will be by UPS unless thecustomer requests other arrangements.
Our WarrantyOptical components and accessories designed andmanufactured by Janos Technology are unconditionallywarranted to meet, or exceed the stated specifications,and to be free from defects in material or workmanship.Items found to be defective should be returned within 30 days of receipt, with an explanatory note and a returnauthorization number. (See return policy below.) We willrefund, repair, or replace the defective goods at ouroption. This warranty supercedes all other warranties;either expressed or implied, and does not coverincidental or consequential losses.
Return PolicyIt is our goal to provide complete customer satisfactionon all orders. In the event that a problem arises with anyproduct purchased, every effort will be made to resolvethe problem to your complete satisfaction.
Standard products ordered in error that have not beenused or damaged may be exchanged or returned for arefund. A restocking fee may apply. Any items withfactory defects will be repaired or replaced at noadditional charge.
Situations involving product damage of an indeterminatecause will be resolved fairly, with the customer’s needsforemost in mind. If you have an item you wish to return,please contact our sales staff for a Return MaterialAuthorization number (RMA). This will insure a promptand accurate resolution of the problem.
For technical assistance and product availabilitycontact our sales department at:
Janos Technology Inc.1068 Grafton RoadTownshend, VT 05353-9605
Phone: (802) 365-7714Fax: (802) 365-4596email: [email protected]: www.janostech.com
Janos Technology Inc.
To check prices or to download a current price list, please go to:
www.janostech.com/pricelist or call a sales representative at 802-365-7714.
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3Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—AMT3–5
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–5 microns for AMTIR-1
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for AMTIR-1 optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick AMTIR-1 substrate with AMT3-5.
Spectral Performance @ 3-5µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
AMT 3–5 Theoretical
Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Janos Technology Inc. offers the astronomer
0.75 - 5.5 micron infrared wavelength optics backed
by 25 years experience of design, manufacture,
assembly, and testing. Lens materials transmitting
in the atmospheric bands I, H, K, L and M, out to
submillimeter wavelengths are standard at Janos
Technology Inc. We offer a full line of products to
enhance your astronomical observations:
• 0.75 - 5.5µm infrared optics
• Lens design & optical engineering
• Beamsplitters & Compensators
• Thin film and multilayer optimized vacuum coating
• Testing: Interferometric, Spectrophotometric, MTF,
OTF, PTF and Surface Roughness (rms ≈)
• Lenses and Lens Assemblies
• Windows
• Mirrors
• Prisms
Astronomy Optics
2
Astronomy Optics
Atmospheric transmission bands in the 7.5 to 5.5 micron region
I J H K L M
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5Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1-5 microns for Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride Optics
Description An anti-reflectance coating for Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 1-5 micron spectral band. This broadband coating covers the astronomical bands “J” through “M.”
Application Mostly used on optics for astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick substrate with the AR1-5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 1-5µm:
Transmission: 96% average (with minimal water band absorption)
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface
Environmental This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—AR1–5
AR CaF 1–5
4 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—AR.8–2.5
Anti-Reflectance Coating at 0.8–2.5 microns for Calcium Fluoride, Barium Fluoride, Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics
Description An anti-reflectance coating for CaF2, BaF2, Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 0.8-2.5 micron spectral band. This broadband coating covers the astronomical bands “I” through “K.” These materials can be coated together in the same coating run.
Application Mostly used on lenses for astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick substrate coated with the AR.8-2.5 coating.
Spectral Performance @0.8-2.5µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1.0% average per surface
Environmental This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable.
Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
AR .8–2.5 Theoretical
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7Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Energy Laser Radiation Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1.064 microns for Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics
Description A high energy laser radiation anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 1.064 microns.
Application High Power YAG laser applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Fused Silica or BK-7 substrate with the AR1.064H coating.
Spectral Performance @ 1.064µm:
Transmission: 99% minimum
Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
Laser Damage Has sustained 500 MW/cm2 with a pulsed laser.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—AR1.064H
6 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1.064 microns for Fused Silica and BK-7 Optics
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Fused Silica and BK-7 optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 1.064µm.
Application Lower power YAG laser applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Fused Silica or BK-7 substrate with the AR1.064 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 1.064µm:
Transmission: 99% minimum
Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
Laser Damage Has sustained 100 Watts Continuous Wave.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—AR1.064
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9Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1-5 microns for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*)
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 1–5 micron spectral region.
Application Typically used on lens surfaces of infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
thick multispectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS1–5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 1–5µm:
Transmission: 94% average
Reflection: 3% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
*Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—C-ZnS1-5
ZnS Cleartran 1–5 Theoretical
8 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 0.8-2.5 microns for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*)
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Clear Multispectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 0.8-2.5 micron spectral region.
Application Typically used on lens surfaces in near infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick multispectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS.8-2.5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 0.8-2.5µm:
Transmission: 96% average
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable and will survive cryogenic temperatures.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
*Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—C-ZnS.8-2.5
ZnS Cleartran .8–2.5 Theoretical
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11Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Calcium Fluoride
Description A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Calcium Fluoride optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a Calcium Fluoride substrate with the CaF3–5NR coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3-5µm:
Transmission: >96% average @ 3.0–5.0µm
97% average @ 3.4–5.0µm
Reflection: 1% average per surface @ 3.0–5.0µm
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497.
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—CaF3-5NR
CAF2 3–5µm Theoretical
10 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Clear Multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide (Cleartran*)
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Clear Multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick clear multi-spectral Zinc Sulfide substrate with the C-ZnS3–5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3-5µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
*Cleartran is a trademark of Morton International.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—C-ZNS3-5
ZnS Cleartran 3–5 Theoretical
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13Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Germanium Optics
Description An anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick substrate with the GE2–5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 2-5µm:
Transmission: 93% average
Reflection: 3% average per surface
Environmental This coating withstands cryogenic temperatures and is laboratory cleanable.Performance
Notes A non-radioactive version of this coating is available upon request.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE2–5
Ge 2–5µm Theoretical
12 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 10.6 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 10.6 microns.
Application CO2 laser applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with the GE10.6 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 10.6µm:
Transmission: 99%
Reflection: 0.5% per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE10.6
GE 10.6µm Theoretical
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GE 7–14 Theoretical
15Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 7–14 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent
transmission performance in the 7 to 14 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Germanium substrate with Ge7–14.
Spectral Performance @ 7–14µm:
Transmission: 97% average @ 7–12µm
92% average @ 12–14µm
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface @ 7–12µm
3% average per surface @ 12–14µm
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—Ge7–14
14 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Highly Durable, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency, high durability, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium
optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2-5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Germanium substrate with the GE2-5NR coating.
Spectral Performance @2.0–5.0µm:
Transmission: 96% average.
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616,
Performance MIL-C-48497 & MIL-C-675:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion
or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to
MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE2–5NR
Ge 2–5µm NR Theoretical
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Ge 8–12 Theoretical
17Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency, Non-Radioactive Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8–12 micron spectral band.
Application Typically used on optics in Military thermal imaging systems that must be free of potentially detectable traces of radiation.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with GE8-12NR.
Spectral Performance @ 8-12µm:
Transmission: 97% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
Notes This coating does not contain any radioactive materials.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE8–12NR
16 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Highly Durable Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–5 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with the GE3–5NR coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 97% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616,Performance MIL-C-48497 and MIL-C-675:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Salt Spray: After exposure to salt spray fog continuously for 24 hours, the coated
surface shall show no evidence of deterioration such as blistering,
cracking, flaking or peeling and then subsequently pass abrasion
testing.
Abrasion: Severe abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion
or coating removal when abraded by an eraser. Conformity to
MIL-E-12397 for 40 strokes.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE3–5NR
Ge 3–5µm NR Theoretical
REFE
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19Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Diamond Like Carbon, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Germanium
Description An extremely durable, anti-reflectance coating for optical system exterior Germanium
optical surfaces, exposed to severe environmental conditions.
Application Exterior Germanium lens surfaces of thermal imaging systems and FLIR Systems,
that are exposed to severe environmental conditions.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating one side of a 1mm thick
Performance Germanium substrate with the GE8–12DLC coating and the second side with a high
efficiency coating such as GE8–12DNT or GE8–12.
Spectral Performance:
Transmission: 90% average @ 8–12µm
Environmental Call Technical Sales for further details.
Performance
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE8–12DLC
Ge 8–12 Theoretical
18 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Durable, High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Germanium
Description A durable, high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics,
providing excellent transmission performance in the 8–12 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Germanium substrate with GE8–12DNT.
