HUMAN RESOURCES
COURSE SCHEDULE
CHAPTER 1: HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
AND PLANNING
CHAPTER 2: ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
AND COMMUNICATION
CHAPTER 3: LEADERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND
MOTIVATION
CHAPTER 4: CORPORATE CULTURE AND EMPLOYER
– EMPLOYEE RELATIONS
Chapter 2Organizational Structure and
Communication
Communication
Organizational Structure
Formal organization is a fixed set of rules of organizational procedures and structures.
It refers to the formal relationships of authority.
For example:
In some schools there are some organizations such as t-MBA Student Councils, students unions, and senior managers, all of which have certain roles and responsibilities within its respective organization.
PRESIDENTt-MBA Student Council
International Relations
t-MBA Student Council President
Media and Communication
t-MBA Student Council President
Social Responsibility and
Educational Activities
t-MBA Student Council President
Financial Resource Development
t-MBA Student Council President
Club Unionst-MBA Student Council
President
Levels of Hierarchy When the formal organizations grow, the
levels of hierarchy become clear. This hierarchy is a system created by
people.
Centralization & Decentralization
Centralized organizational structures rely on one individual or a group of people to make decisions and provide direction for the company.
Small businesses often use this structure since the owner is responsible for the company’s business operations.
Decentralized organizational structures often have several individuals responsible for making business decisions and running the business. Decentralized organisations rely on a team-based environment at different levels in the business.
Centralization & Decentralization
Advantages
Centralized organizations can be extremely efficient regarding business decisions.
Decentralized organizations utilize individuals with a variety of expertise and knowledge for running various business operations. A management team helps to ensure the company has knowledgeable directors or managers to handle various types of business situations.
Disadvantages
Centralized organizations can suffer from the negative effects of several layers of bureaucracy.
Decentralized organizations can struggle with multiple individuals having different opinions on a particular business decision.
Henry Mintzberg
Mintzberg is an academic and author on business and management.
Mintzberg describes six parts of organization:
DOSPAN
-Direct supervision
-Output standardization
-Skills standardization
-Process standardization
-Adjustment
-Norms standardization
The six parts of organizations:
MOSTIS
-Middle management
-Operating core
-Strategic management
-Techno structure
-Ideology
-Support staff
Outsourcing, offshoring and migration of HR functions
Outsourcing: if an organization gets a sub-contractor to undertake part of its production, it means it is outsourcing.
It enables to cut costs and focus on what it believes it does best.
Offshoring: The migration of an organization’s activities from one country to another.
HR Functions:
Payroll = Employees receive their pay Work time = Recording hours Benefits administration= Travel & accomodation The HR management information system=
recording qualifications and training Recruiting = Anticipating employees and recruiting
staff Dismissal and redundancy = ensuring the
procedures are followed PR = managing internal & external communication
Communication
Communication has the following features:
Content Source Form Channel Destination Purpose
Formal & Informal Communication
Formal communication is communication through a formal organization structure.
Informal communication emerges through unofficial channels.
Barriers of effective communication
Language: a message needs to use correct vocabulary to be coherent
Overload: the receiver may experience problems with the sheer volume of information
Noise: any noise can hinder the clarity of the message
Emotion: an individual’s feelings Sensitivity to receiver: recognise receiver’s
needs Specialist knowledge: select or ignore Gap: distance between sender and reciever