Introduction to Water Safety Planning and Initiatives
Engr. Bonifacio Magtibay, Technical OfficerEnvironmental Health, WHO-Philippines
26-28 July 2016Catarman, Northern Samar
Background
Principles of WSP
Overview of Steps in Developing WSP
Progress of WSP in the Philippines
Outline of presentation
Evolution of WHO GDWQ
19581963 1971 1984 1993 2004
International
standards
1st Edition
2nd Edition
3rd Edition
Water safety
planning
approach
2011
4th Edition
Test water quality from the tap
Testing is done to comply with Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) as mandated by the Sanitation Code.
Certificate of potability is issued based on PNSDW as required by the Sanitation Code
Traditional approach
Notification comes too late E.g Walkerton, Canada, 7 dead and 2,500 ill (Year 2000)
Water was being tested for bacteriological, physico-chemical parameters; fake results on contamination
Test results - too late to respond
Jailed 2 staff of water utility for “common nuisance”
Testing/standards are narrow E.g. Milwaukee, USA, 400,000 ill of Cryptosporidiosis with
104 deaths (1993)
Water complied with US standards
No testing/standards for Cryptosporidium (chlorine-resistant parasite)
Problems with the traditional approach
• Why testing from the tap is not enough?
• Reactive – problem has already occurred
• Sampling takes time for some parameters
• Response delayed if found positive
6
Water becomes contaminated
Water consumedWater tested
Test results
Not only relying on water quality from the tap as basis for interventions
More emphasis on monitoring control measures at different parts of the water systems (source, treatment, storage, pipelines)
Water quality from the tap is used to verify if the water system is working
WHO GDWQ 3rd Edition - New approach on drinking water safety
A new approach: Water Safety Plan
- a management tool
- uses a comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach encompassing all steps in water supply
- from water source to consumer (household).
Risk management approach to water quality management thru water safety planning
WaterSource
Risk assessment: Formation of water safety plan team, system
description, identification of hazards, assessment of risks,
evaluation of existing control measures
Risk management: Improvement of control measures,
Operational Monitoring, Preparation of SOPs, Verification,
Support Programs, Review and revision of Water Safety Plan
HHWater
TreatmentStora
ge
Prevent the risks caused by environmental hazards
Remove or eliminate the risks
Reduce the risks to a tolerable level
Objectives of Water Safety Plan
Water Safety Plans simplified
Continuous cycle
What are the risks?
How do we control the
risks?
Source: Netti et al. 2005
3. How do we
know
If the risks
are under control?
Process ControlH
azard
s
Watershed Consumer
Consumers
Supplier
Final
Output
WQ
Initial
Input
WQ Barrier1
Output
WQ Barrier2
Input
WQ
Output
WQ Barriern
Input
WQ
Process Control
Consumers
Supplier
Hazard
s
Watershed Consumer
Final
Output
WQ
Initial
Input
WQ Barrier1
Output
WQ Barrier2
Input
WQ
Output
WQ Barriern
Input
WQ
Can improve day-to-day risk management
Can develop skills and capacities of water supply service providers
Can improve cooperation and coordination with experts and stakeholders
Can reduce a fraction of the burden of diseases related to poor water quality
Can influence sanitation behavior change
Office of the WHO Representative in
the Philippines15
Benefits of the WSP approach
11 Steps in 5 Stages of WSP
II. System Assessment
I. Preparation
III. Monitoring
IV. Management & Communication
V. Feedback
Assemble Team
Module 1 Describe the water
supply system
Module 2
Identify the hazards
& hazardous events
and assess the risks
Module 3
Determine &
validate control
measures, reassess
& prioritize risks
Module 4
Develop, implement
and maintain an
improvement plan
Module 5
Define monitoring of
control measures
Module 6
Verify effectiveness of the
WSP
Module 7
Prepare
Management
Procedures
Module 8
Develop supporting
Programmes
Module 9
Plan & carry out
Periodic WSP
Review
Module 10
Revise WSP after an
incident
Module 11
Simplified WSP Steps
Task 2 – Describe the community
water supply
Task 3 – Identify hazards, risks and control measures
Task 4-Develop
improvement plan
Task 5- Develop monitoring and
verification plan
Task 6-Document procedures, review and revision of WSP
Task 1-Engage the Community
WSP Processes
Orientation,
Training,
Capacity devt
WSP review
& approval
WSP Auditing
WSP development
WSP implementation
WSP Updating
WSP Monitoring
-Stages of WSP devt &
implementation
WSP External
Assessment
Coaching
and mentoring
WSP Initiatives in the Philippines
Training on how to develop WSP> 500 water utilities> 2,000 participants
WSP development-65 completed-27 being drafted
WSP External Assessment
- 7 water utilities
Policy development-National Policy on WSP
-Implementing guidelinesBy Dec 2016
- 92 WSPs-Certification of
Trainors-Accreditation of
Training Institutions-WSP Auditing training- Bill for Safe Drinking
Water Act
2008-2016-2030 (SDG)
LGU water quality monitoring system
WSP Models: Concessionaires, WD, LGU-managed, community-managed, WRS
2016 Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water
Projects supporting WSPs in the Philippines
- Water Quality Partnership Project (AusAID) (2006-2016)
- Pro-Water Project (SDGF) (2014-2016)
- Be Secure Project (USAID) (2013-2016)
- Salintubig Project (DILG) ( 2016-onwards)
Pro- Water Project Activities
Training on Water Safety Planning
(July-September 2016)
Coaching and Mentoring for Water Safety Plan Development
(August-December 2016)
Targets:
10 LGU water safety plans
10 community water safety plans
Coaching and Mentoring for Water Safety Plan Development
Tapping the Rhubs to provide technical assistance to LGUs and communities
Oversight technical support by WHO and DOH
Ideal LGU or Barangay for Water Safety Planning and Integrated WASH
WaterSource
Day care
School HH
-RHU-BHS
HHWASH
WASH
WHO materials related to WSP
WSP Training Workbook, 2008WSP Training Manual, 2012
WSP for Small Community, 2012
WSP Manual, 2009
WSP Quality Assurance Tool, 2012Water Safety in Distribution
System, 2014