Spectral Performance @ 8–12µm:
Transmission: 98% average @ 7.7–11.5µm
94% average @ 11.5–12.3µm
Reflection: 1% average per surface @ 7.7–8.0µm
0.5% average per surface @ 8.0–11.5µm
1.5% average per surface @ 11.5–12.3µm
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion
or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to
MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE8–12DNT
Ge 8–12 Theoretical
REFE
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ECa
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Ge 3–5 Theoretical
21Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–5 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with GE3–5.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE3–5
20 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–12 microns for Germanium
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 3–12 micron spectral region.
Application Thermal imaging systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with the GE3-12 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3-12µm:
Transmission: 92% average
Reflection: 4% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE3–12
Ge 3–12 Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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23Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1.55 microns for Silicon
Description A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for Silicon optics, providing
excellent transmission performance at the 1.55 micron spectral wavelength.
Application Telecommunications systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Silicon substrate with Si1.55.
Spectral Performance @ 1.55µm:
Transmission: >99%
Reflection: <0.5% per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—Si1.55
22 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Germanium
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating for Germanium optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8-12 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Germanium substrate with GE8–12.
Spectral Performance @ 8–12µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests as specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—GE8–12
Ge 8–12 Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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25Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–5 microns for Silicon
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Silicon substrate with Si3–5.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—Si3–5
Si 3–5 Theoretical
24 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Highly Durable, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 2-5 microns for Silicon
Description A high efficiency, high durability, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating for
Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 2 to 5 micron
spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Silicon substrate with the Si2-5NR coating.
Spectral Performance @ 2 to 5µm:
Transmission: 96% average.
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616,
Performance MIL-C-48497 and MIL-C-675:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion
or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to
MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—Si2–5NR
Si 2–5 NR Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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27Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 0.8–2.5 microns for Zinc Selenide optics
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 0.8–2.5 micron spectral region.
Application Near infrared thermal imaging systems and astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick ZnSe substrate with the ZnSe.8–2.5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 0.8-2.5µm:
Transmission: 96% average
Reflection: 1.5% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable and will withstand cryogenic temperatures.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe.8–2.5
ZnSe .8–2.5 Theoretical
26 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Non-Radioactive Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–5 microns for Silicon
Description A high efficiency, non-radioactive, anti-reflectance coating for Silicon optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3-5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Silicon substrate with Si3–5NR coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 97% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616, Performance MIL-C-48497, and MIL-C-675:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Severe Abrasion (No sign of deterioration such as evidence of abrasion
or coating removal when abraded by an eraser, conforming to
MIL-E-12397, for 40 strokes.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
Notes This coating does not contain any radioactive materials.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—Si3–5NR
Si 3–5 NR Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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ZnSe 3–5 Theoretical
29Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide
optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe3–5.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 98% average.
Reflection: 1% average per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe3–5
28 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 1–5 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 1–5 micron spectral region.
Application Typically used on lens surfaces of infrared imaging systems and astronomical applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe1–5 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 1–5µm:
Transmission: 93% average
Reflection: 3% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe1–5
ZnSe 1–5 Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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ZnSe 10.6 Theoretical
31Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 10.6 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A high efficiency anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance at 10.6 microns.
Application CO2 laser applications.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe10.6 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 10.6µm:
Transmission: 99% minimum
Reflection: 0.5% maximum per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 andPerformance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
Laser Damage Has sustained 310 KW/cm2 with no damage in 20 sites. Absolute threshold could not be determined due to laser power limit.
A non-radioactive version of this coating is available upon request.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe10.6
30 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3-5 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for
Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 3–5 micron
spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm
Performance thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe3–5NR.
Spectral Performance @ 3–5µm:
Transmission: 97% average.
Reflection: 1% average per surface.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular
coating and does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a
case by case basis. Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe3–5NR
ZnSe 3–5 Theoretical
REFE
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ECa
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33Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Efficiency Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A high efficiency, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8–12 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe8–12.
Spectral Performance @ 8-12µm:
Transmission: 98% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 or Performance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe8–12
ZnSe 8–12 Theoretical
32 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Broad Band Anti-Reflectance Coating at 3–12 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A broad band anti-reflectance coating for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the wide 3–12 micron spectral region.
Application Thermal imaging systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Zinc Selenide substrate with the ZnSe3–12 coating.
Spectral Performance @ 3–12µm:
Transmission: 92% average
Reflection: 4% average per surface
Environmental The coating is laboratory cleanable.Performance
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe3–12
ZnSe 3–12 Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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35Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Plano mirrors are total reflectors used in laser
cavities and in beam-steering and path-folding
applications. A plane mirror has one flat, highly
polished surface which is coated either with a
broadband coating such as chromium-gold,
protected silver or protected aluminum
(aluminum with a silicon monoxide overcoat) or
with a silver-dielectric multilayer coating
enhanced at some wavelength. The second
side of a plano mirror is fine ground.
Janos Technology offers standard plano
mirrors with single crystal Silicon (highest
thermal conductivity), Pyrex® or Zerodur®
(low thermal expansion material) substrates
and either uncoated or with one of the four
mirror coating types mentioned above. The
standard enhanced silver-dielectric coating is
for use at 10.6 µm at normal incidence. Designs
for other wavelengths and for non-zero angles
of incidence are available. Design assistance
and price quotation will be provided by our
engineering staff at your request.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors
34 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Efficiency, Non-Thorium, Anti-Reflectance Coating at 8–12 microns for Zinc Selenide
Description A high efficiency, non-thorium, anti-reflectance coating with moderate durability for Zinc Selenide optics, providing excellent transmission performance in the 8-12 micron spectral band.
Application Thermal imaging systems and FLIR systems.
Spectral Performance The following spectral transmission value is based on coating both sides of a 1mm thick Zinc Selenide substrate with ZnSe8–12NR.
Spectral Performance @ 8–12µm:
Transmission: 97% average
Reflection: 1% average per surface
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616 or Performance MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion Cellophane tape removal test
Abrasion Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature -80°F to +160°F (-62°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and
does not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call us with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Lenses and Windows—ZnSe8–12NR
ZnSe 8–12 Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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Protected Silver Theoretical
37Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Durable Protected Silver
Description An evaporated Silver coating with a durable protective layer.
Application Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 97% average from 0.5 to 2 microns
at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater than 98% average above 2 microns
at 0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Ag-DP
36 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Enhanced Silver Dielectric for 10.6 Microns
Description An evaporated Enhanced Silver Dielectric coating for High reflection at 10.6 Microns.
Application CO2 Laser Systems
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 99% at 10.6 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Ag-10.6
Enhanced Silver Theoretical
REFE
RENC
ECa
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39Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
High Reflectivity Aluminum
Description An evaporated Aluminum coating, without a protective layer, to achieve highest
possible reflectivity.
Application FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.25 to 1 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater that 95% average from 1 to 2 microns.at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental Best used in nitrogen purged or vacuum purged systems.
Performance Not wipe cleanable. To clean mirror surface, blow off with dry nitrogen only.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Al-HR
Bare Aluminum Theoretical
38 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Durable Protected Aluminum
Description An evaporated Aluminum coating with a durable protective layer.
Application Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.35 to 1 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater than 95% average from 1 to 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Al-DP
Protected Aluminum Al/SiO Theoretical
REFE
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ECa
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Protected Gold Theoretical
41Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Durable Protected Gold
Description An evaporated Gold coating with a durable protective layer.
Application Thermal imaging systems, FLIR systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 97% average from 0.75 to 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Moderate (No sign of deterioration such as scratches or streaks when
abraded with a dry, clean cheesecloth pad.)
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Au-DP
Protected Aluminum Al/MgF2 Theoretical
40 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
UV Enhanced Aluminum
Description An evaporated Aluminum coating, with a protective layer, that minimizes reflection
losses in the UV and visible spectral regions, while still providing excellent performance
in the infrared.
Application Thermal imaging systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 90% average from 0.25 to 1 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Greater than 95% average from 1 to 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Greater than 98% average above 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Abrasion: Laboratory cleanable.
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Al-UV
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43Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Janos Technology has extensive experience in the
diamond turning of non-ferrous metals, crystals and
polymers. Exotic infrared materials such as
Germanium, Calcium Fluoride, Cleartran, Silicon,
Barium Fluoride, Zinc Selenide, AMTIR, as well as
other unique materials are all within our capability.
With a variety of single point diamond turning
equipment, including the recent addition of a new
high speed Nanoform® 200 and Nanoform® 350,
we manufacture precision refractive as well as
reflective optics. Surface contours include
paraboloids, ellipsoids, hyperboloids, spheres,
binarys, flats, waxicons and axicons.
