INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS
& RADIATION EFFECTS
J.P. Saraiva (CERN R2E Project)
October 14, 2014R2E & Availability
Workshop
OBJECTIVES
• GOAL: Combine Infrastructure Related Information from Several Experts -> LHC + Injector Chain;
• RADIATION ENVIRONMENTS:-> IR3/7 will be treated in Session-3
(Thursday)-> Equipment in REs, more details in G.
Spiezia talk-> Other Areas of Concern:
- Radiation Levels Today and in the Future (F. Cerutti);
- Experience from the Injector Chain (J. Saraiva).
• AT THE END:Do we miss out on anything related to
infrastructure?All the future requirements were taken into
account?
OUTLINE
1. Lighting & Power[EN-EL, James Devine,…]
2. Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV, Helmut Jena,…]
3. Safety Alarm System & Detection System [GE-ASE, Silvia Grau,…]
4. Mobile/Radio Services, Network & Wifi, Indoor Localization System
[IT-CS, Frederic Chapron,…]
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
• EL SCADA (RTU + RIO) Electrical Supervision
• 48V DC Electrical Systems [LHC (RE)]
• UPS Systems [LHC (RE)]
• Systems to be replaced:• Emergency Lighting System (SOX lights)
• Electronic Circuit Breakers (Vigirex 99M 30mA) [SPS]
• Autonomous Emergency Lights [nTOF]
Lighting & Power [EN-EL]
Tested Systems(CNGS or similar)
[LHC (RE)]
• Standard Fluorescent lighting & ferromagnetic ballasts[CERN Accelerator Complex]
(end-of-life for the technology) Replacement by a radiation resistant alternative:
Current state of the art alternatives are based on SMPS technology (poor radiation performance).
• Emergency SOX Lights: To be replaced by the new LED lighting luminaires:
- Gamma irradiation test (100 kGy): reduction to 40%of the nominal flux.- Displacement Damage test possibly more severe.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Lighting & Power [EN-EL]
• Mercury Halide Lamps: [Halls & Experimental Caverns](Manufacture restricted for environmental reasons +
end-of-life for the technology) To be replaced by high power LED panels, supplied
by SMPSto be installed in shielded locations.Further irradiation testing of these items is a priority.
• UPS Systems: [LHC (RE)] Upgraded during the LS1 to increase reliability
and resilience to SEU
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Lighting & Power [EN-EL]
• Emergency Lighting 110V Surface Systems: [SPS] (End of life)
(P.Supplies on surface + Incandescent lights every ~40m around the SPS)
To be replaced -> Requires intervention in radioactive areas
• Electronic Circuit Breakers (Vigirex 99M 30mA) [SPS] (Plastic parts destroyed (fracture of mechanical parts))
To be replaced with non-electronic equivalent,ideally re-located away from highly radioactive areas
• Autonomous Emergency Lights (Aprotec, 8W) [nTOF](Failing in some areas)
Replacement with centrally supplied LEDs
Lighting & Power [EN-EL]
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Priority activities
Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV]
• Temperature, Humidity & Pressure Sensors not affected by radiation.
• Sensors wired through long distancesto the transmitters:
Temperature
PT100 Sensors
Radiation HardHumiditySensors
PressureSensors
Transmitters
Control Cubiclein Safe Areas Radiation Areas
70 m
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
Cooling Ventilation [EN-CV]
• Design of the latest ventilation/cooling systems takes R2E aspects into consideration:
- Hard wiring (detector -> transmitter, in safe zone);- Safe locations;- Non-sensible actuators;- Maximum reduction of equipment…
• Lots of efforts taken to shield and relocate equipment during the LS1:
No failures expected thanks to LS1mitigation measures of controls
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring (CSAM) [GS-ASE]
[Alarms-of-level 3 Transmission of alarms to fire brigade]
• PLCs and SCADA network located at the surface.
[Oxygen Deficiency Hazard (ODH) monitoring system and gas detection, fire detection, red telephones, emergency evacuation, accesses (PAD,
MAD)]
• Detectors: suffer from Dose Effects, e.g. ODH detectors changed more and less each 4 years -> Dose lifetime to be checked(no problems of SEE -> electronics already relocated to the US/RE)
• Centrals: (Control & Indicating Equipment, PLC-types connected to
the detectors) [LHC(US15, USA15, UW25, UA27, UJ33, US45, USC55,
US65, TZ76, UX85a, US85a, UA87)]
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
Detection System [GS-ASE]
ALL SAFE
Detection System [GS-ASE]
• Fire and Gas Detection Centrals Relocated during the LS1 from UJ76 to TZ76.
• Fire detectors moved from the RR to the UL55, TZ76 and US15.
• Racks: [LHC (UJ23, UJ87)] To be defined what to be relocated and when
depending onthe radiation levels and the respective evolution.
• Number of ODH detectors should increase during next runs.
• Flashing lights (gyrophares) may be replaced in the future bya LED based system to increase luminosity.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Network & Wi-Fi Points [IT-CS]
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
• Network switches and Wi-Fi access points [LHC (RE, UL, UX, UA)]
• UTP cables from the network switch to the end-user equipment
• Network switches not exposed to radiation in the Injectors(UTP cables might be affected)
• Most exposed equipment were relocated during the LS1 in better locations
No new developments planned until the next 5 years
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Mobile/Radio Services [IT-CS]
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
• 2G/3G Transmitters deployed in all REs (and SD buildings)
• Leaky Feeder Cables (connected to the transmitters, to allow mobile radio
signal propagation all around the LHC tunnel)
-> Get degraded when exposed to radiation [LHC+Injectors]
• To provide 4G services in the LHC, during the LS2:
16 4G transmitters to be installed in the REs
Replacement of the current leaky feeder infrastructure and deploy a second one in // to allow higher data throughput with 4G/5G
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS & MOTIVATIONS
Indoor Localization System [IT-CS]
ELECTRONICS TO BE CONSIDEREDFOR RADIATION EFFECTS
• (TETRA transmitters only deployed in SD buildings)
• RF beacons (powered with 4 AA Lithium 3.6V batteries):
-> Exposed & affected by radiation: life-time dose limit
around few hundred Gys:
- Reliable enough to be deployed in the LHC tunnel(all beacons will be replaced every 5 years (in “LHC conditions”))
- Life-time strongly affected in the Injector Chain
(high radiation levels)
A more radiation tolerant beacon needs to be developed
-> 20% of the total # of beacons tested stopped working due to
a problem of battery (CNRAD tests performed at the end of 2012)
Fraunhofer test campaign will be scheduled for the batteries
QUESTIONS
Inventory:
- Anything missing related to infrastructure?
Development:
- All the future requirements were taken into
account?
THANKS TO ALL WHO HAVE CONTRIBUTED!!
EN – CV / EL,GS – ASE,IT – CS.