Although the limits vary from one configuration to
another, obtainable and verifiable surface accuracy
to 1/4 lambda per inch is achievable. Typical surface
roughness of 50 angstoms rms can be achieved,
depending on material and configuration. Post
polishing can further improve surface roughness for
certain applications.
Single Point Diamond Turning
For over 30 years Janos Technology has been
working with customers worldwide supplying
custom optical components. We have an impressive
product and service capability that is supported
by our in-house optical design and mechanical
engineering staff. Whether it is a single element
or a complex system, we have the experience to
solve the most complex challenges with innovative
solutions.
Our team approach can support your prototype
development from concept to completion. Once
the prototype design has been proven, we have
the capability and capacity to fulfill your volume
production requirements.
In addition to our experienced optical fabrication
staff, we also have extensive experience in
diamond turning, thin film coating and optical
assembly manufacturing. Our production capabilities
are supported by state-of-the-art testing and quality
control systems.
Call one of our technical sales representatives and
they will work with you and our estimating staff to
provide you with the most cost effective solution for
your project of production requirements.
CapabilitiesCustom Optical Fabrication
Gold Theoretical
42 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
High Reflectivity Gold
Description An Evaporated gold coating, without a protective layer, to achieve very high reflection
in the infrared.
Application Thermal imaging systems, FTIR systems, Scientific and Astronomical.
Spectral Performance Reflectivity: Greater than 98% average from 0.75 to 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence
Greater than 99% average above 2 microns at
0 to 45 degrees angle of incidence.
Environmental The coating passes the following environmental tests specified in MIL-F-48616
Performance and MIL-C-48497:
Adhesion: Cellophane tape removal test (As tested on a witness sample, as
the tape adhesive contaminates the coated surface, which cannot be
wipe cleaned.)
Humidity: 95%–100% relative humidity @ 120°F (49°C) for a duration of 24 hours.
Temperature: -80°F to +160°F (26°C to 71°C) for 2 hours at each temperature.
Coating is not wipe cleanable without scratching coating.
The coating performance specified herein is typical of this particular coating and does
not preclude adherence to other specifications on a case by case basis.
Please call with your specific requirements.
CapabilitiesCoatings—Mirrors—Au-HR
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The Janos Technology Quality Control Department
is involved in continuous quality improvement from
the receipt of an order, throughout the entire
manufacturing process, to the final testing and
packaging of the completed product.
Our quality control system was designed in
accordance with specifications of MIL-45208A
and calibration standard MIL-STD 45662.
Inspection of optical surfaces are performed
on state of the art equipment by trained
personnel before and after coating. Included in our
capabilities are:
• Non-Contact Profilometry
• Form Measurement Systems
• High Resolution Interferometric Testing
• Surface Roughness Measurement
• Transmittance Testing
• Reflectance Testing
• Environmental Testing
• MTF Testing
Our Quality Assurance Manager is available to work
with you on your quality requirements throughout
the entire process of manufacturing your
components and systems.
Testing and Quality Assurance
45Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Janos Technology has the capability to post polish
diamond turned mirrors and lenses.The diamond
turning process produces minute grooves in the
surface that will act like a diffraction grating surface.
Post polishing after diamond turning significantly
reduces scatter and diffraction grating effects in the
Near Infrared, Visible and UV areas of the photonic
spectrum.
A variety of reflective material are post polishable.
Our process will yield the following surface
roughness:
• Aluminum Aspheres (50Årms)
• Aluminum Spherical and Plano (30Årms)
• Copper (30 Årms)
• Electroless Nickel Plating (20 Årms)
• Copper-Nickel Alloy (30Årms)
Post polishing transmissive materials will yield the
following typical results:
• Post polished surfaces can be coated with Anti-
Reflectance coatings to increase transmission.
• Zinc Selenide (60 Årms)
• Cleartran® (60 Årms)
• Silicon (20Årms)
• Germanium (20 Årms)
• Calcium Fluoride (35 Årms)
• Barium Fluoride (35Årms)
• Polycarbonate (120 Årms)
• Acrylic (75 Årms)
CapabilitiesPost Polishing
Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Janos Technology has built a reputation over
30 years as being the company that manufactures
the difficult precision components to exacting
specifications.
We are proud of that reputation, but we are equally
as proud of the relationship we have developed with
our OEM Partners. Whether your needs are for
volume components or completed subassemblies,
Janos can work with you to fulfill your requirements.
We can work with you from the initial concept stage
with the support of our optical and mechanical
engineers. We can support your JIT delivery
requirements, including holding back up stock to fill
unexpected demand.
Talk to us, we will work with you to find the solution.
OEM Production Capabilities
Janos Technology has recently added new capacity
for double sided grinding and polishing. This new
capacity is very economical for high volume window
production. Savings can also be realized on lower
quantities depending on material and window size.
We also have the capability to produce single
surface mirrors back to back for even greater
economy.
We are able to produce a variety of window shapes,
circular, square, rectangle, octagonal, elliptical, and
irregular shapes in sizes up to 7.5 inches.
Surface flatness of 1/10th wave @ .6328 microns,
with parallelism of one second, and surface finishes
of 10-5 scratch-dig are achievable depending on
material and part size.
We have the capability to fabricate a variety of
materials including: Germanium, Silicon, Zinc
Selenide, Cleartran, Barium Fluoride, Calcium
Fluoride, Magnesium Fluoride, Fused Silica, BK-7,
Zerodur, Glass, Quartz, Sapphire, and Pyrex.
CapabilitiesDouble Sided Polishing and Grinding
44
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General SpecificationsDiameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm
Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm
Transmission Range to >2µ
Blocking Range to >12µ
Subtrates Single layer infrared materials
Cut Off Avg Trans. Blocking Part Number
3.0µ 70% OD3 FXSP-03003.5µ 70% OD3 FXSP-03505.0µ 70% OD3 FXSP-05005.5µ 70% OD3 FXSP-0550
Infrared Neutral Density Filters
General SpecificationsSize Tolerance ± 0.25mm
Thickness 1 mm ± 0.25mm
Design Wavelength 2 - 12µ
Subtrates Single layer infrared materials
6-PC Set Optical Density Tranmission Part Number Part Number1" Diameter 50mm Square
Y 0.15 70.79% FX90-0094 FX92-0094Y 0.30 50.12% FX90-0095 FX92-0095Y 0.50 31.62% FX90-0096 FX92-0096
0.70 19.95% FX90-0112 FX92-0112Y 1.00 10.00% FX90-0097 FX92-0097
1.30 5.01% FX90-0113 FX92-01131.70 2.00% FX90-0114 FX92-0114
Y 2.00 1.00% FX90-0098 FX92-0098Y 3.00 0.10% FX90-0099 FX92-0099
See Above 6 Piece Set As indicated FX90-0100 FX92-0100All 9 Filters As indicated FX90-0200 FX92-0200
General SpecificationsDiameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm
Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm
Transmission >50%
Subtrates Single layer infrared materials
CWL ±0.1µ FWHM ±30nm Blocking (OD3) Part Number
1.94µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP-01942.10µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP-02102.30µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP-02302.50µ 125nm UV - 3.5µ FXBP-02502.70µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-02702.95µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-02953.20µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-03203.46µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-03463.73µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-03733.91µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-03914.00µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-04004.26µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-04264.50µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-04504.70µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-04704.80µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-04805.25µ 150nm UV - >12µ FXBP-0525
Infrared Longpass Filters
General SpecificationsDiameter 25.4mm ± 0.25mm
Thickness 1mm ± 0.25mm
Transmission Range to >12µ
Blocking Range to UV
Subtrates Single layer infrared materials
Cut On Avg Trans. Blocking Part Number
2.5µ 70% OD3 FXLP-02503.0µ 70% OD3 FXLP-03003.5µ 70% OD3 FXLP-03504.0µ 70% OD3 FXLP-04005.0µ 70% OD3 FXLP-05005.5µ 70% OD3 FXLP-0550
Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
FiltersInfrared Shortpass Filters
47Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
FiltersInfrared Bandpass Filters
46
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49Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
I. Lens Formulae and Design AidsGeneral guidelines for choosing a particular lens type
for a specific application are given along with the
standard part tables in the followings sections.
Complete detailed optical design service for complex
optics or systems is available from Janos Technology.
Fees are often waived for products we manufacture.
Please call our engineering staff for further
information. Below we show calculations to
determine radii of curvature for a given spherical or
cylindrical lens type.
Shown on these sketches are the Effective Focal
Length (EFL), the Back Focal Length (BFL), the
Center Thickness (CT), [and the locations of the
element’s Principle Points (P1 and P2)].
The radii of curvature R1 and R2 refer to the left and
right surfaces respectively. R1 or R2 is positive
(negative) if the center of curvature is to the right (left)
side of the lens. The EFL is positive (negative) if the
focal point is to the right (left).
The lensmaker’s equation for a single element in
air is:
Here’s the index of refraction for the material at
the design wavelength. In most cases this can be
approximated by the Thin Lens Formula:
The BFL (the distance from the center of the second
surface to the focal point) may be found from:
Optical Design DataSpecifying Optical Components
The six lens types are shown below.
Plano Convex Plano Concave
Bi Convex Bi Concave
Positive Meniscus Negative Meniscus
Description 25.00mm Diameter 50.00mm Square Average Transmision
ND 0.05 XB193/25R XB193/50S 90.0ND 0.10 XB13/25R XB13/50S 82.0ND 0.20 XB194/25R XB194/50S 64.0ND 0.30 XB14/25R XB14/50S 50.0ND 0.40 XB195/25R XB195/50S 40.0ND 0.50 XB15/25R XB15/50S 30.0ND 0.60 XB196/25R XB196/50S 25.0ND 0.70 XB197/25R XB197/50S 20.0ND 0.80 XB198/25R XB198/50S 16.0ND 1.00 XB16/25R XB16/50S 10.0ND 2.00 XB17/25R XB17/50S 1.0ND 3.00 XB27/25R XB27/50S 0.1Set of Six XB28/25R and XB28/50S Consists of XB13,XB14,XB15, XB16,XB17 and XB27Set of Twelve XB199/25R and XB199/50S Consists of all NDs listed above in a given size
General SpecificationsDiameter Tolerance +0.00 / -0.50
Thickness Tolerance </= 3.0mm [+.00 / -.50]
Accuracy [± 0.05% of OD @ 550nm]
Neutrality [± 10% of OD @ 550nm
from 400nm – 700nm]
FiltersNeutral Density Filters
48 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Neutral Density Filters, Metallic TypeNeutral Density Filters are thin metallic coatings
deposited on quartz substrates. Used in a modular
fashion to achieve a required attenuation, they offer
flat response from 400 to 700 nm. The part number
system is similar to bandpass filters, with the
exception that the second set of numbers indicates
optical density. The six basic types listed can be
combined to produce densities from 0.1 to 7.0.
Here are two methods to calculate required output
by using combinations of neutral density filters:
• By addition of filter density;
e.g.: ND.3 (XB14) + ND 1.0 (XB16) = ND 1.3
• By calculating transmission;
e.g.: 30%T (XB15) x 10%T (XB16) = 3%T
Optical Transmission 25.4 mm Diameter 50.8 mm SquareDensity (%) Part No. Part No.
0.15 70.80 F3701-015 F3702-0150.30 50.00 F3701-030 F3702-0300.60 25.00 F3701-060 F3702-0601.00 10.00 F3701-100 F3702-1002.00 1.00 F3701-200 F3702-2003.00 0.10 F3701-300 F3702-3004.00 0.01 F3701-400 F3702-400
Box set of 7 filters F3701-000 F3702-000
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51Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
HyperbolaWhere R = Radius
K = Conic constant
e = Eccentricity
1/S1 + 1/S2 = 1/EFL
Optical Design Data
EllipseWhere R = Radius
K = Conic constant
e = Eccentricity
1/S1 + 1/S2 = 1/EFL
50 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Complex Aspheric SurfaceFor describing a special aspheric surface, please
use the following universal equation. This will
expedite our accurate response to your inquiries.
In this case the Z axis is parallel to the optical axis:
C = 1/radius of curvature and K = -e2, where e is the
eccentricity of the conic surface. The nature of the
conic surface depends upon the value of K:
K < -1 Hyperboloid
K = -1 Paraboloid
K > -1 Ellipsoid
K = 0 Sphere
K > 0 Oblate Ellipsoid
Supplemental Equations:C = 1/RWhere is the base radius
R = 2•f Where f is the foacl length of the asphere
K = -e2 Where e is he eccentricity of the asphere
Optical Design DataAspheric Data
ParabolaWhere R = Radius
K = Conic constant
EFL = Effective focal length
PFL = Parent focal length
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53Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
The situation is depicted in the figure to the left. The
plane of incidence is the plane of the page (i.e. the
plane formed by the incident ray and the surface
normal). Usually, we have two cases: the interface is
from air (or vacuum) to the substrate (n1=1<n2) or
from substrate to air (n1>n2=1).
The basic kinematic properties are:
Angle of reflection = Angle of incidence and
n1sin�1 = n2sin�2 (Snell’s law).
The basic dynamic properties are:
S—polarization
P—polarization
For normal incidence (�1 = 0) both the S and P
formula yield:
Brewster’s Angle, �B, is the angle of incidence for
which RP = 0 (i.e., the reflection is entirely S—
polarized), or alternatively TP = 1:
A Brewster Angle Window is depicted to the right:
Note that there are two surfaces which have to be
taken into account to calculate the transmission
through the window. The Brewster angle for the
second surface is:
Optical Design Data
The Sag (or Sagitta) of a spherical surface is an
essential value to calculate when determining the
edge and center thicknesses of a lens. Loosely
defined, the Sag is the thickness of material required
to accommodate a surface of given radius of
curvature with a given aperture (see figure below).
The Sag of surface (either spherical or cylindrical)
may be calculated from:
II. Comments on Polarization, Reflection and RefractionThe phenomena of reflection and refraction at
dielectric interfaces may be extremely important in
designing optical components. In general, different
polarizations of the incident radiation behave
differently under reflection and refraction.
While the formulae given below are most useful in
calculating the power reflection and transmission
co-efficients at uncoated surfaces of optical
components such as Brewster Angle windows,
prisms, and wedges, the concepts presented should
prove useful in understanding qualitatively the
effects of polarization state and angle of incidence
on coated optical surfaces whose design requires
specification of these parameters. These include
beamsplitters, non-normal incidence anti-reflection
coated optics and non-normal incidence enhanced
dielectric mirrors. The polarization state of a light
wave refers to the direction of the electric field
vector in the wave.
The polarization state is usually characterized as
parallel (German-“Parallel”) to the plane of incidence
(P-polarized); perpendicular (German-“Senkrecht”) to
the plane of incidence (S-polarized); or Random or
Natural Polarization (equal amounts of S and P
polarization—sometimes this is also called
unpolarized light). These are linear polarization
states. A light wave linearly polarized in some
general direction can be considered a sum of S and
P polarized fields having zero phase shift.
If there is a phase shift between the S and P
polarized components, the result is elliptical
polarization. If the S and P components have equal
amplitudes and the phase shift is exactly 90°, the
resulting wave is circularly polarized.
The amount of phase shift between S and P
polarized waves is obviously crucial to the design of
components such as retardation plates where it is a
result of crystal anisotropy. It can also occur in total
internal reflection and is crucial to the design of
some prism types (e.g. Fresnel rhombs) whose
function is to transform a linearly polarized beam
into a circularly polarized beam.
If you require assistance in designing “phase-
shifting” components, you may call us for more
information. On the following pages we present
results useful for calculating the power reflection
and transmission co-efficients for S and P polarized
incident radiation in terms of the indices of refraction
and incident angle.
52 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Optical Design DataSagitta
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55Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Optical Design DataOptical Material Selection Guide
Cesium Iodide CsI
Cesium Bromide CsBr
Lithium Fluoride LiF
Magnesium Fluoride MgF2
Calcium Fluoride CaF2
Barium Fluoride BaF2
Cultured Quartz SiO2
IR Fused Silica SiO2
Glass BK-7
Germanium Ge
Zinc Sulfide ZnS
Zinc Sulfide Cleartran™ ZnS
Zinc Selenide ZnSe
Sodium Chloride NaCl
Gallium Arsenide GaAs
Potassium Chloride KCl
Potassium Bromide KBr
Cadmium Telluride CdTe
Silver Chloride AgCl
Thallium Bromoiodide KRS-5
Silver Bromide AgBr
Silicon Si
UV Fused Silica SiO2
Silicon Si
Transmission range of select IR materials
AMTIR-1
Wavelength in Microns
.1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .7 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 20 30 40 50 70 100
54 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
The incidence angle �i2 on the second surface is, for
parallel surfaces, just the refracted angle �R of the
first surface. It follows then that if:
then:
So one automatically obtains an exact Brewster
angle incidence at the second surface.
The reflection and transmission co-efficients may be
used to design Brewster stack polarizers and in
general to calculate the effects of non-normal
incidence on different states of polarization.
Total Internal Reflection occurs at incidence angles
greater than or equal to that which yields an angle
of refraction greater than 90°. This only occurs if
n1 >n2. The angle at which this occurs �T is found
from Snell’s law:
All waves incident at angles greater than �T will have
no transmitted component.
Optical Design Data
Computer generated plots showing reflection and transmission (polarized) versus angle of incidence for various refractive index combinations.
Barium Fluoride can be used in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectral regions. Barium fluoride has
transmission above 90% between 0.25 and 9.5µm.
Barium Fluoride is half as hard as Calcium Fluoride and also more susceptible to thermal shock. However, it is
commonly used in cryogenically cooled thermal imaging systems. It is somewhat more expensive than Calcium
Fluoride and not as readily available in large sizes.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.15 to 12.5µm
Density 4.89 g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 18.1x10-6 /°C@20°C+/-100°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Polishes of 20-10 scratch-dig are mostly specified for use in UV and visible
applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a 40-20
scratch dig in the 0.75 to 3µm spectral region and 60-40 scratch-dig for the 3-7µm
area. BaF2 is diamond turnable.
Surface Figure Surface figure of a 1/10 wave to 1/2 wave @0.6328 µm are specified mostly on
lenses for ultraviolet and visible use. In the infrared, typical required surface figure
ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 waves @0.6328 µm depending on the system
performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for BaF2 include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5 µm, 3 to 5µm or
the 1 to 5µm spectral regions.
Typical Applications Cryogenically cooled thermal imaging, Astronomical, Laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters,
Wedges, Prisms.
Optical Materials Selection GuideBarium Fluoride (BaF2)
57Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.700 1.4662.152 1.4643.422 1.4594.000 1.4556.238 1.4427.268 1.433
10.346 1.396
Barium Fluoride
REFERENCEOptical M
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AMTIR-1 is a “glass like” amorphous material with a high homogeneity, that is able to transmit in the infrared.
AMTIR-1 is used for infrared windows, lenses, and prisms, when transmission in the range of .75-14µm is
desired. AMTIR-1 is not water soluble. The low thermal change in refractive index (72 x 10-6/°C) is an
advantage in lens design to prevent defocussing. The upper use temperature is 300°C.
AMTIR-1’s composition of Ge33As12Se55 makes it somewhat similar to Germanium in its mechanical and
optical properties. It is nearly as dense as Germanium but has a lower index of refraction, making it a good
option for color correction with Germanium in an optical system. AMTIR-1 peforms especially well in the
8-12µm spectral region where its absorption and dispersion are the lowest. AMTIR-1 optical grade material
is generally more expensive than Germanium.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range .75µm to 14µm
Density 4.4 g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 12x10-6 / °C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are 40-20 or 60-40 scratch
dig in the 1 to 7 µm spectral region and 60-40, 80-50 or 120-80 scratch-dig for the
7-14µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond Turned
surface finishes of 120 Angstroms rms or better are typical.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2wave to 2 waves
@0.6328 µm depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Mostly BBAR coated for use in the 3-5µm or 8-12µm spectral regions. Many other
specialized coating bands are possible between 1 and 14µm.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, FLIR, YAG laser systems.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prisms.
Optical Materials Selection GuideAMTIR-1 (Amorphous Material Transmitting Infrared Radiation)
56
Amtir 1
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Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.00 2.6062.00 2.5313.00 2.5194.00 2.5147.00 2.506
10.00 2.49814.00 2.483
Amtir 1
Calcium Fluoride can be used in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared spectral regions. Calcium Fluoride has a
transmission above 90% between 0.25 and 7µm.
Calcium Fluoride is twice as hard as Barium Fluoride and also less susceptible to thermal shock. However, it is
commonly used in cryogenically cooled thermal imaging systems. It is less expensive than Barium Fluoride.
CaF2 is diamond turnable
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.13µm to 7.0µm
Density 3.18 g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 18.85x10-6 / °C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Polishes of 20-10 scratch-dig are mostly specified for use in UV and visible
applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a
40-20 scratch dig in the 0.75 to 3µm spectral region and 60-40 scratch-dig for the
3-7µm area.
Surface Figure Surface figure: In the UV and Visible spectral regions, surface figure ranges from
1/10 wave to 1/4 wave @ 0.6328µm. In the infrared, typical required surface figure
ranges from 1/4 wave to 2 waves @ 0.6328 µm and are specified depending on the
system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Available coatings for CaF2 include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5µm, 3 to 5µm or the 1 to 5µm
spectral regions
Typical Applications Cryogenically cooled thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer
Laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters,
Wedges, Prisms.
Optical Materials Selection GuideCalcium Fluoride (CaF2)
59Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.0600 1.4282.0582 1.4244.0000 1.4105.8932 1.3878.2505 1.3449.4291 1.316
Calcium Fluoride
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Borosilicate Crown Glass is used for windows, lenses, and prisms where transmission in the range 0.4µm to
1.4µm is desired. The refractive index varies from about 1.53 to 1.5 through this range. It is used for thermally
non-critical applications.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.4-2.5µm
Density 2.51 g/cc
Thermal Expansion 7.1x10-6/°K @ -30° to +70°C, and 8.3x10-6/°K @ 20°C to 300°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish BK-7 polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or 20-10 scratch-dig are
achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications.
Surface Figure Surface figure of 1/10 wave to 1/4 wave @0.6328µm are specified mostly on lenses
for ultraviolet and visible use.
AR Coating Options AR @ 0.8-2.5µm, AR @ 1.064, AR @ Visible W.L.
Typical Applications Astronomical, Thermal Imaging
Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prism, Beam Splitters, Filters.
Optical Materials Selection GuideBorosilicate Crown Glass (BK-7)
58
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
0.4047 1.5300.4800 1.5230.5461 1.5190.6328 1.5150.8521 1.5101.0600 1.5071.5300 1.5011.9700 1.4952.3250 1.489
BK-7
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Germanium has the highest index of refraction of any commonly used infrared transmitting materials. It is a
very popular material for systems operating in the 3-5 or 8-12µm spectral regions. Germanium blocks UV and
visible light and in the infrared up to about 2µm. Its high index is desirable for the design of lenses that might
not otherwise be possible. Germanium has nearly the highest density of the infrared transmitting materials and
this should be taken into consideration when designing for weight restricted systems. Germanium is subject to
thermal runaway, meaning that the hotter it gets, the more the absorption increases. Pronounced transmission
degradation starts at about 100°C and begins rapidly degrading between 200°C and 300°C, resulting in
possible catastrophic failure of the optic.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 2 to 14µm
Density 5.33g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 2.3x10-6 /°K @ 100°K, 5.0x10-6 /°K @ 200°K, 6.0x10-6 /°K @ 300°K
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are 40-20 or 60-40 scratch
dig in the 2 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, 80-50 or 120-80 scratch- dig for the
7-14µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond turned
surface finishes of 120 Angstroms rms or better are typical.
Surface Figure Surface figure: In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2
waves @0.6328µm depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for Germanium include BBAR for 3 to 5µm, 8 to 12µm,
and the 3 to 12µm spectral regions. Many application specialized bands are
possible between the 2 and 14µm.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, FLIR.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical
Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges.
Optical Materials Selection GuideGermanium (Ge)
63Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.5 4.0463.0 4.0444.0 4.0258.0 4.007
10.0 4.00512.0 4.00414.0 4.003
Germanium
REFERENCEOptical M
aterialsSelection Guide
Optical grade Gallium Arsenide is an infrared transmitting, semi-insulating material. Special Properties: Gallium
Arsenide is nearly as hard, strong and dense as Germanium. It is commonly used in applications where
toughness, and durability are of great importance. It has a low absorption coefficient of 0.01cm–1 from 2.5 to
12µm. GaAs optical grade material is generally more expensive than Germanium and ZnSe. GaAs is Diamond
Turnable.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 2µm to 15µm
Density 5.31g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 6x10-6 /°K
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are 40-20 or 60-40 scratch
dig in the 2 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, 80-50 or 120-80 scratch-dig for the
7-15µm area, depending upon system performance requirements.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 waves @0.6328 µm
depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for GaAs include a BBAR for 3 to 5µm spectral region,
and a BBAR for the 8 to 12µm spectral region. Many other specialized bands are
possible within the 2 to 15µm spectral region.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, CO2 laser systems, FLIR
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Windows, Wedges
Optical Materials Selection GuideGallium Arsenide (GaAs)
62
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
4.0 3.30710.0 3.27814.0 3.251
Gallium Arsenide
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Potassium Bromide is used for windows and prisms when transmission to 26µm is desired. Potassium
Bromide is water soluble and must be protected against moisture degradation of polished surfaces.
The material cleaves readily, and can be used at temperatures up to 300°C. UV irradiation of Potassium
Bromide produces color centers.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.23µm to 25µm
Density 2.754 gm/cm3
Thermal Expansion 43x10-6/°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Generally 60-40 or 80-50 Scratch Dig in the Infrared.
Surface Figure Generally λ/20 @ 10.6µm
AR Coating Options Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelength of Use).
Typical Applications IR Spectroscopic components, beamsplitters, CO2 lasers.
Products Manufactured Windows, Lenses, Lens Protectors, Wedges, Aspheric Lenses.
Optical Materials Selection GuidePotassium Bromide (KBr)
65Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.440 1.5374.258 1.5356.692 1.5328.662 1.5299.724 1.527
11.862 1.52214.290 1.51517.400 1.50418.160 1.50121.180 1.487
Potassium Bromide
REFERENCEOptical M
aterialsSelection Guide
Fused silica is often used in near infrared systems performing in the 0.8-2.5µm spectral region. It is also
frequently used at the popular 1.064µm Nd:YAG laser wavelength.
The material has high homogeneity and good transmission in the visible and near infrared spectral regions.
Cost of the material ranges widely by type and purity. However the most common Fused Silica for infrared use
is quite a bit more expensive than Silicon and slightly less expensive than Calcium Fluoride or ZnS Multi-
spectral grade. Due to the materials inherently hard SiO2 amorphous structure, the material is not diamond
turnable. Typical specifications for surface quality in the near infrared regions are a 40-20 scratch dig.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.25µm to 3.5µm
Density 2.202g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 5.5x10-7 / °C@20 to 320°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Fused Silica polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or 20-10 scratch-dig are
achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/4 wave to 2 waves @0.6328µm
and are specified depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available infrared coatings are a BBAR from 0.8- 2.5µm and an AR coating
for 1.064µm wavelength.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer laser applications,
Nd:YAG laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Prism.
Optical Materials Selection GuideFused Silica (IR Grade) (SiO2)
64
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.0 1.438
IR Fused Silica
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Thallium Bromoiodide is widely used for optics when transmission to about 40µm is desired. KRS-5 is
relatively insoluble in water and may be used in cells in contact with aqueous solutions.
KRS-5 is superior to the simple Bromide and Iodide Salts in that it is much harder. The top operating
temperature is 200°C. The material does not cleave but will flow under pressure. The softness of the material
limits the optical figure and surface quality that can be achieved in fabrication.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.6µm to 40µm
Density 7.371 gm/cc
Thermal Expansion 58x10-6/°C
Surface Finish Generally a Low Scatter Polish for the Infrared (80-50 Scratch Dig).
AR Coating Options Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelegth of Use).
Typical Applications Attenuated total reflection prisms, IR windows and lenses.
Products Manufactured Windows, Lenses, Wedges, Prism, Aspheric Lenses, Beam Splitters.
Optical Materials Selection GuideThallium Bromoiodide (KRS-5)
67Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.0 2.3954.0 2.3826.0 2.3788.0 2.375
10.0 2.37112.0 2.36614.0 2.36416.0 2.35518.0 2.34820.0 2.34122.0 2.33224.0 2.32326.0 2.31228.0 2.30130.0 2.28932.0 2.275
Thallium Bromoiodide
REFERENCEOptical M
aterialsSelection Guide
Potassium Chloride is used for low cost CO2 laser optics and infrared windows, lenses, and prisms when
transmission in the range to 20µm is desired (transmission extends beyond that of Sodium Chloride).
Potassium Chloride is soluble in water and polished surfaces must be protected from moisture. Maximum use
temperature is 400°C.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.21µm to 20µm
Density 1.989gm/cm3
Thermal Expansion 36x10-6/°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Generally 60-40 or 80-50 Scratch Dig in the Infrared.
Surface Figure Generally λ/20 @ 10.6µm
AR Coating Options Moisture Protection (Specify Wavelength of Use).
Typical Applications IR Spectroscopic components, beamsplitters, CO2 lasers.
Products Manufactured Windows, Lenses, Lens Protectors, Wedges, Aspheric Lenses.
Optical Materials Selection GuidePotassium Chloride (KCl)
66
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.3573 1.4754.7146 1.4715.8932 1.4698.2505 1.463
10.0184 1.45712.9650 1.44314.1410 1.43715.9120 1.42618.2000 1.40920.4000 1.38922.2000 1.37424.1000 1.35226.7000 1.30028.2000 1.254
Potassium Chloride
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Magnesium Fluoride is used for optical elements in both the infrared and ultraviolet. Its useful transmission
range is from .19µm; to 6.5µm. The refractive index varies from about 1.48 to 1.3. Magnesium Fluoride is
a birefringent material and this aspect should be taken into consideration before selection of this material in
an optical design. Janos uses only VUV grade material, with the C-axis oriented to minimize birefringence.
Irradiation does not lead to color centers. This VUV material is the least susceptible to radiation induced
color centers.
Magnesium Fluoride is one of the lowest index infrared materials, second only to Lithium Fluoride. It is resistant
to thermal and mechanical shock. The material is twice as hard as Calcium Fluoride but only half as hard as
Germanium. Magnesium Fluoride is significantly more expensive than Calcium Fluoride and Barium Fluoride,
but usually not more expensive than Lithium Fluoride. Magnesium Fluoride is similar to Calcium Fluoride in its
resistance to water.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.121µm to 7.0µm
Density 3.177g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 13.7x10-6 /°C Parallel to C-axis
Coefficient 8.48 x10-6 /°C Perpendicular to C-axis
Surface Finish Polishes of 10-5, or 20-10 scratch-dig are achieved at extra costs respectively
mainly for UV applications. Typical specifications for surface quality in the visible
and near infrared regions are a 40-20 and 60-40 scratch dig in the 3 to 7µm range.
MgF2 is diamond turnable.
Surface Figure In the UV and Visible spectral regions, surface figure ranges from 1/10 wave to
1/2 wave @0.6328µm. In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from
1/2 wave to 2 waves @0.6328µm and are specified depending on the system
performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Magnesium Fluoride can be AR coated for use in the infrared but generally without
much improvement in transmission due to its low index of refraction and already
high transmission.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Excimer laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters,
Wedges, Prisms.
Optical Materials Selection GuideMagnesium Fluoride (MgF2)
69Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
0.114 1.78050.118 1.68000.130 1.55600.150 1.48000.170 1.44700.190 1.43100.300 1.40000.700 1.3760
Magnesium Fluoride
REFERENCEOptical M
aterialsSelection Guide
Lithium Fluoride has the lowest index of refraction of all the common infrared materials. LiF is slightly plastic,
and has a relatively high thermal expansion coefficient. It is also the most expensive of the Fluoride series of
crystals.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.121µm to 5.0µm
Density 2.639 g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 37x10-6 / °C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a 40-20 scratch dig in the
0.75 to µm spectral region and 60-40 or 80-50 scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area
depending upon system performance requirements. LiF is diamond turnable.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 4 waves @0.6328µm
depending upon system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options LiF can be AR coated for use in the infrared, but generally without much
improvement in transmission due to its low index of refraction and already high
transmission
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Excimer laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Wedges, Prisms.
Optical Materials Selection GuideLithium Fluoride (LiF)
68
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.0 1.3872.0 1.3793.0 1.3674.0 1.3495.0 1.3275.8 1.304
Lithium Fluoride
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73Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Fused silica is often used in near infrared systems performing in the 0.8-2.5µm spectral region. It is also
frequently used at the popular 1.064µm Nd:YAG laser wavelength.
The material has high homogeneity and good transmission in the visible and near infrared spectral regions.
Cost of the material ranges widely by type and purity. However the most common Fused Silica for infrared
use is quite a bit more expensive than Silicon and slightly less expensive than Calcium Fluoride or ZnS
Multi-spectral grade. Due to the materials inherently hard SiO2 amorphous structure, the material is not
diamond turnable. Typical specifications for surface quality in the near infrared regions are a 40-20 scratch dig.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.18µm to 2.5µm
Density 2.202g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 5.5x10-7 / °C@20 to 320°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Fused Silica polishes extremely well and polishes of 10-5, or 20-10 scratch-dig are
achieved at extra costs respectively, mainly for UV and visible applications.
Surface Figure Surface figure of 1/10 wave to 1/4 wave @0.6328 µm are specified mostly on lenses
for ultraviolet and visible use.
AR Coating Options Typical available infrared coatings are a BBAR from 0.8- 2.5 µm and an AR coating
for 1.064 µm wavelength.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, Astronomical, Microlithography, Excimer laser applications,
Nd:YAG laser applications.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Windows, Wedges, Optical Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Prism.
Optical Materials Selection GuideFused Silica (UV Grade) (SiO2)
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
2.0 1.438
UV Fused Silica
72 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
A semiconductor material that is commonly used in infrared optical systems operating in the 3 to 5µm spectral
band. The refractive index is near 3.4 throughout the range. Silicon is also useful as a transmitter in the 20µm
to 300µm range.
Silicon is used as a mirror substrate for lasers because of its thermal conductivity, light weight, and hardness. It
is also used for windows and lenses in the 1.2µm to 6.7µm range. Due to the strong absorption at 9µm, Silicon
is not suitable for use with CO2 lasers as a transmitting optic but is widely used for CO2 mirrors.
Silicon has one of the lowest densities of the common infrared materials making it ideal for systems with weight
constraints. The density of Silicon is only half that of Germanium, Gallium Arsenide and Zinc Selenide. Silicon is
harder than Germanium and not as brittle. Silicon is the lowest material cost option of all the infrared materials.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 1.2 to 7.0µm and from 25µm out to beyond 300µm
Density 2.329 g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 2.55x10-6 /°C@25°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are a 40-20 scratch dig in the
1.2 to 3µm spectral region and 60-40 scratch-dig for the 3-7µm area. Diamond
Turned surface finishes of 120Angstroms rms or better are typical.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical required surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 waves
@0.6328µm and are usually specified depending on the system performance
requirements.
AR Coating Options The most common anti-reflectance coating for Silicon is BBAR for 3 to 5µm. Many
other specialized wavelength bands are possible within the 1.2 to 7.0µm range.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, FLIR.
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary(Diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical
Beamsplitters, Optical Filters, Wedges.
Optical Materials Selection GuideSilicon (Si)
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.5 3.4842.0 3.4563.0 3.4364.0 3.4295.0 3.4266.0 3.4247.0 3.423
Silicon
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75Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Zinc Sulfide (ZnS), Regular Grade A Chemically Vapor Deposited (CVD) material , ZnS (regular) has good
imaging quality over the 8-12µm band. It also transmits in the 3-5µm band, but with higher absorption and
scatter. The material exhibits high strength and hardness, and good resistance to hostile environments. The
ZnS regular is 50% harder than ZnS, multispectral grade and twice and hard as ZnSe. ZnS regular does not
transmit well in the visible spectral region. It has the relatively low cost of about 2/3 the price of ZnS, multi-
spectral grade or ZnSe. Zinc Sulfide is mainly used for windows and lenses in the 8µm to 12µm range. The
reflective index is near 2.2. Zinc Sulfide is particularly strong and can be used for infrared windows in high
speed aircraft and vacuum applications.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 3µm to 12µm
Density 4.09g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 6.6x10-6 /°K @ 273°K, 7.3x10-6 /°K @ 373°K, 7.7x10-6 /°K @ 473°K
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the 3-12µm spectral region are 60-40,
80-50or 120-80 scratch dig depending upon system performance requirements.
ZnS regular is diamond turnable.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical surface figure ranges from 1/2 wave to 2 waves @0.6328 µm
depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for ZnS include BBAR for the 3 to 5µm and the 8 to 12µm
regions. Many other specialized wavelength bands are possible within the 3 to
12µm spectral range.
Typical Applications Thermal imaging, FLIR
Products Manufactured Products manufactured: Lenses, Aspheric lenses, Windows, Domes, Wedges
Optical Materials Selection GuideZinc Sulfide (ZnS)—Regular Grade
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.0 2.2923.0 2.2575.0 2.2467.0 2.2329.0 2.212
11.0 2.18613.0 2.15215.0 2.10617.0 2.045
Zinc Sulfide
74 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Zerodur® is used for mirror substrates where extreme thermal stability is desired. Its co-efficient of thermal
expansion is less than one percent of Pyrex®.
Property SpecificationDensity 2.53g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 0±0.10x10-6/°K from 0 to 50°C
Coefficient
Surface Finish Generally 20-10, 40-20, 60-40, or 80-50, Depending Upon Application.
Surface Figure Generally λ/10 @ 0.620µm, λ/4 @ .6328, λ/2@ .6328, or 1λ @ .6328,
Depending Upon Application.
Coating Options Protected Aluminum, Gold, Protected Gold (see mirror coatings section).
Typical Applications Astronomical.
Products Manufactured Plano Mirrors, Concave Mirrors, Convex Mirrors.
Optical Materials Selection GuideZerodur®
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77Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Additional MaterialsJanos Technology has an extensive experience base in the fabrication of a wide variety of standard and exotic
materials. The list of materials includes (but is not limited to) Spinel, Silicon Carbide, Aluminum, Titanium,
Stainless Steel, Copper,Copper Nickel Alloy, Electroless Nickel Plating and optical plastics. We are always
interested in developing fabrication methods for new materials. Contact us with your requirements.
Optical Materials Selection GuideZinc Selenide (ZnSe)
Continued from previous page.
Wavelength Index ofµm Refraction (n)
1.0 2.48903.0 2.43804.0 2.43305.0 2.43007.0 2.42209.0 2.4120
10.6 2.402811.0 2.400013.0 2.385015.0 2.367017.0 2.3440
Zinc Selenide
76 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Zinc Selenide is used for infrared windows, lenses, and prisms where transmission in the range 0.63µm to
18µm is desired. Zinc Selenide has a very low absorption co-efficient and is used extensively for high power
infrared laser optics. It is non-hygroscopic.
Zinc Selenide is a relatively soft material and scratches rather easily. The low absorption of the material avoids
the thermal runaway problems of Germanium. Zinc Selenide requires an anti- reflection coating due to its high
refractive index if high transmission is required. ZnSe has a fairly low dispersion across its useful transmission
range.
Zinc Selenide, a chemically vapor deposited material, is the material of choice for optics used in high power
CO2 laser systems due to its low absorption at 10.6µm. However it is also a popular choice in systems
operating at various bands within its wide transmission range. ZnSe has a high resistance to thermal shock
making it the prime material for high power CO2 laser systems. ZnSe however is only 2/3 the hardness of ZnS
multi-specral grade but the harder anti-reflectance coatings do serve to protect ZnSe. Zinc Selenide’s cost is
about the same as ZnS multi-spectral grade and is generally more expensive than Germanium.
Property SpecificationTransmission Range 0.6µm to 16µm
Density 5.27g/cm3
Thermal Expansion 7.1x10-6 /°K @ 273°K, 7.8x10-6 /°K @ 373°K, 8.3x10-6 /°K @ 473°K
Coefficient
Surface Finish Typical specifications for surface quality in the infrared are 40-20 or 60-40 scratch
dig in the 0.8 to 7µm spectral region and 60-40, 80-50 or 120-80 scratch-dig for the
7 to 16µm area, depending upon system performance requirements. Diamond
Turned surface finishes of 150 Angstroms rms or better are typical.
Surface Figure In the infrared, typical required surface figures range from 1/2 wave to 2 waves
@0.6328 µm depending on the system performance requirements.
AR Coating Options Typical available coatings for ZnSe include BBAR for 0.8 to 2.5µm, 3 to 5µm,
1 to 5µm, 8 to 12µm, and the 3 to 12µm spectral regions and single wavelength
coating AR at 10.6µm. Many other specialized wavelength bands are possible within
the 0.6 to 16µm range.
Typical Applications CO2 laser systems, Thermal imaging, FLIR, Astronomical, Medical
Products Manufactured Lenses, Aspheric Lenses, Binary (diffractive) Lenses, Windows, Optical
Beamsplitters and Optical Filters, Prism.
Optical Materials Selection GuideZinc Selenide (ZnSe)
Continued on next page.
REFERENCEOptical DesignInform
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Optical Design Information
79Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
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For the latest in new products, technical support
and industry news, visit us online. Our web site is
designed to keep you up to date with the latest in
new product development, new capabilities and
news about Janos Technology.
• Online Catalog
• Optical Filters
• Infrared Camera Lenses
• Online Order Form
• Online RFQ Form
• Coating Specifications
• Optical Materials Guide
• Test Plate Download
• Overrun Specials
• Technical Information
To check prices or to download a current price list,please go to:www.janostech.com/pricelist
or call a sales representative at 802-365-7714.
78 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
Janos Technology maintains an extensive inventory
of test plates. Test plate fitting during the optical
design phase can significantly reduce tooling costs
and improve delivery.
The availability of our test plates covers a full range
of spherical radii with a tolerance of ± 0.01%.
Our test plate list can be downloaded from our
website at www.janostech.com. The list is available
in a variety of formats. Zemax, WordPerfect, and
Microsoft Word as well as ASCII file are all available.
In addition, printed versions as well as floppy disk
files can be requested by contacting your technical
sales representative.
Optical Design InformationTest Plates
Website Informationwww.janostech.com
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REFERENCETherm
al Imaging
When choosing a lens supplier for yourThermal Imager, ask yourself:
Are you getting the whole picture?Our optical designs are completed using Anti-
Vignetting technology to ensure that the image fills
your Infrared detector from corner to corner. You will
not get dark or faded corners in your image. Optics
by Janos will maximize your cameras full potential.
Do you have a choice on wavelength, focal length,and F#?We offer a wide variety of optics to work with most
of the available Infrared Thermal Imagers and
applications. New lines of lens assemblies are being
designed all the time, so call and ask if you don’t
see your ideal lens listed among our standards.
Are you getting a lifetime warranty on the mount?With the optic being a critical element to your
Thermal Imager, you can be sure that the mount we
supply will be the least of your worries. If a Janos
mount fails to hold your lens as designed, we shall
replace it with no questions asked.
Are you getting state of the art designs for the imagers of today?As Thermal Imagers evolve, so should the optics
used with them. We have an on going effort to
improve performance and cost of our lens
assemblies. A standard lens today could be
obsolete in a year, replaced by a more optimal
designed lens assembly.
Can you customize standard lenses without excessiveNRE charges?If your application requires a change to our standard
design, we will work with you to develop the most
accommodating layout. You will not have to pay the
price of custom system for modifications.
Can you get strategic inventory planning for smallbusiness & OEM’s?We want to develop a strategic partnership to help
you succeed, and in turn help us to succeed. We
want to hear your plans and work out the best
strategy to provide lens assemblies when you need
them, and within your budget.
Are you getting timely responses to questions?You will have questions, and we have the answers.
We’ll even share them with you.
Do you have access to the engineering staff?Our sales staff is courteous and well informed, but
we know they don’t have all the answers. Our
engineering staff is in constant communication
with customers, providing first hand answers to
your most technical questions.
Do you feel appreciated and respected?We know you have a choice, and we appreciate
your business. We have the firm belief that the sale
is not complete until you receive the product. Our
communications will continue until we know that you
are satisfied with your purchase. We will do the best
we can to be your primary source for Infrared lens
assemblies.
…at Janos Technology, you will.
81Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Thermal ImagingWho’s Looking Out For You?
REFE
RENC
EOp
tical
Des
ign
Info
rmat
ion
Aberration: A defect in the image forming capacity of a lens.
Absorbance: The ability of a medium to absorb radiation dependanton temperature and wavelength. Stated as a negative logarithm ofthe transmittance.
Afocal: Without a focal length. An optical system with its object andimage point at infinity.
Angstrom (Å): A unit of measure for a wavelength of light equal toten one billionths of a meter.
Aperture: An opening in an optical system that limits the amount oflight passing through the system.
AR coatings: Anti-Reflection coatings. Coatings designed toenhance the transmission of an optic by reducing loss due toreflected light off the surfaces.
Axis/Optical Axis: The optical center-line of a lens or system. Theline passing through the centers of curvature of the optical surfacesof a lens
Beam Diameter: The diameter of that portion of the beamcontaining 86% of the output power.
Beam splitter: A device that optically splits a laser {or other} beaminto two or more beams.
Brewster Angle Window: A window set at brewster’s angle withrespect to incoming radiation. The result is that P polarized light willnot be reflected while most of the S polarized light is reflected. Thelight transmitted will be mostly P polarized.
Coherent light: Light or radiation composed of wave trainsvibrating in phase with each other. Parallel rays of light
Collimated light: Divergent light rays rendered parallel by means ofa lens or other device allowing a sharper image of an object to befocused at the focal plane.
Complex Lens: An assembly consisting of several compoundlenses.
Compound lens: An assembly consisting of more than one simplelens elements.
Concave: A solid curved surface similar to the inside surface of asphere.
Convergence: The bending of light rays towards each other as by apositive [convex] lens.
Convex: A solid curved surface similar the outside surface of asphere.
Diffraction Limited lens: A lens having negligible residualaberrations.
Divergence: The angle at which a beam spreads in the far field.The bending of rays away from each other as by a negative[concave] lens.
Effective Focal Length: The effective focal length [EFL] of a lens isthe distance from the principal point to the focal point
F/number: The focal length divided by the diameter of the axialbeam on the entrance pupil when the object is at infinity. F/# = f/d
Fluorecence: The glow induced in a material when bombarded bylight of radiation.
Focus: The spot where the wavefront originating at a point on thesource is converged to form a point image.
Hyperfocal: The distance at which a lens may be focused toproduce satisfactory image quality over an extended range of objectdistances.
Image: The likeness of an object produced by an optical system orlens.
Incident light: A ray [or rays] of light that strikes an optical surfaceor other object. The angle of incidence is the angle made by thestriking beam from perpendicular.
Joule: One watt per second. Generally used as a measure of laseroutput.
Lens: A component that converges or diverges an incidentwavefront.
Meniscus Lens: A lens with one side convex and the otherconcave.
Nanometer [nm]: Unit of length. One billionth of one meter.
Objective Lens: The component in a lens system initiallyresponsible for collecting light from the source or object andforming an image of it.
Photon: The elemental unit of light, having wave and particlebehavior. It has motion, but no charge or mass.
Polarization: As regards light radiation; The restriction of thevibrations of the magnetic or electric field vector to a single plane.
Power Density: The amount of radiant energy concentrated at apoint.
Pulse energy: The amount of energy contained in a single, pulsedemission from a laser programmed for pulsed operation. Pulsedenergy can be several times greater than CW emissions.
Radian: An arc in a circle equal to the radius in length. [An angle of57.3° at the center or a circle, formed by 2 radii cutting off such anarc—thus 1 radian = 57.3°].
Radiant energy: Energy traveling as wave motion. Specifically, forelectromagnetic waves.
Reflectance: The return of radiant energy by a surface.
Refraction: The bending of incident rays as they pass from onemedium to another.
Resonator: A volume, bound at least in part by highly reflectivesurfaces, in which light of particularly discrete frequencies can setup standing wave modes of low loss.
Spectral Response: The response of a device to material or tomonochromatic light as a function of wavelength.
Transmission: The passage of radiant energy through a medium.
Transmittance: The ratio of transmitted radiant energy to incidentradiant energy.
Wave: The undulation or vibration [a form of movement] by whichall radiant energy in the electromagnetic spectrum is thought totravel.
Wavelength: The length of the light wave, which determines it’scolor. Common units of measurement are; angstroms, nanometersor microns.
Window: A piece of material with plane parallel surfaces which maybe used to transmit, reflect or block all or part of a beam.
Optical Design InformationGlossary of Optical Terms
80 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
REFE
RENC
ETh
erm
al Im
agin
gREFERENCE
Thermal Im
aging
83Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • [email protected]
Janos Technology carries the following standard
lines of Thermal Imaging lenses, in a variety of focal
lengths and wavelengths. Options range from wide
field of view, short focal lengths to narrow field of
view, long focal lengths, as well as dual field of view.
Lenses are focused either manually or motorized
depending on the model. Contact us for more a
complete list of focal length options, and to verify
that our lens is compatible with your Thermal
Imager.
Thermal ImagingCommercial Lenses
Let us sharpen your image!
ASIO 3µ–5µ F/2.3
STRIX 8µ–12µ F/1.4
VARIA8µ–12µ F/2
NYCTEA 1.5µ–5µ F/2.3
ALBA3µ–5µ F/4
TYTO8µ–12µ F/1
SURNIA8.0µ–12µ F/0.86
Mounts andAccessories
82 Janos Technology • 802-365-7714 • For a price list, please go to: www.janostech.com
If the optimal lens for you is not part of our standard
lines, Janos Technology can do a custom design to
your specifications. The engineers at Janos can also
work with you if you have your own optical design.
Janos Technology has been designing and
manufacturing lens assemblies as small as a few
millimeters in diameter, up to 24" in diameter. Contact
us to discuss how we can best meet your need.
Thermal ImagingCustom Systems